Breynia vitis-idaea

Breynia vitis-idaea
Breynia vitis-idaea
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
(unranked):	Angiosperms
(unranked):	Eudicots
(unranked):	Rosids
Order:	Malpighiales
Family:	Phyllanthaceae
Tribe:	Phyllantheae
Subtribe:	Flueggeinae
Genus:	Breynia
Species:	B. vitis-idaea
Binomial name
Breynia vitis-idaea (Burm.f.) C.E.C.Fischer
Synonyms[1]
List Breynia accrescens Hayata Breynia formosana (Hayata) Hayata Breynia keithii Ridl. Breynia microcalyx Ridl. Breynia officinalis Hemsl. Breynia rhamnoides Müll.Arg. nom. illeg. Melanthesa ovalifolia Kostel. Melanthesa rhamnoides Blume nom. illeg. Phyllanthus calycinus Wall. nom. inval. Phyllanthus rhamnoides Retz. nom. illeg. Phyllanthus rhamnoides Willd. Phyllanthus sepiarius Roxb. ex Wall. nom. inval. Phyllanthus tinctorius Vahl ex Baill. Phyllanthus tristis A.Juss. Phyllanthus vitis-idea (Burm.f.) D.Koenig ex Roxb. Rhamnus vitis-idaea Burm.f.

Breynia vitis-idaea or officinal breynia is a perennial tree-like species of Phyllanthaceae (Euphorbiaceae s.l.), found from India east to Taiwan and Okinawa and south to Indonesia. It is a shrub or treelet with egg-shaped leaves that can reach up to 3 m tall. It has staminate flowers and spherical, red fruit.

It contains the saponin breynin and terpenic and phenolic glycosides.^[2] It is marketed in Taiwan as Chi R Yun.

Toxicity

B. vitis-idaea poisoning causes hepatocellular liver injury.^[2]

Other names

B. officinalis Hemsley and B. officinalis var. accrescens (Hayata) M.J.Deng & J.C.Wang are synonyms of B. vitis-idaea.

Other variants include:

• Breynia formosana (Hayata) Hayata
• Breynia officinalis Hemsley var. officinalis
• Breynia stipitata Muell. -Arg. var. formosana Hayata
• Breynia stipitata Muell. -Arg. var. formosana Hayata

Other common names in English include:^[3]

• Formosan breynia
• Large calyx breynia
• Medicinal breynia

Common names in other languages include:

• Vietnamese: Cù đề
• Taiwanese Hokkien: 紅心仔 Âng-sim-á, 紅珠仔 Âng-chu-á, 紅仔珠 Âng-á-chu
• Chinese: 七日暈; literally: "7-day dizziness"
• Paiwan: Takaha'do
• Malay: Hujan panas, semomah, seruyan
• Tagalog: Matangulang
• Cebuano: Sungut-olang
• Tausug: Santing
• Thai: เพี้ยะฟาน (phiafān; Thai pronunciation: [pʰíaʔ faːn]), ดับพิษ (dapphit; Thai pronunciation: [dàp pʰít]) (northern), ก้างปลาทะเล (kāngplāthalē; Thai pronunciation: [kâːŋ plaː tʰáʔ leː]), ผักหวานตัวผู้ (phakwāntūaphū; Thai pronunciation: [pʰàk wǎːn tuːa pʰûː]) (central)^[4]
• Japanese: 大島小判の木 / オオシマコバンノキ / おおしまこばんのき (Ōshima kobannoki), 台湾小判の木 / タイワンコバンノキ / たいわんこばんのき (Taiwan kobannoki), 姫小判の木 / ヒメコバンノキ / ひめこばんのき (Hime kobannoki), 高砂小判の木 / タカサゴコバンノキ / こばんのき (Takasago kobannoki)

References

1. "The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species". Retrieved April 3, 2014.
2. J. K. Aronson. Meyler's Side Effects of Herbal Medicines. Elsevier, 2008. p. 119. ISBN 978-0-444-53269-5
3. Breynia officinalis Hemsley at Plants of Taiwan.
4. ค้นหาข้อมูลพืช (Thai)

External links

• Photograph of B. officinalis Hemsl.