Border War (Kansas–Missouri rivalry)

This article is about the athletic rivalry between the University of Kansas and the University of Missouri. For other uses, see Border War.
Kansas Jayhawks–Missouri Tigers
Border War logo used from 2002–04, prior to the rivalry's branding change to "Border Showdown"
Football
First Meeting October 31, 1891
Games Played 120
All-time series Missouri leads, 57–54–9 or 56–55–9 (disputed)
Men's Basketball
First Meeting March 11, 1907
Games Played 267
All-time series Kansas leads, 172–95
Baseball
First Meeting 1899 or 1901 (disputed)
Games Played 337 or 321 (disputed)
All-time series Missouri leads, 212–123–2 or 195–124–2 (disputed)

The Border War (alternatively, Border Showdown) is the name of the rivalry between athletic teams from the University of Kansas and University of Missouri, the Kansas Jayhawks and the Missouri Tigers respectively . Athletic competition between the two schools began in the 1890s when both schools were in the Western Interstate University Football Association. From 1907 to 2012 both schools were in the same athletic conference and competed annually in all sports. Sports Illustrated described the rivalry as the oldest (Division I) rivalry west of the Mississippi River in 2011,[1] but it has been dormant since Missouri departed the Big 12 Conference for the Southeastern Conference on July 1, 2012. Despite overtures from Missouri to continue athletic competition, no further games have been scheduled between the two schools.[2]

The rivalry has historic roots in the often violent relationship between the states of Kansas and Missouri, including guerrilla warfare between the states before and during the American Civil War.[3]

Background

Many believe the rivalry can trace its history to open violence involving anti-slavery and pro-slavery elements that took place in the Kansas Territory and the western frontier towns of Missouri throughout the 1850s.[4][5][6] These incidents were attempts by some Missourians (then a slave state) to influence whether Kansas would enter the Union as a free or slave state. The era of political turbulence and violence has been termed Bleeding Kansas. When the Civil War began, the animosity that developed during the Kansas territorial period erupted in particularly vicious fighting. In the opening year of the war, six Missouri towns (the largest being Osceola) and large swaths of western Missouri were plundered and burned by various forces from Kansas. These attacks led to a retaliatory raid on Lawrence, Kansas two years later (Lawrence Massacre), which led to General Order No. 11 (1863), the forced depopulation of several western Missouri counties. The raid on Lawrence was led by William Quantrill, a Confederate guerrilla born in Ohio who had formed his bushwhacker group at the end of 1861. When the Civil War began, Quantrill was a resident of Lawrence, Kansas teaching school.

A recent analysis of the rivalry's history by a University of Kansas professor concludes that historical memories of the Civil War era were not introduced into the athletic rivalry until the 1970s, and the historical angle did not seep into the popular imagination until the 1990s.[7] A rebuttal provided extensive evidence the rivalry "from its start, was influenced by animosity dating to the Border War."[8] Evidence includes a newspaper article on the 1891 game opening with a reference to the Border War, quotes from the University of Missouri's coach of the 1910 team stating "the annual football game...is but a continuation of the border warfare of earlier times", and legendary Kansas basketball coach Phog Allen citing the "border warfare of Civil War days" as the reason for the intensity of the rivalry.

The mascots of the two universities were also derived from this time period. The University of Kansas, like many other universities, had no official mascot during the early years of its existence. The football team had used many different independent mascots, including a pig. In the three years preceding and the decades following the Civil War, the term “Jayhawker” was generally an epithet denoting “plundering marauder” both in the Missouri-Kansas region and nationally.[9][10][11][12][13] However, after Charles Jenison christened the Seventh Kansas Volunteer Cavalry “The Independent Kansas Jayhawkers” in 1861, the term also began to be used as a term for any troops from Kansas, and eventually by Kansans as a term they proudly applied to themselves.[14] By the late 1800s, it had become synonymous with native Kansans, much like Hoosiers in the state of Indiana. According to the University of Kansas, when KU football players first took the field in 1890, they were called the Jayhawkers.[15] The University of Missouri also adopted a civil-war related name. When the MU football team was first formed in 1890, at a mass meeting of students and interested citizens held to perfect the organization of the team, “Tigers” was unanimously selected as the team name.[16] During the Civil War, the "Tigers" were a "home guard" unit that protected Columbia from guerilla attack. The Tigers militia unit was commanded by James Rollins, upon whom the MU’s Board of Curators later bestowed the title of “Pater Universitatis Missouriensis” (Father of the University of Missouri) in recognition of his “great efforts to promote the posterity, usefulness, and success” of the University.[17] Ironically, they once protected Columbia from attack by a band led by "Bloody Bill" Anderson, who participated in the Burning of Lawrence along with Quantrill.[5][18]

Over the years, the series has developed into one of the most bitter and hateful rivalries in college sports. In the early football match ups, the sidelines would be occupied by Civil War Veterans from both sides. They once stood across from each other on the battlefield, now they looked across an athletic field. The emotions of an actual war once fought between the states became infused into the athletic contests between the 2 institutions. Overtime, even the coaches have gotten into the rivalry. Former Kansas football coach Don Fambrough, when referred to a physician across the state line in Kansas City, Missouri, for treatment, exclaimed "I'll die first!".[19] Not to be outdone, Missouri's former basketball coach Norm Stewart would traditionally have his players stay in Kansas City, Missouri, before playing at Kansas, going so far as to require the team bus to buy its gasoline at a Missouri filling station and reprimanding players who ate in Kansas, as he did not want to put any money into Kansas' economy.

The 2007 football season brought the origins of the rivalry between the two states back into the spotlight. A T-shirt created by a Missouri alumnus gained national attention with its reference to Quantrill's Raid of 1863.[20] The shirt depicted the burning of Lawrence in 1863 following the raid of William Quantrill and his Bushwhackers. The image of Lawrence burning was paired with the word “Scoreboard” and a Mizzou logo. On the back of the shirts, William Quantrill was quoted, saying "Our cause is just, our enemies many." Some Kansas fans interpreted these shirts as supporting slavery, and in recent years, the epithet "Slavers" has been employed by many KU fans to refer to anything related to Missouri. KU supporters returned fire with a shirt depicting abolitionist John Brown with the words, “Kansas: Keeping America Safe From Missouri Since 1854.”[21]

The 2007 Border Showdown logo

Name change

In 2004 its name was officially changed from Border War to the Border Showdown.[22] KU athletic director Lew Perkins stated, "We feel that in the aftermath of September 11, 2001, and the ensuing events around the world, it is inappropriate to use the term ‘war' to describe intercollegiate athletics events."[23] The name change was generally derided by people on both sides. Players, students, alumni, and fans failed to adopt the new name, and even media outlets such as Sports Illustrated[24] and NBC[19] continued to refer to the rivalry as the Border War.

Points system

Border Showdown
Missouri (8) Kansas (2)
2003, 2005
2007, 2008
2009, 2010, 2011, 2012
2004, 2006

Beginning in the 2002–2003 season, the series was memorialized in a sponsored contest, under which points were awarded for athletic contests between the two schools. Only sports where both schools compete are eligible for the contests, and because Kansas fields fewer teams than Missouri, several of Missouri's sports (such as gymnastics, men's swimming and wrestling) do not count in the Border Showdown statistics. Bonus points are awarded for matchups that take place in post-season competition (Big 12 or NCAA tournaments). Between 0.5 and 3.0 points are awarded per matchup, with approximately 24–27 matchups taking place per academic year. The Border Showdown moniker is applied most publicly to the annual football and basketball games. Missouri ended the Showdown series with an 8–2 lead.[25]

The results of the Border Showdown are as follows:[25]

2002–03 MU 32, KU 8.5
2003–04 KU 21.5, MU 18.5
2004–05 MU 22.5, KU 17.5
2005–06 KU 23, MU 17
2006–07 MU 25, KU 14
2007–08 MU 24, KU 15
2008–09 MU 23, KU 17
2009–10 MU 23, KU 16.5
2010–11 MU 23, KU 16
2011–12 MU 31.5, KU 8

Football

The football series is the second-most-played rivalry in Division IA (FBS) football history, with 120 games played. The teams first met in football on October 31, 1891. There have been 9 ties in the 120 games played.[26][27] Through the end of the 2013 season Missouri holds an all-time record of 642–534–53 (.545), 15 conference titles, 30 bowls, and a bowl record of 14–16. Kansas football holds a record of 576–589–58 (.494), 8 conference titles, 12 bowls and a bowl record of 6–6.

The 2007 Border War game between Missouri and Kansas at Arrowhead Stadium
Kansas Jayhawks vs. Missouri Tigers at Arrowhead Stadium on November 29, 2008.

Indian War Drum

The winner of the football game receives the informally arranged Indian War Drum traveling trophy.[32]

The drum trophy originated in 1937 when MU's Kansas City Alumni Association in cooperation with the Kansas University Lettermen's Association decided to present an authentic Indian tom-tom drum each Thanksgiving to the winner of the Kansas-Missouri football game. The decision was finalized at annual Homecoming luncheon of the M Men's Club at Rothwell Gymnasium on November 13, 1937. The MU Kansas City Alumni Association made arrangements for the drum to be built by Osage Indians, because they were more representative of the two states than any other tribe.[33] The drum remained in Missouri's possession for the first few years until the trophy was briefly forgotten during war time. The tradition resumed on an annual basis in 1947, and the MU and KU circles of Omicron Delta Kappa served as caretakers of the drum throughout most of its history.[34][35]

When the trophy disappeared in the 1980s, the Taos Indians of New Mexico built a new one. The original trophy was later recovered in a Read Hall basement in Columbia under a pile of boxes and it is now in the College Football Hall of Fame.

In 1999, at the urging of Kansas the drum was replaced again with a bass drum and the second drum became the property of the Mizzou Alumni Association.

The Kansas and Missouri athletics and alumni associations’ logos are on opposite ends. While in Missouri the Alumni Association Student Board now keep the trophy. While in Kansas it is now kept by the Student Alumni Association in the Booth Family Hall of Fame there.

Lamar Hunt trophy

Beginning with the 2007 game at Arrowhead, the winner also receives the Lamar Hunt Trophy, in honor of the late Chiefs owner who long envisioned bringing the Border War to Arrowhead.[36] This should not be confused with the Lamar Hunt Trophy which is presented to the NFL's AFC champions every year.

1960 controversy

Although 57–54–9 for MU is the often stated series result, there is an ongoing dispute about whether the 1960 game should have been counted as a win for Kansas, leaving MU in the lead 56–55–9. The Big 8 retroactively forfeited the win to Missouri due to Kansas player Bert Coan being voted ineligible following the 1960 season. The record books of the University of Kansas, and the NCAA, state the record as a win for Kansas, fueling the controversy. Several other publications have referenced the series record more to the favor of Kansas due to the NCAA official record books record of the game as well as Kansas actually winning the game on the field.[26][37][38]

Going into the 1960 game, Missouri (9–0, #1 nationally ranked) was known for their very stingy defense that, until giving up 19 points to Oklahoma the week before the Border War match-up, had not allowed a team to reach double digits all season. They boasted three shutouts. Their offense relied heavily on a wide sweep to the right with speedsters Norris Stevenson and Mel West in the backfield. It was run out of a combination of the T-formation and the old Single Wing.[39] The term “student body right” is often used to describe the USC sweep play in the mid to late 1960s, but that phrase was created to describe Missouri’s wide sweep.[40] Kansas (6–2, ranked #11, with their 2 losses coming to #1 Syracuse, 14–7, and at #1 Iowa, 21–7) was making history that day by becoming the first team to face three #1 teams in the same season. Kansas had a pretty good defense of their own, surrendering a mere 9.1 points per game with two shutouts that season. Kansas was also loaded in the backfield. Even without Coan, Kansas' backfield consisted of three future NFL draft picks: two-time All-American John Hadl at QB had led the Big 8 in all-purpose yardage as a RB in the 1959 season; halfback Curtis McClinton (three-time All-Big 8), and Doyle Schick at fullback.[41]

On November 19, 1960, in front of a then record crowd of 43,000 in Columbia, Kansas won the game against Missouri by a score of 23–7. The defenses lived up to their billing, leading to a scoreless tie at the half. Kansas had threatened twice in the first half, but had turned the ball over on downs after Missouri’s defense made a formidable goal line stand. Later, after advancing to Missouri's 12, Missouri’s defense again tightened, sacking Hadl for a huge loss, and Kansas missed the ensuing FG. Missouri never threatened on offense in the first half. The Kansas defense was keying hard on the sweep. In fact, it wasn’t until midway through the 3rd quarter that Missouri was even able to achieve a first down. Even then, Missouri didn't achieve their 2nd first down until the fourth quarter. Kansas scored first in the second half with a field goal. Then, after a Missouri fumble deep in Tiger territory, Hadl hit Coan on a TD pass. Near the end of the 3rd, Kansas went on the games only sustained drive by either team, 69 yards on 13 plays. It was capped with a 2-yard TD run by Coan. Missouri finally got on the board with 5:24 remaining in the game, making the score 17–7. The final Kansas touchdown came after KU picked off a desperation Missouri pass, and then passed for a score with less than a minute left.[39] Coan clearly played a role in the Kansas victory with 2 touchdowns and 67 yards on 9 carries, but many believe it was the Kansas defense that was the deciding factor. Missouri Coach Dan Devine stated "the better team won",[41] but also cited Coan as a key factor in the game.

Kansas was awarded the Big 8 championship following the game. However, on December 8, 1960, the Big 8 retroactively forfeited the game and the Big 8 Championship to Missouri due to the Big 8 voting Bert Coan ineligible, on a 5–3 vote.

The background to this ruling was as follows. Coan had transferred to KU in the fall of 1959 from TCU after a reported disagreement with the TCU trainer-track coach.[42] At TCU's urging, the NCAA investigated the matter and it was revealed Coan had taken a plane trip to an all-star game in the summer of 1959, paid for by KU donor and AFL co-founder Bud Adams. On October 26, 1960, KU was placed on 1 year NCAA probation because the NCAA declared that KU alumni indulged in illegal recruiting practices consisting of "excessive entertainment" in the recruitment of Coan. Adams denied he took Coan to the game as a recruit. Initially, Coan also denied any impropriety in his transfer to KU, but later in a 2007 interview he admitted he had indeed been illegally recruited by Adams.[43] No KU officials were ever found to be directly involved in the ordeal.[42][43] While Coan was not ruled ineligible by the NCAA, the NCAA finding triggered questions of Coan's eligibility in light of conference rules. One conference rule banned off-campus recruiting trips; another rule specified that any athlete recruited in violation of the ban would be ineligible.[39] After KU was placed on NCAA probation, KU received a phone call from the University of Nebraska, their next conference opponent, questioning Coan's eligibility. It is alleged Nebraska had earlier received a letter from Missouri's Don Faurot concerning Coan. KU sought to obtain a ruling from the conference at that time, but was instead told the matter would be taken up at the post-season conference meeting. KU took the position that the NCAA had mistakenly concluded Coan was a prospective student-athlete at the time of the trip with Adams, and thus there had been no infraction of conference rules. Coan did not play in KU's game against Nebraska however, due to injury.[41]

At the post-season conference meeting in December, allegedly at the behest of MU's Don Faurot,[41] but in accordance with the conference's response to KU's inquiry in November, the Big 8 faculty committee took up the issue of Bert Coan. Based upon the NCAA's ruling that a representative of KU's athletic interests, Bud Adams, had transported Coan from his home in Texas to Chicago to view a football all-star game,[44] the conference's ruling committee ruled, by a vote of 5–3, that KU had violated a conference ban on off-campus recruiting. By conference rule, any student-athlete that was recruited in violation of this ban was automatically ineligible. The committee accordingly took up the matter of the period in which Coan would be ineligible. The committee initially defeated two separate motions to declare Coan ineligible for the entire 1961 season, before finally declaring him ineligible for a period of one year starting from the date of the NCAA finding by a vote of 6–2. The Big 8 then ordered KU to forfeit the two games in which Coan had played following the NCAA finding (versus Colorado and Missouri). By virtue of the forfeits, the conference championship was awarded to Missouri.

Despite the Big 8's official ruling on the matter, the reactions from many on all sides were not in agreement with the Big 8 committee in the end. When asked at the Look All-America gathering in New York City Missouri All-American, Danny LaRose said, "It'll always be a 9–1 season as far as I'm concerned. And I think the other players will feel that way, too."[45] However, LaRose also expressed his admiration of the Big Eight “for standing up for what was right – enforcing its own rules.” Also at the gathering, Colorado All-American guard Joe Romig echoed similar feelings when he said, "I don't care what the NCAA or the Big Eight does. We lost the game at Kansas. Nothing will change that."[45] Meanwhile, Kansas All-American quarterback John Hadl expressed more concern about his teammate when asked at the All-America gathering and had this to say, "He's a good guy. I hope it doesn't hit him too hard."[45] Missouri head coach Dan Devine expressed his apparent disappointment in the process adopted by the Big 8 when he said, "This is the worst thing that could happen in inter-collegiate athletics. I mean the fact that they were playing a boy not knowing he was ineligible. That should have been determined before he played."[45] For his part then executive secretary of the Big 8, Reaves Peters, said the case was the "toughest case to come before us in history."[41]

KU protested the Big 8 conference ruling primarily on the basis that Coan was not recruited during his trip with the KU booster.[46] Despite the fact that Coan later admitted he had been recruited to KU during the trip, thus invalidating KU's objection, KU continues to defy the conference ruling in claiming the game as a win.[47]

In documenting the game as a win, MU adheres to the Conference determination. KU relies on the actual on the field results of the game as well as the record keeping by the NCAA, which never ruled on the Conference determination one way or the other. Colorado does not count this forfeit as a win in their record books.[48] Kansas fans also cite a 1999 NCAA subcommittee to defend KU's position, where the subcommittee stated that "forfeited contests do not count as a loss and that the game will stand as played on the field."[49] While KU claims the MU game as a win, they do not claim the conference championship that the conference also ordered them to forfeit.

Ultimately the on-field loss to Kansas cost Missouri the 1960 national championship. The final AP poll was released one week after the game (before the decision was made to force Kansas to forfeit) and the 8–1 Minnesota Golden Gophers took Missouri's spot at number one in the poll, giving them the AP National Championship. Missouri went on to finish the 1960 season 11–0 (10–1) including a win over Navy in the Orange Bowl, while Minnesota finished 8–2 with a loss in the Rose Bowl.[50]

Football game results

Kansas victoriesMissouri victoriesTies / Forfeits / Vacated wins
#DateLocationWinnerScore
1 October 31, 1891 Kansas City, MO Kansas 22–10
2 November 24, 1892 Kansas City, MO Kansas 12–4
3 November 29, 1893 Kansas City, MO Missouri 12–4
4 November 29, 1894 Kansas City, MO Kansas 18–12
5 November 28, 1895 Kansas City, MO Missouri 10–6
6 November 26, 1896 Kansas City, MO Kansas 30–0
7 November 25, 1897 Kansas City, MO Kansas 16–0
8 November 24, 1898 Kansas City, MO Kansas 12–0
9 November 30, 1899 Kansas City, MO Kansas 34–6
10 November 29, 1900 Kansas City, MO Tie6–6
11 November 28, 1901 Kansas City, MO Missouri 18–12
12 November 29, 1902 Kansas City, MO Kansas 17–5
13 November 26, 1903 Kansas City, MO Kansas 5–0
14 November 25, 1904 Kansas City, MO Kansas 29–0
15 November 30, 1905 Kansas City, MO Kansas 24–0
16 November 29, 1906 Kansas City, MO Tie0–0
17 November 28, 1907 St. Joseph, MO Kansas 4–0
18 November 28, 1908 Kansas City, MO Kansas 10–4
19 November 25, 1909 Kansas City, MO Missouri 12–6
20 November 24, 1910 Kansas City, MO Tie5–5
21 November 25, 1911 Columbia, MO Tie3–3
22 November 23, 1912 Lawrence, KS Kansas 12–3
23 November 22, 1913 Columbia, MO Missouri 3–0
24 November 21, 1914 Columbia, MO Missouri 10–7
25 November 25, 1915 Columbia, MO Kansas 8–6
26 November 30, 1916 Lawrence, KS Missouri 13–0
27 November 29, 1917 Lawrence, KS Kansas 27–3
28 November 29, 1919 Lawrence, KS Missouri 13–6
29 November 27, 1920 Columbia, MO Missouri 16–7
30 November 24, 1921 Lawrence, KS Kansas 15–9
31 November 30, 1922 Columbia, MO Missouri 9–7
32 November 29, 1923 Lawrence, KS Tie3–3
33 November 27, 1924 Columbia, MO Missouri 14–0
34 November 21, 1925 Lawrence, KS Kansas 10–7
35 November 20, 1926 Columbia, MO Missouri 15–0
36 November 19, 1927 Lawrence, KS Kansas 14–7
37 November 24, 1928 Columbia, MO Missouri 25–6
38 November 23, 1929 Lawrence, KS Missouri 7–0
39 November 22, 1930 Columbia, MO Kansas 32–0
40 November 21, 1931 Lawrence, KS Kansas 14–0
41 November 12, 1932 Columbia, MO Kansas 7–0
42 November 30, 1933 Lawrence, KS Kansas 27–0
43 November 29, 1934 Columbia, MO Kansas 20–0
44 November 28, 1935 Lawrence, KS Tie0–0
45 November 26, 1936 Columbia, MO Missouri 19–2
46 November 25, 1937 Lawrence, KS Tie0–0
47 November 24, 1938 Columbia, MO Missouri 13–7
48 November 25, 1939 Lawrence, KS Missouri 20–0
49 November 21, 1940 Columbia, MO Missouri 45–20
50 November 22, 1941 Lawrence, KS Missouri 45–6
51 November 26, 1942 Columbia, MO Missouri 42–13
52 November 20, 1943 Lawrence, KS Kansas 20–9
53 November 23, 1944 Kansas City, MO Missouri 28–0
54 November 24, 1945 Kansas City, MO Missouri 33–12
55 November 28, 1946 Columbia, MO Kansas 20–19
56 November 22, 1947 Lawrence, KS Kansas 20–14
57 November 25, 1948 Columbia, MO Missouri 21–7
58 November 19, 1949 Lawrence, KS Missouri 34–28
59 November 23, 1950 Columbia, MO Missouri 20–6
60 December 1, 1951 Lawrence, KS Kansas 41–28
61 November 22, 1952 Columbia, MO Missouri 20–19
#DateLocationWinnerScore
62 November 21, 1953 Lawrence, KS Missouri 10–6
63 November 20, 1954 Columbia, MO Missouri 41–18
64 November 19, 1955 Lawrence, KS Kansas 13–7
65 December 1, 1956 Columbia, MO Missouri 15–13
66 November 23, 1957 Lawrence, KS Kansas 9–7
67 November 22, 1958 Columbia, MO Tie13–13
68 November 21, 1959 Lawrence, KS Missouri 13–9
69 November 19, 1960 Columbia, MO Kansas 23–7
70 November 25, 1961 Lawrence, KS Missouri 10–7
71 November 24, 1962 Columbia, MO Tie3–3
72 November 23, 1963 Lawrence, KS Missouri 9–6
73 November 21, 1964 Columbia, MO Missouri 34–14
74 November 20, 1965 Lawrence, KS Missouri 44–20
75 November 19, 1966 Columbia, MO Missouri 7–0
76 November 25, 1967 Lawrence, KS Kansas 17–6
77 November 23, 1968 Columbia, MO Kansas 21–19
78 November 22, 1969 Lawrence, KS Missouri 69–21
79 November 21, 1970 Columbia, MO Missouri 28–17
80 November 20, 1971 Lawrence, KS Kansas 7–2
81 November 25, 1972 Columbia, MO Kansas 28–17
82 November 24, 1973 Lawrence, KS Kansas 14–13
83 November 23, 1974 Columbia, MO Missouri 27–3
84 November 22, 1975 Lawrence, KS Kansas 42–24
85 November 20, 1976 Columbia, MO Kansas 41–14
86 November 19, 1977 Lawrence, KS Kansas 24–22
87 November 11, 1978 Columbia, MO Missouri 48–0
88 November 24, 1979 Lawrence, KS Missouri 55–7
89 November 22, 1980 Columbia, MO Missouri 31–6
90 November 21, 1981 Lawrence, KS Kansas 19–11
91 November 20, 1982 Columbia, MO Missouri 16–10
92 November 19, 1983 Lawrence, KS Kansas 37–27
93 November 17, 1984 Columbia, MO Kansas 35–21
94 November 23, 1985 Lawrence, KS Kansas 34–20
95 November 22, 1986 Columbia, MO Missouri 48–0
96 November 21, 1987 Columbia, MO Missouri 19–7
97 November 19, 1988 Lawrence, KS Missouri 55–17
98 November 18, 1989 Columbia, MO Kansas 46–44
99 November 17, 1990 Lawrence, KS Missouri 31–21
100 November 23, 1991 Lawrence, KS Kansas 53–29
101 November 21, 1992 Columbia, MO Missouri 22–17
102 November 20, 1993 Lawrence, KS Kansas 28–0
103 November 19, 1994 Columbia, MO Kansas 31–14
104 November 4, 1995 Lawrence, KS Kansas 42–23
105 November 23, 1996 Columbia, MO Missouri 42–25
106 September 13, 1997 Lawrence, KS Kansas 15–7
107 September 12, 1998 Columbia, MO Missouri 41–23
108 October 23, 1999 Lawrence, KS Kansas 21–0
109 October 14, 2000 Columbia, MO Kansas 38–17
110 October 20, 2001 Lawrence, KS Missouri 38–34
111 October 26, 2002 Columbia, MO Missouri 36–12
112 September 27, 2003 Lawrence, KS Kansas 35–14
113 November 20, 2004 Columbia, MO Kansas 31–14
114 October 29, 2005 Lawrence, KS Kansas 13–3
115 November 25, 2006 Columbia, MO Missouri 42–17
116 November 24, 2007 Kansas City, MO Missouri 36–28
117 November 29, 2008 Kansas City, MO Kansas 40–37
118 November 28, 2009 Kansas City, MO Missouri 41–39
119 November 27, 2010 Kansas City, MO Missouri 35–7
120 November 26, 2011 Kansas City, MO Missouri 24–10
Series: Missouri leads 57–54–9
† The Big 8 forfeited the 1960 game to Missouri.

Basketball

Kansas leads the all-time series, 172–95.

Notable games

Basketball game results

Kansas victoriesMissouri victoriesTie games
#DateLocationWinnerScore
1 March 11, 1907 Columbia, MO Missouri 34–31
2 March 12, 1907 Columbia, MO Missouri 34–12
3 February 4, 1908 Lawrence, KS Kansas 21–20
4 February 5, 1908 Lawrence, KS Kansas 24–18
5 February 17, 1908 Columbia, MO Kansas 30–19
6 February 18, 1908 Columbia, MO Kansas 26–22
7 February 3, 1909 Lawrence, KS Kansas 24–15
8 February 4, 1909 Lawrence, KS Kansas 31–23
9 February 12, 1909 Columbia, MO Kansas 24–19
10 February 13, 1909 Columbia, MO Missouri 37–21
11 February 11, 1910 Lawrence, KS Kansas 29–15
12 February 12, 1910 Lawrence, KS Kansas 27–14
13 February 21, 1910 Columbia, MO Kansas 25–21
14 February 22, 1910 Columbia, MO Kansas 58–22
15 January 27, 1911 Lawrence, KS Kansas 34–28
16 January 28, 1911 Lawrence, KS Kansas 27–15
17 February 17, 1911 Columbia, MO Kansas 32–16
18 February 18, 1911 Columbia, MO Kansas 36–25
19 February 9, 1912 Lawrence, KS Kansas 27–16
20 February 10, 1912 Lawrence, KS Kansas 31–21
21 February 21, 1912 Columbia, MO Kansas 39–24
22 February 22, 1912 Columbia, MO Kansas 32–26
23 February 14, 1913 Lawrence, KS Kansas 22–12
24 February 15, 1913 Lawrence, MO Kansas 34–20
25 February 26, 1913 Columbia, MO Missouri 26–20
26 February 27, 1913 Columbia, MO Kansas 34–26
27 February 11, 1914 Columbia, MO Kansas 28–25
28 February 12, 1914 Columbia, MO Kansas 27–21
29 February 25, 1914 Lawrence, KS Kansas 38–22
30 February 26, 1914 Lawrence, KS Kansas 31–18
31 February 19, 1915 Lawrence, KS Kansas 44–19
32 February 20, 1915 Lawrence, KS Kansas 42–23
33 February 24, 1915 Columbia, MO Kansas 33–22
34 February 25, 1915 Columbia, MO Kansas 40–26
35 February 9, 1916 Columbia, MO Missouri 30–24
36 February 10, 1916 Columbia, MO Missouri 42–20
37 February 28, 1916 Lawrence, KS Missouri 41–10
38 February 29, 1916 Lawrence, KS Kansas 31–19
39 February 6, 1917 Lawrence, KS Kansas 24–23
40 February 7, 1917 Lawrence, KS Missouri 26–17
41 February 21, 1917 Columbia, MO Missouri 24–20
42 February 22, 1917 Columbia, MO Missouri 38–15
43 February 4, 1918 Lawrence, KS Missouri 36–22
44 February 5, 1918 Lawrence, KS Missouri 25–21
45 February 20, 1918 Columbia, MO Missouri 39–21
46 February 21, 1918 Columbia, MO Kansas 28–23
47 January 31, 1919 Lawrence, KS Missouri 43–25
48 February 1, 1919 Lawrence, KS Missouri 37–15
49 February 19, 1919 Columbia, MO Missouri 34–20
50 February 20, 1919 Columbia, MO Kansas 36–29
51 January 22, 1920 Lawrence, KS Missouri 32–27
52 January 23, 1920 Lawrence, KS Missouri 38–16
53 February 18, 1920 Columbia, MO Missouri 36–21
54 February 19, 1920 Columbia, MO Missouri 31–13
55 January 28, 1921 Columbia, MO Missouri 27–22
56 January 29, 1921 Columbia, MO Missouri 28–21
57 February 25, 1921 Lawrence, KS Missouri 33–17
58 February 26, 1921 Lawrence, KS Missouri 41–30
59 January 24, 1922 Lawrence, KS Missouri 35–25
60 February 21, 1922 Columbia, MO Kansas 26–16
61 January 16, 1923 Columbia, MO Kansas 21–19
62 February 28, 1923 Lawrence, KS Kansas 33–20
63 January 29, 1924 Lawrence, KS Kansas 16–14
64 March 1, 1924 Columbia, MO Kansas 30–17
65 March 26, 1924 Kansas City, MO Kansas 15–14
66 February 14, 1925 Columbia, MO Kansas 23–22
67 February 28, 1925 Lawrence, KS Kansas 33–17
68 January 22, 1926 Lawrence, KS Kansas 24–15
69 February 22, 1926 Columbia, MO Kansas 27–22
70 January 29, 1927 Columbia, MO Kansas 40–23
71 March 2, 1927 Lawrence, KS Kansas 36–29
72 January 10, 1928 Lawrence, KS Missouri 30–22
73 February 21, 1928 Columbia, MO Missouri 49–29
74 December 22, 1928 Kansas City, MO Missouri 38–31
75 January 15, 1929 Columbia, MO Missouri 34–30
76 February 20, 1929 Lawrence, KS Missouri 33–20
77 December 21, 1929 Kansas City, MO Kansas 17–12
78 February 21, 1930 Columbia, MO Missouri 29–18
79 March 5, 1930 Lawrence, KS Missouri 23–18
80 December 20, 1930 Kansas City, MO Kansas 40–26
81 January 29, 1931 Lawrence, KS Kansas 31–13
82 February 27, 1931 Columbia, MO Missouri 26–19
83 January 30, 1932 Columbia, MO Missouri 26–22
84 February 20, 1932 Lawrence, KS Kansas 24–16
85 January 19, 1933 Lawrence, KS Kansas 35–27
86 February 11, 1933 Columbia, MO Missouri 21–17
87 January 16, 1934 Columbia, MO Kansas 27–25
88 March 6, 1934 Lawrence, KS Kansas 23–21
89 January 7, 1935 Lawrence, KS Kansas 39–29
90 January 8, 1935 Lawrence, KS Kansas 36–27
91 March 1, 1935 Columbia, MO Missouri 23–21
92 March 2, 1935 Columbia, MO Missouri 21–18
93 January 15, 1936 Columbia, MO Kansas 29–25
94 March 6, 1936 Lawrence, KS Kansas 51–28
95 January 16, 1937 Lawrence, KS Kansas 39–27
96 March 4, 1937 Columbia, MO Kansas 39–24
97 January 19, 1938 Columbia, MO Kansas 37–32
98 March 3, 1938 Lawrence, KS Kansas 56–36
99 January 18, 1939 Lawrence, KS Kansas 37–32
100 March 2, 1939 Columbia, MO Missouri 53–30
101 January 18, 1940 Columbia, MO Missouri 42–31
102 March 1, 1940 Lawrence, KS Kansas 42–40
103 January 16, 1941 Lawrence, KS Kansas 48–41
104 February 21, 1941 Columbia, MO Kansas 35–24
105 January 14, 1942 Columbia, MO Kansas 48–34
106 March 6, 1942 Lawrence, KS Kansas 67–44
107 January 6, 1943 Lawrence, KS Kansas 69–44
108 March 2, 1943 Columbia, MO Kansas 47–44
109 December 30, 1943 Kansas City, MO Kansas 34–27
110 January 8, 1944 Columbia, MO Missouri 35–28
111 February 26, 1944 Lawrence, KS Kansas 40–27
112 December 23, 1944 Kansas City, MO Missouri 48–39
113 January 5, 1945 Columbia, MO Kansas 45–28
114 February 24, 1945 Lawrence, KS Kansas 64–33
115 December 15, 1945 Kansas City, MO Kansas 59–35
116 January 7, 1946 Lawrence, KS Kansas 48–36
117 February 22, 1946 Columbia, MO Kansas 50–34
118 January 8, 1947 Lawrence, KS Missouri 39–34
119 March 7, 1947 Columbia, MO Kansas 48–38
120 January 17, 1948 Columbia, MO Kansas 58–46
121 February 9, 1948 Lawrence, KS Missouri 42–39
122 December 28, 1948 Kansas City, MO Kansas 62–50
123 January 11, 1949 Lawrence, KS Kansas 42–35
124 February 15, 1949 Columbia, MO Kansas 55–37
125 January 14, 1950 Columbia, MO Kansas 48–44
126 February 17, 1950 Lawrence, KS Kansas 59–52
127 January 8, 1951 Lawrence, KS Kansas 61–46
128 February 12, 1951 Columbia, MO Missouri 39–38
129 December 30, 1951 Kansas City, MO Kansas 75–65
130 January 12, 1952 Columbia, MO Kansas 60–59
131 February 25, 1952 Lawrence, KS Kansas 65–54
132 December 29, 1952 Kansas City, MO Kansas 66–62
133 February 7, 1953 Lawrence, KS Kansas 86–62
134 March 12, 1953 Columbia, MO Kansas 69–60
135 December 29, 1953 Kansas City, MO Kansas 69–67
#DateLocationWinnerScore
136 January 9, 1954 Lawrence, KS Kansas 86–69
137 March 9, 1954 Columbia, MO Missouri 76–67
138 January 4, 1955 Lawrence, KS Missouri 76–65
139 March 5, 1955 Columbia, MO Missouri 90–71
140 December 29, 1955 Kansas City, MO Kansas 73–56
141 January 9, 1956 Columbia, MO Missouri 76–54
142 February 6, 1956 Lawrence, KS Missouri 85–78
143 January 5, 1957 Lawrence, KS Kansas 92–78
144 February 16, 1957 Columbia, MO Kansas 91–58
145 January 18, 1958 Columbia, MO Kansas 68–54
146 February 17, 1958 Lawrence, KS Kansas 84–69
147 December 30, 1958 Kansas City, MO Kansas 84–73
148 January 10, 1959 Columbia, MO Kansas 69–62
149 February 23, 1959 Lawrence, KS Kansas 85–81
150 January 16, 1960 Lawrence, KS Kansas 79–63
151 February 27, 1960 Columbia, MO Kansas 85–72
152 February 13, 1961 Lawrence, KS Kansas 88–73
153 March 11, 1961 Columbia, MO Missouri 79–76
154 January 13, 1962 Columbia, MO Kansas 65–54
155 February 5, 1962 Lawrence, KS Missouri 79–66
156 January 14, 1963 Columbia, MO Missouri 62–56
157 March 1, 1963 Lawrence, KS Kansas 72–68
158 December 30, 1963 Kansas City, MO Missouri 63–61
159 February 4, 1964 Lawrence, KS Missouri 59–58
160 February 17, 1964 Columbia, MO Missouri 68–60
161 January 9, 1965 Lawrence, KS Kansas 73–66
162 February 8, 1965 Columbia, MO Kansas 71–60
163 February 5, 1966 Columbia, MO Kansas 77–54
164 February 15, 1966 Lawrence, KS Kansas 98–54
165 January 14, 1967 Columbia, MO Kansas 70–60
166 February 25, 1967 Lawrence, KS Kansas 90–55
167 December 30, 1967 Kansas City, MO Kansas 63–47
168 January 15, 1968 Lawrence, KS Missouri 67–66
169 February 20, 1968 Columbia, MO Missouri 74–65
170 January 11, 1969 Columbia, MO Missouri 47–46
171 February 15, 1969 Lawrence, KS Missouri 56–55
172 January 5, 1970 Columbia, MO Missouri 56–53
173 February 23, 1970 Lawrence, KS Kansas 63–45
174 December 26, 1970 Kansas City, MO Kansas 96–63
175 February 20, 1971 Lawrence, KS Kansas 85–66
176 March 8, 1971 Columbia, MO Kansas 71–69
177 February 1, 1972 Columbia, MO Missouri 64–60
178 February 26, 1972 Lawrence, KS Kansas 93–80
179 January 20, 1973 Columbia, MO Missouri 75–72
180 February 27, 1973 Lawrence, KS Missouri 79–63
181 January 29, 1974 Columbia, MO Kansas 80–67
182 March 9, 1974 Lawrence, KS Kansas 112–76
183 January 18, 1975 Lawrence, KS Kansas 91–86
184 February 19, 1975 Columbia, MO Missouri 87–72
185 December 30 1975 Kansas City, MO Missouri 79–69
186 January 17, 1976 Columbia, MO Missouri 99–69
187 January 18, 1976 Lawrence, KS Missouri 61–60
188 December 30, 1976 Kansas City, MO Missouri 69–65
189 January 8, 1977 Lawrence, KS Kansas 77–72
190 February 9, 1977 Columbia, MO Missouri 87–79
191 December 28, 1977 Kanas City, MO Kansas 96–49
192 January 7, 1978 Columbia, MO Kansas 71–67
193 February 8, 1978 Lawrence, KS Kansas 72–52
194 January 17, 1979 Lawrence, KS Missouri 58–55
195 February 7, 1979 Columbia, MO Kansas 88–85
196 March 2, 1979 Kansas City, MO Kansas 76–73
197 January 9, 1980 Lawrence, KS Kansas 69–66
198 February 9, 1980 Columbia, MO Missouri 88–65
199 February 29, 1980 Kansas City, MO Kansas 80–71
200 January 21, 1981 Lawrence, KS Kansas 63–55
201 February 9, 1981 Columbia, MO Missouri 79–65
202 March 6, 1981 Kansas City, MO Kansas 75–70
203 January 20, 1982 Columbia, MO Missouri 41–35
204 February 9, 1982 Lawrence, KS Missouri 42–41
205 January 26, 1983 Lawrence, KS Missouri 76–63
206 February 17, 1983 Columbia, MO Missouri 74–69
207 January 18, 1984 Lawrence, KS Kansas 73–56
208 February 18, 1984 Columbia, MO Kansas 72–62
209 January 22, 1985 Lawrence, KS Kansas 70–68
210 February 12, 1985 Columbia, MO Missouri 62–55
211 January 23, 1986 Columbia, MO Kansas 81–77
212 February 11, 1986 Lawrence, KS Kansas 100–66
213 January 20, 1987 Lawrence, KS Kansas 71–70
214 February 11, 1987 Columbia, MO Missouri 63–60
215 March 8, 1987 Kansas City, MO Missouri 67–65
216 January 9, 1988 Lawrence, KS Kansas 78–74
217 February 27, 1988 Columbia, MO Kansas 82–77
218 February 1, 1989 Lawrence, KS Missouri 91–66
219 February 11, 1989 Columbia, MO Missouri 93–80
220 January 20, 1990 Columbia, MO Missouri 95–87
221 February 13, 1990 Lawrence, KS Missouri 77–71
222 January 19, 1991 Lawrence, KS Kansas 91–64
223 February 12, 1991 Columbia, MO Kansas 74–70
224 January 13, 1992 Columbia, MO Kansas 92–80
225 March 8, 1992 Lawrence, KS Kansas 97–89
226 February 1, 1993 Lawrence, KS Kansas 86–69
227 February 13, 1993 Columbia, MO Kansas 67–63
228 January 31, 1994 Columbia, MO Missouri 79–67
229 February 20, 1994 Lawrence, KS Missouri 81–74
230 January 9, 1995 Columbia, MO Kansas 102–89
231 February 25, 1995 Lawrence, KS Kansas 88–69
232 February 10, 1996 Columbia, MO Missouri 77–73
233 February 26, 1996 Lawrence, KS Kansas 87–65
234 February 4, 1997 Columbia, MO Missouri 96–94
235 February 17, 1997 Lawrence, KS Kansas 79–67
236 March 9, 1997 Kansas City, MO Kansas 87–60
237 January 19, 1998 Columbia, MO Missouri 74–73
238 February 8, 1998 Lawrence, KS Kansas 80–70
239 January 11, 1999 Columbia, MO Kansas 73–61
240 January 24, 1999 Lawrence, KS Missouri 71–63
241 January 22, 2000 Columbia, MO Missouri 81–59
242 March 5, 2000 Lawrence, KS Kansas 83–82
243 January 29, 2001 Columbia, MO Missouri 75–66
244 March 4, 2001 Lawrence, KS Kansas 75–59
245 January 28, 2002 Lawrence, KS Kansas 105–73
246 March 3, 2002 Columbia, MO Kansas 95–92
247 February 3, 2003 Lawrence, KS Kansas 76–70
248 March 9, 2003 Columbia, MO Kansas 79–74
249 March 15, 2003 Dallas, Texas Missouri 68–63
250 February 2, 2004 Lawrence, KS Kansas 65–56
251 March 7, 2004 Columbia, MO Kansas 84–82
252 March 15, 2004 Dallas, TX Kansas 94–69
253 January 31, 2005 Lawrence, KS Kansas 73–61
254 March 6, 2005 Columbia, MO Missouri 72–68
255 January 16, 2006 Columbia, MO Missouri 89–86
256 February 18, 2006 Lawrence, KS Kansas 79–46
257 January 15, 2007 Lawrence, KS Kansas 80–77
258 February 10, 2007 Columbia, MO Kansas 92–74
259 January 19, 2008 Columbia, MO Kansas 76–70
260 February 4, 2008 Lawrence, KS Kansas 90–71
261 February 9, 2009 Columbia, MO Missouri 62–60
262 March 1, 2009 Lawrence, KS Kansas 90–65
263 January 25, 2010 Lawrence, KS Kansas 84–65
264 March 6, 2010 Columbia, MO Kansas 77–56
265 February 7, 2011 Lawrence, KS Kansas 103–86
266 March 5, 2011 Columbia, MO Kansas 70–66
267 February 4, 2012 Columbia, MO Missouri 74–71
268 February 25, 2012 Lawrence, KS Kansas 87–86
Series: Kansas leads 172–96

Source:[51]

Baseball

MU currently leads the baseball series, although the series history is disputed by the two schools. The KU media guide shows that the first game played between the two schools was in 1899,[52] while the first recorded game in the MU media guide was in 1901 (the MU guide lists the entire 1899 season as "unknown").[53] The KU media guide lists the series with MU ahead 195–121–2[54] while the MU media guide lists the tigers ahead 212–123–2.[55] In 2007, the Jayhawks and Tigers added a non-conference game against each other in addition their three-game regular season Big 12 series. The non-conference game was scheduled to be played at Kauffman Stadium in Kansas City, Missouri, home of Major League Baseball's Kansas City Royals. However, the initial meeting was cancelled due to rain. The teams did meet at Kauffman Stadium in 2008, with Kansas winning 3–0.[56] In the 2009 meeting at Kauffman Stadium, Kansas again came away with the victory, 7–3. In the 2010 meeting, Kansas again prevailed, 1–0. In the 2011 meeting, Kansas won, 7–1.

Post Big 12 Meetings

The teams have played against each other six times since Missouri moved to the SEC, once in golf (2012 Golfweek Conference Challenge), three times in softball, once in women's soccer, and once in women's volleyball. They have played head-to-head five times, in the 2014 NCAA Division I Softball Tournament second round, the 2014 NCAA Division I Women's Soccer College Cup first round, the 2015 NCAA Division I Softball Tournament Los Angeles Super Regional, and the 2015 NCAA Division I Women's Volleyball Tournament second round.[57][58]

Year Sport Home Away Location Tournament Ref
May 17, 2014 Softball Missouri (#15) 6 Kansas 3 Columbia 2014 NCAA Division I Softball Tournament [58]
Nov 16, 2014 Soccer Kansas 1 Missouri 3 Lawrence 2014 NCAA Division I Women's Soccer College Cup [59]
May 16, 2015 Softball Missouri (#10) 5 Kansas 3 Columbia 2015 NCAA Division I Softball Tournament [60]
May 17, 2015 Softball Missouri (#10) 7 Kansas 6 Columbia 2015 NCAA Division I Softball Tournament [60]
December 4, 2015 Volleyball Kansas (#9) 3 Missouri 0 Lawrence 2015 NCAA Division I Women's Volleyball Tournament [61]
Total: 4–1, Missouri leads series

NOTE: For games played at a neutral location, KU is listed as the home team, even though this may not have been the case. This is simply due to lack of information on who was the official home team.

Conference Championships

Kansas 163 (plus 33 conference tournament titles)

58 – Men's Basketball (plus 26 conference tournament titles)
4 – Women's Basketball (plus 5 conference tournament titles)
8 – Football
4 – Baseball (plus 1 conference tournament title)
1 – Soccer
Softball (1 conference tournament title)
27 – Men's Indoor Track and Field
1 – Women's Indoor Track and Field
33 – Men's Outdoor Track and Field
1 – Women's Outdoor Track and Field
19 – Men's Cross Country
1 – Men's Golf
6 – Tennis

Missouri 65 (plus 11 conference tournament titles)

15 – Football
15 – Men's Basketball (plus 7 conference tournament titles)
15 – Men's Track and Field
15 – Baseball (plus 1 conference tournament title)
3 – Men's Cross Country
1 – Women's Cross Country
2 – Softball (plus 2 conference tournament titles)
1 – Soccer (plus 1 conference tournament title)
2 – Wrestling

National Championships

Kansas: 13 (most recent: 2013)

Basketball (Men) – 1922, 1923, 1952, 1988, 2008
Cross Country (Men) – 1953
Indoor Track (Men) – 1966, 1969, 1970
Outdoor Track (Men) – 1959, 1960, 1970
Outdoor Track (Women) – 2013

Missouri: 2 (most recent: 1965)

Baseball (Men) – 1954
Indoor Track and Field (Men) – 1965

See also

References

  1. Murphy, Austin (November 28, 2011). "Bordering On Hatred: Rivalry Week will once again deliver must-see matchups, but this year's Kansas-Missouri showdown is like no other: It may very well be the last". Sports Illustrated. Retrieved 2011-11-25.
  2. Dodds, Dennis. "Once Glorious Missouri-Kansas Rivalry Ends (For Now) Quietly." http://www.cbssports.com/collegefootball/story/16251303/onceglorious-missourikansas-rivalry-ends-for-now-quietly
  3. Butterfield, Kevin (November 23, 2007). "A Rivalry Born in Bloodshed Becomes Pivotal to the B.C.S". The New York Times.
  4. http://kcmetrosports.com/MetroSports-BorderWar.aspx
  5. 1 2 http://www.mcwm.org/history_mizzoukansas.html
  6. http://www.news.ku.edu/2011/october/25/borderconference.shtml
  7. Weber, Jennifer (2013). "William Quantrill Is My Homeboy", in "Bleeding Kansas, Bleeding Missouri, The Long Civil War on the Border". University Press of Kansas. pp. 259–271.
  8. Piontek, Keith (2015). "A College Sports Rivalry Like No Other", in "Missouri Historical Review". Vol. 110, No. 1: The State Historical Society of Missouri. pp. 22–46.
  9. Lawrence Western Home Journal; Lawrence, KS; December 9, 1875; Page 3. “The term ‘Jayhawker’ is a rival term to ‘Marauder.’ It is of similar import, and now threatens to displace its old ally from the vocabulary of western phrases.”
  10. John Russell Bartlett, Dictionary of Americanisms: A Glossary of Words and Phrases, Usually Regarded as Peculiar to the United States, Fourth Edition. Boston: Little, Brown, and Company. 1877. “Jayhawker: A cant (slang) name in the Western States for a lawless or other soldier not enlisted; a freebooting armed man; a guerilla.”
  11. The New York Times; January 1, 1893. “…our own (American) term for a lawless band who fight less for a cause than the sake of booty, ‘The Jayhawkers’…”
  12. Conrad, Howard L. Encyclopedia of the History of Missouri, Vol. III. The Southern History Company, New York, 1901. Page 422. “A name applied to a set of marauders and robbers in Kansas, who made the border counties of Missouri, the field of predatory raids during the slavery troubles of 1855–60. They were adherents of the Free State cause in Kansas, and acted on the assumption that the people of Missouri were their enemies, whom they had a perfect belligerent right to plunder at discretion.”
  13. Daniel E. Sutherland. Jayhawkers and Bushwackers. The Encylcopedia of Arkansas History and Culture. http://www.encyclopediaofarkansas.net “Jayhawker” originated in Kansas… Kansans liked the tough image it conveyed during those bloody days of pre-Civil War violence, and they continued to use it once the war began. Missourians applied the name to Kansans, too, but negatively. They thought it fit the destructive raiders who plundered and destroyed their property before and during the war…This usage was so widely known by the time of the war that Arkansans called any Kansas troops who entered the state jayhawkers… …Jayhawkers would always be linked to Kansas, but so notorious had the violence perpetrated by early Kansas raiders become that the nature of the deed, rather than any geographical place, came to define the name.”
  14. The Allen County Courant (Iola, Kansas), May 23, 1868; Vol. 2, No. 19. “Origin of the Word Jayhawking In Application to the People of Kansas. Incidents in the early History of the Territory."
  15. http://www.kuathletics.com/sports/2013/6/21/GEN_0621134707.aspx?
  16. The Missouri Alumnus. “Why M. U. Athletes are Called ‘Tigers”. Volume V, No. 11, pp. 189–190. March 2, 1917.
  17. Smith, William Benjamin. James Sidney Rollins, Memoir. New York: De Vinne Press, 1891. Page 49.
  18. http://www.columbiatribune.com/news/2011/sep/25/tigers-football-had-a-modest-beginning/?webapp#fontsize
  19. 1 2 Opinion: Border War never mattered more – College football – MSNBC.com
  20. We Burned Your Town To The Ground! – NCAAFB FanHouse
  21. Columbia Missourian – Unlicensed T-shirts bring the MU-KU rivalry up a notch
  22. "Rivalry game renamed 'Border Showdown'". ESPN.com. Retrieved 27 February 2012.
  23. LJWorld.com / ‘Border War' no more; KU-MU series retitled
  24. "SI.com – War of words – Nov 21, 2007". CNN. November 21, 2007.
  25. 1 2 University of Missouri, Official Athletic Site of the Mizzou Tigers Athletics
  26. 1 2 "". mutigers.com – All-Time Big 12 Opponents.
  27. "". "Big12sports.com".
  28. Columbia Missourian – Tradition's beginnings mysterious
  29. "100 years ago: Football fans enjoy mechanized reproduction of KU-MU game". Lawrence Journal-World. November 27, 2011. Retrieved December 27, 2011.
  30. Kansas, Missouri To Play At Arrowhead Through 2012
  31. "Big 12 roundup: Missouri wins final Border War; OU sets up Big 12 Bedlam showdown". The Statesman. November 26, 2011. Retrieved 2012-03-06.
  32. University of Missouri, Official Athletic Site of the Mizzou Tigers Traditions
  33. The Missouri Alumnus. November 1937. p 12.
  34. The Savitar. 1951. p 39.
  35. The Jayhawker. 1989. p 359.
  36. Tigers fans relish win, possible No. 1 ranking
  37. 2008 Big 12 Football Media Guide
  38. 1 2 3 Piontek, Keith. The 1960 MU-KU Controversy. Rock M Nation website. http://www.rockmnation.com/2010/11/21/1828767/the-1960-mu-ku-controversey. Accessed December 3, 2010.
  39. Bob Broeg. Ol’ Mizzou, A Story of Missouri Football. The Strode Publishers, 1974. Page 252.
  40. 1 2 3 4 5 Morey, Earl (1960-12-09). "Coan ineligible". Lawrence Journal-World. Retrieved 2010-08-17.
  41. 1 2 J-W Staff Reports (1960-10-27). "Zealous KU alumni cause school to be on NCAA ‘carpet’". Lawrence Journal-World. Retrieved 2010-08-17.
  42. 1 2 Matt Fulks. "Behind the Stats: 1960 contest most debated in rivalry". Behind the Stats. Metro Sports. Retrieved 2010-08-17.
  43. NCAA Rules Committee (1960). NCAA Public Report (Report). NCAA.
  44. 1 2 3 4 "Foes Agree Loop Action Not 'Final'". Lawrence Daily Journal-World (Lawrence, KS). 12 December 1960. p. 14.
  45. Statement by the University of Kansas in Regard to the Transfer and Eligibility of Elroy Bert Coan. University of Kansas. December 14, 1960. Copy provided courtesy of University Archives, University of Kansas. The stated objective of the document was to present “all the facts in the case.”
  46. Fulks, Matt. Behind the Stats: 1960 Content Most Debated in Rivalry. KC On Demand. http://mattfulks.wordpress.com/2011/11/26/behind-the-stats-1960-contest-most-debated-in-ku-mu-rivalry/. Retrieved July 20, 2012.
  47. "2010 Colorado Football Media Guide" (PDF). Retrieved 2010-12-16.
  48. Haskins, Kevin (2006-10-24). "Jayhawk Notebook". The Capital-Journal. Retrieved 2012-07-20.
  49. For Minnesota's final national title, thanks go to KU
  50. "". mutigers.com – All-Time Baseball Opponents.
  51. Palmer, Tod. "KU softball team wins NCAA regional opener, now faces MU". Kansas City Star. Retrieved 17 May 2014.
  52. 1 2 Palmer, Tod. "Missouri sweats out win in NCAA softball opener, gets to face old rival Kansas next". Kansas City Star. Retrieved 17 May 2014.
  53. "Jayhawks Fall to Tigers in First Round of NCAA Tournament, 3–1". kuathletics.com. University of Kansas Athletics.
  54. 1 2 Palmer, Tod. "Missouri tops Kansas again to claim NCAA regional softball crown". kansascity.com. The Kansas City Star. Retrieved 30 May 2015.
  55. "Missouri vs Kansas – DI Women's Volleyball". ncaa.com. Retrieved 10 December 2015.
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