Bell 101

The Bell 101 dataset or Bell 101 modem was the first commercial modem for computers, released by AT&T Corporation in 1958 for use by SAGE and in 1959 made commercial shortly after AT&T's Bell Labs announced their 110 baud modulation frequencies. The Bell 101 modem allowed digital data to be transmitted over regular unconditioned telephone lines at a speed of 110 bits per second.

Bell 101 modems are no longer in use, and were quickly replaced by its successor the Bell 103 modem. SAGE modems were described by AT&T's Bell Labs as conforming to the Bell 101 dataset standard.

The Bell 101 modems were the first commercial equipment to use ASCII, which was called "four row", as opposed to the Baudot "three row" 6-bit/character code which was predominant from 1908–1962, prior to the rise of EBCDIC.

Amateur radio digital modes

Frequency-shift keying (FSK)	RTTY AMTOR / SITOR PACTOR CLOVER2000 Packet radio (Bell 103 Bell 202)

Multiple frequency-shift keying (MFSK)	Olivia MFSK Contestia JT65 FSK441 JT6M WSPR

Phase-shift keying (PSK)	PSK31 PSK63 Q15X25

CODFM	MT63 (based on PSK)

Non-traditional digital modes	Hellschreiber (Feld-Hell) On-off keying Continuous wave Modulated continuous wave Pulse modulation Frequency-hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS) Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS)

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Bell 101

See also