Burmannia (plant)

Burmannia
Burmannia disticha
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
(unranked):	Angiosperms
(unranked):	Monocots
Order:	Dioscoreales
Family:	Burmanniaceae
Genus:	Burmannia L.
Type species
Burmannia disticha
Synonyms[1]
Vogelia J.F.Gmel. Tripterella Michx. Maburnia Thouars Gonianthes Blume 1823 not A. Rich. 1850 Gonyanthes Nees Tetraptera Miers Tripteranthus Wall. ex Miers Cryptonema Turcz. Nephrocoelium Turcz.

Burmannia is a genus of flowering plants long thought of as related to orchids, although more recent studies suggest closer affinities with either the Dioscoreales or the Melanthiales.^[2][3][4] The plants are herbs, partially autotrophic (photosynthetic) but also partially parasitic on soil fungi.

Burmannia is native to tropical and subtropical parts of Africa, eastern Asia, Australia, and the Western Hemisphere. Three are regarded as native to the US:^{[1][5][6][7][8]}

Species^[1]

1. Burmannia alba - Brazil, Paraguay
2. Burmannia aprica - S Brazil
3. Burmannia australis - Brazil, Paraguay, Bolivia
4. Burmannia bengkuluensis - Sumatra
5. Burmannia bicolor - Cuba, N South America
6. Burmannia bifaria - Java
7. Burmannia biflora - Virginia to Texas; Cuba
8. Burmannia candelabrum - India, Assam, Bangladesh
9. Burmannia candida - Thailand, Myanmar, Sumatra
10. Burmannia capitata - North Carolina to Texas, West Indies, S Mexico, C + S America
11. Burmannia championii - S + E + SE Asia, New Guinea
12. Burmannia chinensis - E India, Indochina, China, Ryukyu Is
13. Burmannia cochinchinensis - Vietnam
14. Burmannia coelestis - S + E + SE Asia, New Guinea, N Australia, Micronesia
15. Burmannia compacta - S Venezuela
16. Burmannia connata - Sumatra
17. Burmannia cryptopetala - E Asia
18. Burmannia damazii - C + SE Brazil
19. Burmannia dasyantha - Colombia, Venezuela
20. Burmannia disticha - S + E + SE Asia, New Guinea, N Australia
21. Burmannia engganensis - Enggano I in W Indonesia
22. Burmannia filamentosa - Guangdong in China
23. Burmannia flava - S Florida, Chiapas, Cuba, C + S America
24. Burmannia foliosa - S Venezuela
25. Burmannia geelvinkiana - W New Guinea
26. Burmannia gracilis - S Thailand, W Malaysia
27. Burmannia grandiflora - Colombia, C Brazil
28. Burmannia hexaptera - Cameroon, Gabon
29. Burmannia indica - S India
30. Burmannia itoana - China, Japan
31. Burmannia jonkeri - Mato Grosso, Goiás
32. Burmannia juncea - N Australia
33. Burmannia kalbreyeri - C America, NW S America
34. Burmannia larseniana - Thailand
35. Burmannia latialata - tropical Africa
36. Burmannia ledermannii - New Guinea, Palau
37. Burmannia luteoalba - Phu-quoc I. in Cambodia; Vietnam
38. Burmannia lutescens - Malaysia, Indonesia, Papuasia
39. Burmannia madagascariensis - Madagascar, Mauritius, C + S Africa
40. Burmannia malasica - S Thailand, SE Kalimantan
41. Burmannia micropetala - New Guinea
42. Burmannia nepalensis - Himalayas, E + SE Asia
43. Burmannia oblonga - Hainan, Indochina, N Sumatra
44. Burmannia polygaloides - S. Venezuela, NW Brazil
45. Burmannia pusilla - India, Sri Lanka, Vietnam, Cambodia
46. Burmannia sanariapoana - S Venezuela
47. Burmannia sphagnoides - W Malaysia, Sumatra, W Borneo
48. Burmannia steenisii - Java
49. Burmannia stricta - S India
50. Burmannia stuebelii - N Peru
51. Burmannia subcoelestis - Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam
52. Burmannia tenella - N + C South America
53. Burmannia tenera - Goiás, São Paulo
54. Burmannia tisserantii - Central African Rep
55. Burmannia vaupesiana - Colombia
56. Burmannia wallichii - China, India, Indochina

References

1. World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
2. Jonker, F. P. 1938. A monograph of the Burmanniaceae. Mededeelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijks Universiteit te Utrecht 51: 1–279.
3. Leake, J. R. 1994. Tansley review no. 69. The biology of myco-heterotrophic (‘saprophytic’) plants. New Phytologist 127: 171–216.
4. Wood, C. E. Jr. 1983. The genera of Burmanniaceae in the southeastern United States. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University 64: 293–307.
5. Flora of North America vol 26 p 486
6. Biota of North America Program 2013 county distribution maps
7. Flora of China Vol. 23 Page 121水玉簪属 shui yu zan shu Burmannia Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 287. 1753.
8. Govaerts, R., Wilkin, P. & Saunders, R.M.K. (2007). World Checklist of Dioscoreales. Yams and their allies: 1-65. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.