Bisymmetric matrix

Symmetry pattern of a bisymmetric 5×5 matrix

In mathematics, a bisymmetric matrix is a square matrix that is symmetric about both of its main diagonals. More precisely, an n × n matrix A is bisymmetric if it satisfies both A = A^T and AJ = JA where J is the n × n exchange matrix.

For example:

$\begin{bmatrix} a & b & c & d & e \\ b & f & g & h & d \\ c & g & i & g & c \\ d & h & g & f & b \\ e & d & c & b & a \end{bmatrix}.$

Properties

Bisymmetric matrices are both symmetric centrosymmetric and symmetric persymmetric. It has been shown that real-valued bisymmetric matrices are precisely those symmetric matrices whose eigenvalues are the same up to sign after pre or post multiplication by the exchange matrix.^[1]

The product of two bisymmetric matrices results in a centrosymmetric matrix

References

1. Tao, D.; Yasuda, M. (2002). "A spectral characterization of generalized real symmetric centrosymmetric and generalized real symmetric skew-centrosymmetric matrices". SIAM J. Matrix Anal. Appl. 23 (3): 885–895. doi:10.1137/S0895479801386730. Retrieved 2007-10-12.