Bithynia (gastropod)

Bithynia
Bithynia tentaculata
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
(unranked): clade Caenogastropoda

clade Hypsogastropoda
clade Truncatelloidea

Superfamily: Rissooidea
Family: Bithyniidae
Genus: Bithynia
Leach, 1818[1]
Synonyms[2]
  • Bithinia Leach, 1818 (misspelling)
  • Bithynia (Bithynia) Leach, 1818 · accepted, alternate representation
  • Bithynia (Digoniostoma) Annandale, 1920 · accepted, alternate representation
  • Bithynia (Gabbia) Tryon, 1865 · accepted, alternate representation
  • †Bithynia (Pseudemmericia) Schlickum, 1968
  • Bulimus Scopoli, 1777 (invalid: placed on the Official Index by ICZN Opinion 475)
  • Bulimus (Bulimus) Scopoli, 1777 (genus invalid: placed on the Official Index by ICZN Opinion 475)
  • Bythinia Stein, 1850 (invalid: unjustified emendation of Bithynia; placed on the Official Index by ICZN Opinion 475)
  • Digyrcidum Locard, 1882
  • Paraelona Beriozkina & Starobogatov, 1994

Bithynia is a genus of small freshwater snails with an operculum, aquatic prosobranch gastropod mollusks in the family Bithyniidae. [2]

The diploid chromosome number of Bithynia sp. from Egypt is 2n=32.[3]

Distribution

Lake Skadar with 5 species of Bithynia is a biodiversity hotspot of Bithynia evolution.[4]

Species

Glöer (2002)[5] recognized four subnenera Bithynia, Codiella, Neumayria and Parafossarulus within European species. He reassigned two European extinct species of Parafossarulus into a subgenus of the genus Bithynia, but the genus Parafossarulus is generally accepted for the Asian species.[5] The subnenus Digoniostoma is also recognized for Asian species.

Subgenera and species within the genus Bithynia include:

Subgenus Bithynia Leach, 1818

Subgenus Codiella Locard, 1894

Subgenus Neumayria De Stefani, 1887[7]

Subgenus Digoniostoma Annandale, 1920[8]

Subgenus Incertae sedis[13]

Subgenus ?

  • † Bithynia almerai Almera, 1894
  • † Bithynia berthelini Depéret, 1894
  • Bithynia boissieri (Küster, 1852)[6]
  • † Bithynia budinici Brusina, 1902
  • Bithynia candiota Westerlund, 1886[6]
  • Bithynia canyamelensis Altaba, 2007
  • Bithynia cerameopoma (Benson, 1830)
  • Bithynia cettinensis Clessin, 1887
  • † Bithynia clessini Brusina, 1884
  • Bithynia cretensis Glöer & Maassen, 2009
  • † Bithynia croatica Pilar, 1874
  • † Bithynia cyclostoma (Rousseau, 1842)
  • Bithynia danubialis Glöer & Georgiev, 2012
  • † Bithynia dunkeri Gude, 1913
  • Bithynia forcarti Glöer & Pešić, 2012
  • † Bithynia fuchsi Willmann, 1981
  • Bithynia fuchsiana (Möllendorff, 1888)[11]
  • Bithynia ghodaghodiensis Glöer & Bössneck, 2013
  • † Bithynia giralanensis Oppenheim, 1919
  • † Bithynia glabra (von Zieten, 1832)
  • Bithynia graeca Westerlund, 1879[6]
  • Bithynia hambergerae A. Reischütz, N. Reischütz & P. L. Reischütz, 2008
  • Bithynia italica (Paulucci, 1879)[6]
  • † Bithynia jurinaci Brusina, 1884
  • Bithynia kobialkai Glöer & Beckmann, 2007[14]
  • † Bithynia leberonensis Fischer & Tournouër, 1873
  • Bithynia longicornis Benson - in China[11]
  • Bithynia majorcina Glöer & Rolán, 2007[15]
  • Bithynia manonellesi Altaba, 2007
  • † Bithynia marasinica Andrusov, 1909
  • Bithynia mazandaranensis Glöer & Pešić, 2012
  • † Bithynia mediocris Ludwig, 1865
  • † Bithynia minor Locard, 1878
  • Bithynia misella (Gredler, 1884)[16]
  • Bithynia montenegrina Wohlberedt, 1901
  • Bithynia mostarensis Möllendorff, 1873[6]
  • † Bithynia multicostata Tchernov, 1975
  • Bithynia nakeae Glöer & Beckmann, 2007[14]
  • Bithynia numidica Bourguignat, 1864
  • Bithynia orcula Frauenfeld, 1862
  • Bithynia pauli Altaba, 2007
  • Bithynia pesicii Glöer & Yildirim, 2006
  • † Bithynia phrygica (Fischer in Tchihatcheff, 1866)
  • † Bithynia pilari Neumayr in Neumayr & Paul, 1875
  • † Bithynia pisidica Oppenheim, 1919
  • † Bithynia podarensis (Pană in Pană et al., 1981)
  • † Bithynia pontica Gozhik, 2002
  • Bithynia prespensis Hadžišče, 1963
  • Bithynia prestoni Glöer & Bössneck, 2013
  • † Bithynia protemmericia Willmann, 1981
  • Bithynia pulchella (Benson, 1836)
  • Bithynia quintanai Glöer & Beckmann, 2007[14]
  • Bithynia radomani Glöer & Pešić, 2007[6]
  • Bithynia raptiensis Glöer & Bössneck, 2013
  • Bithynia reharensis Glöer & Bössneck, 2013
  • Bithynia riddifordi Altaba, 2007
  • † Bithynia rubella Schütt in Schütt & Besenecker, 1973
  • Bithynia rubens (Menke, 1830)
  • † Bithynia rumana Porumbaru, 1881
  • † Bithynia schuetti Schlickum & Strauch, 1974
  • Bithynia schwabii Frauenfeld, 1865[6]
  • † Bithynia sermenazensis Depéret, 1894
  • Bithynia sibirica Westerlund, 1886
  • Bithynia sistanica (Annandale & Prashad, 1919)
  • Bithynia skadarskii Glöer & Pešić, 2007[6]
  • Bithynia starmuehlneri Glöer & Pešić, 2012
  • Bithynia stenothyroides (Dohrn, 1857)
  • Bithynia subbaraoi Glöer & Bössneck, 2013
  • Bithynia transsilvanica Bielz, 1853
  • † Bithynia ungeri (Rolle, 1860)
  • † Bithynia veneria Fontannes, 1881
  • † Bithynia verneuili (Mayer, 1856)
  • † Bithynia verrii de Stefani, 1880
  • Bithynia walderdorffii Frauenfeld, 1865[6]
  • Bithynia walkeri (Brandt, 1968)[17]
  • Bithynia yildirimi Glöer & Georgiev, 2012
  • Bithynia zeta Glöer & Pešić, 2007[6]
  • † Bithynia zoranici Brusina, 1902

Synonyms:

See also

References

  1. ↑ Abel C. (1818). Narrative of a journey in the interior of China, and of a voyage to and from that country, in the years 1816 and 1817; containing an account of the most interesting transactions of Lord Amherst's embassy to the court of Pekin, and observations on the countries which it visited. Illustrated by maps and other engravings. pp. i-xvi [= 1-16], 1-420, pl. [1-22]. London. (Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme & Brown). Bithynia at page 362.
  2. 1 2 Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S. (2014). Bithynia Leach, 1818. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=182698 on 2014-11-19
  3. ↑ Tohamy A. A. & Mohamed S. M. (2006). "Chromosomal studies on two Egyptian freshwater snails, Cleopatra and Bithynia (Mollusca-Prosobranchiata)". Arab J. Biotech. 9(1): 17-26. PDF.
  4. ↑ Pešić V. & Glöer P. (2013). "A new freshwater snail genus (Hydrobiidae, Gastropoda) from Montenegro, with a discussion on gastropod diversity and endemism in Skadar Lake". ZooKeys 281: 69-90. doi:10.3897/zookeys.281.4409
  5. 1 2 Glöer P. (2002). Die Süßwassergastropoden Nord- und Mitteleuropas. Die Tierwelt Deutschlands, ConchBooks, Hackenheim, 326 pp., ISBN 3-925919-60-0, page 190-194.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Species in genus Bithynia (n=13). AnimalBase, accessed 30 December 2012.
  7. ↑ Stefani (1876). Atti Soc. Toscana Sci. nat. 2: 165 [nomen novum]; (1877) 3: 322.
  8. ↑ Annandale (1920). Indian J. med. Res. 8: 104.
  9. ↑ Richter K. & Simonis J. (2012). "Bithynia funiculata". In: IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 30 December 2012.
  10. ↑ Phongsasakulchoti, P.; Sri-Aroon, P.; Kerdpuech, Y. (2005). "Emergence of Opisthorchis viverrini cercariae from naturally infected Bithynia (Digoniostoma) siamensis goniomphalos". The Southeast Asian journal of tropical medicine and public health. 36 Suppl 4: 189–191. PMID 16438207..
  11. 1 2 3 Traub, R. J.; MacAranas, J.; Mungthin, M.; Leelayoova, S.; Cribb, T.; Murrell, K. D.; Thompson, R. C. A. (2009). Sripa, Banchob, ed. "A New PCR-Based Approach Indicates the Range of Clonorchis sinensis Now Extends to Central Thailand". PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 3 (1): e367. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0000367. PMC 2614470. PMID 19156191.
  12. ↑ Richter K. & Simonis J. (2012). "Bithynia siamensis". In: IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 31 December 2012.
  13. ↑ Yildirim M. Z., Koca S. B. & Kebapçi U. (2006). "Supplement to the Prosobranchia (Mollusca: Gastropoda) Fauna of Fresh and Brackish Waters of Turkey". Turkish Journal of Zoology 30: 197-204. PDF
  14. 1 2 3 Glöer P. & Beckmann K.-H. (2007). "Radix lilli n. sp. und drei neue Bithynia-Arten von den Balearen (Gastropoda: Bithyniidae, Lymnaeidae). pp. 163-170. In: Beckmann K.-H.: Die Land- und Süßwassermollusken der Balearischen Inseln. ConchBooks, Hackenheim, 255 pp., ISBN 978-3-939767-05-3.
  15. ↑ Glöer P. & Rolán E. (2007). "Bithynia majorcina n. sp., a new species from the Balearics (Gastropoda: Bithyniidae). pp. 159-162. In: Beckmann K.-H.: Die Land- und Süßwassermollusken der Balearischen Inseln. ConchBooks, Hackenheim, 255 pp., ISBN 978-3-939767-05-3.
  16. ↑ Madhyastha A. (2012). "Bithynia misella". In: IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 30 December 2012.
  17. ↑ Allen D. (2012). "Bithynia walkeri". In: IUCN 2013. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 15 March 2014.
  18. ↑ Kebapçı U. (2011). "Pseudobithynia pentheri". In: IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 31 December 2012.

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