Blue-black grassquit

Blue-black grassquit
A male blue-black grassquit at Manduri, São Paulo State, Brazil
A female blue-black grassquit at Manduri, São Paulo State, Brazil Recorded at Arthur Nogueira (São Paulo State, Brazil) by Eurico Zimbres
Conservation status
Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Passeriformes
Family:	Thraupidae (see text)
Genus:	Volatinia L. Reichenbach, 1850
Species:	V. jacarina
Binomial name
Volatinia jacarina (Linnaeus, 1766)

The blue-black grassquit (Volatinia jacarina) is a small bird in the tanager family, Thraupidae. It was previously classified in the bunting and American sparrow family, Emberizidae. It breeds from southern Mexico through Central America, and South America as far as northern Chile, Argentina and Paraguay, and on Trinidad and Tobago. It is the only member of the genus Volatinia.

Adult blue-black grassquits are 10.2 cm (4.0 in) long and weigh 9.3 g (0.33 oz). They have a slender conical black bill. The male is glossy blue-black, with a black tail and wings; the white inner underwing is visible in flight or display. Female and immature birds have brown upperparts and dark-streaked buff underparts.

The male has a jumping display, often performed for long periods, which gives rise to the local name "johnny jump-up". This is accompanied by a persistent wheezing jweeee call.

This is a common bird in semi-open areas, including cultivation and gardens. It makes a small cup nest, with a typical clutch of one to three pale green eggs blotched with reddish brown. Both sexes incubate for 9–10 days, with about the same period again for the young to fledge.

The blue-black grassquit feeds mainly on seeds. It is quite gregarious and forms communal evening roosts.

References

1. BirdLife International (2012). "Volatinia jacarina". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.2. International Union for Conservation of Nature. Retrieved 26 November 2013.

• Hilty, Steven L. (2003). Birds of Venezuela. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-7136-6418-5.
• ffrench, Richard; O'Neill, John Patton; Eckelberry, Don R. (1991). A Guide to the Birds of Trinidad and Tobago (2nd ed.). Ithaca, N.Y.: Comstock Publishing. ISBN 0-8014-9792-2.

External links

• BirdLife species factsheet for Volatinia jacarina
• Blue-black grassquit videos, photos, and sounds at the Internet Bird Collection
• Blue-black grassquit photo gallery at VIREO (Drexel University)
• Blue-black grassquit species account at NeotropicalBirds (Cornell University)

• Interactive range map of Volatinia jacarina at IUCN Red List maps
• Audio recordings of Blue-black grassquit on Xeno-canto.