Betaine-aldehyde dehydrogenase

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donor with NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is betaine-aldehyde:NAD+ oxidoreductase. Other names in common use include betaine aldehyde oxidase, BADH, betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase, and BetB. This enzyme participates in glycine, serine and threonine metabolism.

Structural studies

As of late 2007, 4 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB accession codes 1A4S, 1BPW, 1WNB, and 1WND.

References

ROTHSCHILD HA, BARRON ES (1954). "The oxidation of betaine aldehyde by betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase". J. Biol. Chem. 209 (2): 511–23. PMID 13192104.
Tsutui N, Hirasawa E (2003). "Purification and properties of betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase from Avena sativa". J. Plant. Res. 116 (2): 133–40. doi:10.1007/s10265-003-0077-7. PMID 12736784.
L; González-Segura, L; Mújica-Jiménez, C; Contreras-Díaz, L (2003). "Ligand-induced conformational changes of betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Amaranthus hypochondriacus L. leaves affecting the reactivity of the catalytic thiol". Chem. Biol. Interact. 143-144: 129–37. doi:10.1016/S0009-2797(02)00197-7. PMID 12604197.
Eklund H; El-Ahmad, M; Ramaswamy, S; Hjelmqvist, L; Jörnvall, H; Eklund, H (1998). "Structure of betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase at 2.1 A resolution". Protein. Sci. 7 (10): 2106–17. doi:10.1002/pro.5560071007. PMC 2143847. PMID 9792097.
Takabe T; Tanaka, Y; Aoki, K; Hibino, T; Jikuya, H; Takano, J; Takabe, T; Takabe, T (2003). "Isolation and functional characterization of N-methyltransferases that catalyze betaine synthesis from glycine in a halotolerant photosynthetic organism Aphanothece halophytica". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (7): 4932–42. doi:10.1074/jbc.M210970200. PMID 12466265.

Aldehyde/oxo oxidoreductases (EC 1.2)

1.2.1: NAD or NADP	Aldehyde dehydrogenase Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase Long-chain-aldehyde dehydrogenase

1.2.2: cytochrome	Formate dehydrogenase (cytochrome)

1.2.3: oxygen	Aldehyde oxidase

1.2.4: disulfide	Oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex Pyruvate dehydrogenase Branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complex BCKDHA BCKDHB DBT DLD

1.2.7: iron-sulfur protein	Pyruvate synthase

Enzymes

Activity	Active site Binding site Catalytic triad Oxyanion hole Enzyme promiscuity Catalytically perfect enzyme Coenzyme Cofactor Enzyme catalysis Enzyme kinetics Lineweaver–Burk plot Michaelis–Menten kinetics

Regulation	Allosteric regulation Cooperativity Enzyme inhibitor

Classification	EC number Enzyme superfamily Enzyme family List of enzymes

Types	EC1 Oxidoreductases(list) EC2 Transferases(list) EC3 Hydrolases(list) EC4 Lyases(list) EC5 Isomerases(list) EC6 Ligases(list)

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