Benediction of the Blessed Sacrament

Cardinal Godfried Danneels vested in a humeral veil, holding a monstrance containing the Blessed Sacrament.

Benediction of the Blessed Sacrament, more properly Benediction with the Blessed Sacrament, is a devotional ceremony, celebrated especially in the Latin Catholic Church, but also in some Anglican, Lutheran and other churches, whereby a priest or a deacon blesses the congregation with the Eucharist at the end of a period of adoration.[1]

Exposition before the blessing

The actual benediction or blessing follows exposition of the Blessed Sacrament, i.e., the placing of the consecrated Host in a monstrance set upon the altar or at least exposition of a ciborium containing the Blessed Sacrament.[2] Thus "the blessing with the Eucharist is preceded by a reasonable time for readings of the word of God, songs, prayers, and a period for silent prayer", while "exposition merely for the purpose of giving benediction is prohibited".[3]

The readings, songs and prayers are meant to direct attention to worship of Christ in the Eucharist. A prayerful spirit is encouraged also by periods of silence and by a homily or brief exhortations aimed at developing a better understanding of the mystery of the Eucharist.[4]

Latin hymns traditionally sung during the exposition are "O Salutaris Hostia", "Tantum Ergo", "Laudate Dominum" (Psalm 117) and "Ave verum corpus". The Divine Praises are a prayer traditionally recited but no specific hymn or prayer is required, except that, immediately before the blessing, one or other of seven prayers given in the Rite of Eucharistic Exposition and Benediction, 98 and 224-229 is to be recited.[4]

Rite

Benediction at a Carmelite friary in Ghent, Belgium

Before publication of the 1973 Rite of Eucharistic Exposition and Benediction, there was no codification of the rite. However, the guidelines for the Diocese of Rome issued under Pope Clement XII (and hence called the Clementine Instruction) and drawn up by the Cardinal Vicar, Prospero Lambertini (later Pope Benedict XIV), were widely adopted.

The rite now in force for the Latin Church requires the use of incense at the beginning of the exposition and before the blessing, if the Blessed Sacrament is exposed in a monstrance, but not if a ciborium is used.[5] Similarly, the priest or deacon, wearing an alb or a surplice, should also put on a cope and use a humeral veil when giving the blessing with the Blessed Sacrament in a monstrance, but the cope is not required when using a ciborium.[6]

A person other than a priest or deacon authorized to expose the Eucharist for adoration cannot give the blessing with it.[7]

Immediately after the benediction, the Blessed Sacrament is replaced in the church tabernacle, while an acclamation such as "O sacrament most holy" is sung.[8]

Eastern Christianity

Benediction of the Blessed Sacrament is also used in some Eastern churches. These include the Melkite Church,[9] one of the Eastern Catholic churches in communion with Rome, and also the Ukrainian Orthodox Church of the USA,[10] which is not in communion with the Eastern Orthodox churches, e.g. Greek Orthodox or Russian Orthodox churches.

While Benediction with the Blessed Sacrament is not a practice of most Eastern Orthodox or Oriental Orthodox churches, or of the Assyrian Church of the East, these churches do believe in the real presence. As a sign of this in many Eastern Orthodox churches the consecrated elements are venerated during the Divine Liturgy, however this is part of the liturgy and not a distinct form of benediction. When the deacon brings the chalice out before the Communion of the Faithful, all either make a full prostration or bow. Also, at the Liturgy of the Presanctified Gifts, during the Great Entrance, as the priest carries the chalice and diskos (paten) to the Holy Doors, everyone prostrates themselves in veneration before the consecrated gifts.[11]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Congregation for Divine Worship, Holy Communion and Worship of the Eucharist outside Mass, 91
  2. ↑ John A. Hardon, "Eucharist, Worship and Custody"
  3. ↑ Congregation for Divine Worship, Holy Communion and Worship of the Eucharist outside Mass, 89
  4. 1 2 Diocese of San Diego, Rite of Eucharistic Exposition and Benediction
  5. ↑ Congregation for Divine Worship, Holy Communion and Worship of the Eucharist outside Mass, 93 and 97
  6. ↑ Congregation for Divine Worship, Holy Communion and Worship of the Eucharist outside Mass, 92
  7. ↑ Congregation for Divine Worship, Holy Communion and Worship of the Eucharist outside Mass, 91
  8. ↑ Congregation for Divine Worship, Holy Communion and Worship of the Eucharist outside Mass, 100
  9. ↑ Melkite Greek Catholic Rite of Benediction
  10. ↑ http://web.archive.org/web/20130311202229/http://www.uaocamerica.org/Liturgics/ByzantineRiteBenedictionoftheSacramentofChristsBodyandBlood.dsp. Archived from the original on March 11, 2013. Retrieved March 13, 2016. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  11. ↑ Divine Liturgy of St John Chrysostom
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