Bommeria

Bommeria
Bommeria elegans
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Division:	Pteridophyta
Class:	Polypodiopsida
Order:	Polypodiales
Family:	Pteridaceae
Subfamily:	Cheilanthoideae
Genus:	Bommeria Fourn.
Species
Bommeria brandegeei Bommeria ehrenbergiana Bommeria elegans Bommeria hispida Bommeria knoblochii Bommeria pedata Bommeria subpalacea

Bommeria is a genus of small pteridaceous rock ferns, native to the New World. Genetic analysis has shown it to be a stem offshoot clade of all the cheilanthoid ferns (in family Pteridaceae),^[1] except for Doryopteris, which is an even more basal ("primitive") stem offshoot. for years, it was assumed that this genus was closely allied with Hemionitis, but genetic analysis has shown that genus to be a more advanced genus evolutionarily. The same set of analysis has shown many presumed genera within this family to be paraphyletic, but the small genus Bommeria appears to be monophyletic, or a natural genus.

Bommeria is a "gymnogrammoid" fern, exhibiting unprotected sori aligned along veins on the undersides of the fronds. This is why it was assumed to be closely allied to Hemionitis. Such a feature is strongly at odds with most pteridoid ferns (Pteridaceae), which typically have linear marginal sori with an indusium, and sometimes protected with a reflexed leaf tissue margin. Apparently, this is a trait that can arise independently, and may be an atavistic trait.

The stipes (leaf stems) of Bommeria are hairy, with some scales, and the fronds are hairy, both above and below. The hairs above and short and sharp, while the hairs below may be straight or curled. Scales are also present on the bottoms of the fronds.

The genus name honors Belgian botanist Jean-Édouard Bommer. The basal chromosome number for this genus is 2n=60 (n=30).

Species

• Bommeria brandegeei (D.C. Eaton) - not yet assigned to Bommeria, but proper placement according to Windham et al. 2009.
• Bommeria ehrenbergiana (Kl.) Underw. -- Mexico (same as Bommeria podophylla Fourn.)
• Bommeria elegans (Davenp.) Ranker & Haufler -- Mexico
• Bommeria hispida (Mett. ex Kuhn) Underw. -- copper fern, Mexico, Arizona, New Mexico, Texas (same as Bommeria schaffneri Fourn.)
• Bommeria knoblochii Maxon -- mountains of western Chihuahua, Mexico
• Bommeria pedata Fourn. -- western Mexico and Central America
• Bommeria subpalacea Maxon -- Mexico

References

1. Christenhusz, Maarten J. M.; Zhang, Xian-Chun; Schneider, Harald (18 February 2011). "A linear sequence of extant families and genera of lycophytes and ferns" (PDF). Phytotaxa 19: 7–54. ISSN 1179-3163.

Further reading

• Haufler, Christopher H. "A biosystematic revision of Bommeria." Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 60:445-476. 1979.
• Maxon, William. "Studies of Tropical American Ferns." Contributions from the United States National Herbarium, Volume 17, United States National Herbarium, United States. Division of Botany, United States National Museum. 1916.
• Windham, M.D., L. Huiet, E. Schuettpelz, A.L. Grusz, C. Rothfels, J. Beck, G. Yatskievych, and K.M. Pryer. "Using plastid and nuclear DNA sequences to redraw generic boundaries and demystify species complexes in cheilanthoid ferns." American Fern Journal 99: 128-132. 2009.
• Yarborough, Sharon C. and A. Michael Powell. Ferns and Fern Allies of the Trans-Pecos and Adjacent Areas. Texas Tech University Press, Texas. 2002. 116pp, b/w ill, maps, PB. ISBN 0-89672-476-X. (for Bommeria hispida and genus description)