Berlin Pankow (electoral district)

Location of constituency in Berlin

Berlin Pankow is one of the 299 single member constituencies used for the German parliament, the Bundestag. Located in north-east Berlin the constituency was created in its current form for the 2002 election. The predecessor constituencies had been won by the Social Democratic Party of Germany in 1990 and by the Party of Democratic Socialism (PDS), the successor party to the East German Communist party, in 1994 and 1998. The redrawn constituency was won by the SPD in 2002 and 2005 but lost to The Left Party (DL) in 2009.

History and boundaries

The constituency, numbered constituency 77 by the German electoral authorities,^[1] contains most of the Berlin borough of Pankow. This borough, a merger of the former boroughs of Pankow, Prenzlauer Berg and Weissensee was created by the 2001 administrative reform. The current constituency excludes the eastern section of Prenzlauer Berg, which is placed in the Berlin Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg - Prenzlauer Berg East constituency. The legislation establishing the constituency describes it as containing the "borough of Pankow without the area east of Mitte and Prenzlauer Allee south of the road and mid Lehderstrasse Gürtelstrasse and the Jewish Cemetery."^[2]

The first constituency to centre on the Pankow and Weissensee areas, constituency number 258, Berlin Pankow – Hohenschönhausen – Weissensee II, was used for the 1990 election, the first after German reunification. For the 1994 election, the remainder of the Weissensee area was added and the constituency renamed as Berlin Hohenschönhausen – Pankow – Weissensee and numbered constituency 261.

Current MP Stefan Liebich

The reduction in the number of single member constituencies from 328 to 299 meant that Berlin lost one of its 13 constituencies for the 2002 election. The boundary changes which took effect for the 2002 election transferred the Hohenschönhausen area to the new Berlin Lichtenberg while the redrawn Pankow constituency gained the western section of Prenzlauer Berg from the abolished Berlin Mitte - Prenzlauer Berg constituency. These boundary changes proved significant as the PDS had won the constituency by just 3,293 votes in 1998^[3] and out of the 23 Berlin boroughs then in existence, Hohenschönhausen had produced their fourth highest vote share, 41.4% against the SPD vote of 31.5%. In contrast, in the newly added Prenzlauer Berg section, SPD had led PDS in the Prenzlauer Berg borough as a whole by 38.2% to 34.0%^[4] Controversy arose after the Chief German statistician produced figures showing that, on the new 2002 boundaries, the SPD would have beaten the PDS by 36.1% to 32.7% in 1998.^[5]

Consequently the newly redrawn constituency was won by the SPD in 2002. Under Germany's electoral system, a party must win either 3 constituency seats or poll more than 5% of the vote across Germany as a whole in order to be awarded list seats. Having won four constituency seats at the previous election, the failure of the PDS to win a third constituency here or in other potential seats such as Berlin Treptow – Köpenick or Berlin Kreuzberg-Friedrichshain - Prenzlauer Berg East in 2002 proved crucial to the overall result as it meant the party missed out on 15 list MPs. In 2009, a large drop in the SPD vote allowed the Left to gain the seat, although the winning percentage was just 28.8%, the second lowest winning percentage of the election after the neighbouring Berlin Mitte constituency.

Profile

The number of residents with German citizenship was 94.0%, a figure above the Berlin average of 86.6% and the third highest figure for any Berlin constituency.^[6] 33.5% of residents had qualifications which met the requirements for University entry.

Electoral system

Elections in Germany take place using the Additional Member System. Voters have two votes, one for a constituency MP and one for a regional list to elect representatives for the whole of Berlin city. Elections for the Pankow constituency take place using the First past the post system.

Results

2009 election

Party		Constituency results				List results
Party		Candidate	Votes	% share	+/-	Votes	% share	+/-
	The Left Party.PDS	Stefan Liebich	47,053	28.8	+4.5	45,087	27.5	+3.2
	Social Democratic Party of Germany	Wolfgang Thierse	44,732	27.4	-13.7	29,795	18.2	-16.4
	Christian Democratic Union	Gottfried Ludewig	28,332	17.4	+2.0	28,179	17.2	+2.9
	Alliance '90/The Greens	Heiko Thomas	26,770	16.4	+3.6	32,505	19.9	+4.1
	Free Democratic Party	Martin Lindner	9,617	5.9	+2.8	13,606	8.3	+2.6
	National Democratic Party of Germany		3,669	2.2	0.0	2,964	1.8	-0.1
	Others		3,062	2.0	N/A

Out of a total electorate of 232,246, the total number of first votes cast was 166,149 of which 3,081 votes were invalid. The turnout was thus 71.5%, a drop of 6.3% compared to the 2005 election.

source:^[7]

2005 election

Party		Constituency results				List results
Party		Candidate	Votes	% share	+/-	Votes	% share	+/-
	Social Democratic Party of Germany	Wolfgang Thierse	70,730	41.1	-3.6	59,613	34.6	-3.2
	The Left Party.PDS	Stefan Liebich	41,864	24.3	-1.8	42,051	24.4	+4.2
	Christian Democratic Union	Günter Nooke	26,407	15.3	-1.4	24,750	14.4	-1.6
	Alliance '90/The Greens	Werner Schulz	21,946	12.8	+6.3	27,181	15.8	-0.4
	Free Democratic Party		5,241	3.0	-0.6	9,839	5.7	0.8
	National Democratic Party of Germany		3,821	2.2	0.0	3,235	1.9	+1.1
	Others		2,112	1.3	N/A

Out of a total electorate of 224,621, the total number of votes cast was 174821 (77.8%) of which 2,700 votes were invalid.

2002 election

Party		Constituency results			List results
Party		Candidate	Votes	% share	Votes	% share
	Social Democratic Party of Germany	Wolfgang Thierse	74,948	44.7
	The Left Party.PDS		43,833	26.1
	Christian Democratic Union		28,089	16.8
	Alliance '90/The Greens		10,784	6.4
	Free Democratic Party		6,172	3.7
	The Grays – Gray Panthers		2,019	1.2
	Others		1,824	1.0

Out of a total electorate of 220,153, the total number of votes cast was 169,910 (77.2%) of which 2,241 votes were invalid.

References

↑ Election results and statistics (German)
↑ description of constituency boundaries
↑ 1998 Berlin election results, table 3a
↑ 1998 Berlin election results, Endgültiges Ergebnis, in Grafiken, Grafik 8
↑ Die geschleiften PDS-Hochburgen, Speigel, 16 September 2002
↑ Constituency data
↑ Federal returning officer 2009 results

Electoral districts of Berlin in the German Bundestag

2002 election to present	Berlin Charlottenburg–Wilmersdorf Berlin Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg–Prenzlauer Berg East Berlin Lichtenberg Berlin Marzahn–Hellersdorf Berlin Mitte Berlin Neukölln Berlin Pankow Berlin Reinickendorf Berlin Spandau–Charlottenburg North Berlin Steglitz-Zehlendorf Berlin-Tempelhof–Schöneberg Berlin Treptow–Köpenick

1994 and 1998 elections	Berlin Charlottenburg–Wilmersdorf Berlin Friedrichshain-Lichtenberg Berlin Hellersdorf-Marzahn Berlin Hohenschönhausen–Pankow–Weissensee Berlin Kreuzberg–Schöneberg Berlin Mitte-Prenzlauer Berg Berlin Neukölln Berlin Reinickendorf Berlin Spandau Berlin Steglitz-Zehlendorf Berlin Templehof Berlin Tiergarten-Wedding-North Charlottenburg Berlin Treptow–Köpenick

1990 election	Berlin Charlottenburg–Wilmersdorf Berlin Friedrichshain-Treptow–Lichtenberg I Berlin Hellersdorf-Marzahn Berlin Hohenschönhausen–Pankow–Weissensee II Berlin-Kreuzberg – Schöneberg Berlin Mitte-Prenzlauer Berg-Weissensee I Berlin Neukölln Berlin Reinickendorf Berlin Spandau Berlin Steglitz-Zehlendorf Berlin Templehof-South-East-Stieglitz Berlin Tiergarten-Wedding-North Charlottenburg Berlin Köpenick-Lichtenberg II

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