CDK5RAP2

CDK5 regulatory subunit associated protein 2
Identifiers
Symbols	CDK5RAP2 ; C48; Cep215; MCPH3
External IDs	OMIM: 608201 MGI: 2384875 HomoloGene: 49533 GeneCards: CDK5RAP2 Gene
Gene ontology Molecular function • protein binding • calmodulin binding • microtubule binding • tubulin binding • protein kinase binding • transcription regulatory region DNA binding Cellular component • pericentriolar material • spindle pole • cytoplasm • Golgi apparatus • centrosome • cytosol • cytoskeleton • microtubule • cell junction • perinuclear region of cytoplasm • extracellular exosome Biological process • G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle • establishment of mitotic spindle orientation • microtubule cytoskeleton organization • mitotic cell cycle • microtubule bundle formation • organelle organization • chromosome segregation • brain development • neurogenesis • regulation of neuron differentiation • negative regulation of neuron differentiation • positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated • negative regulation of centriole replication • centrosome organization • regulation of spindle checkpoint Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	55755	214444
Ensembl	ENSG00000136861	ENSMUSG00000039298
UniProt	Q96SN8	Q8K389
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001011649	NM_145990
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001011649	NP_666102
Location (UCSC)	Chr 9: 120.39 – 120.58 Mb	Chr 12: 21.39 – 21.42 Mb
PubMed search

CDK5 regulatory subunit-associated protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CDK5RAP2 gene. Multiple transcript variants exist for this gene, but the full-length nature of only two has been determined.^[1][2] CDK5RAP2 is homologous to the Drosophila protein centrosomin (cnn).^[3]

Function

Neuronal CDC2-like kinase, which is involved in the regulation of neuronal differentiation, is composed of a catalytic subunit, CDK5, and an activating subunit, p25NCK5A. The protein encoded by this gene binds to p25NCK5A and therefore may be involved in neuronal differentiation. The encoded protein may also be a substrate of neuronal CDC2-like kinase.^[2]

Clinical significance

A magnetic resonance imaging study has demonstrated a link between common variation in the CDK5RAP2 gene and brain structure.^[4] More specifically, associations were found between several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and brain cortical surface area and total brain volume. These associations were found exclusively in male subjects and all SNPs were located upstream in non-exonic regions. The functional significance of these loci is not yet known. However, given their location close to regulatory elements, it is possible that they are involved in gene regulation, which suggests that common variance in brain structure could be associated with differences in gene regulation rather than protein structure, consistent with findings in other complex human traits.

Interactions

CDK5RAP2 has been shown to interact with CDK5R1.^[5]

References

1. Ching YP, Qi Z, Wang JH (April 2000). "Cloning of three novel neuronal Cdk5 activator binding proteins". Gene 242 (1-2): 285–94. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(99)00499-0. PMID 10721722.
2. "Entrez Gene: CDK5RAP2 CDK5 regulatory subunit associated protein 2".
3. Barr, A. R.; Kilmartin, J. V.; Gergely, F. (5 April 2010). "CDK5RAP2 functions in centrosome to spindle pole attachment and DNA damage response". The Journal of Cell Biology 189 (1): 23–39. doi:10.1083/jcb.200912163. PMID 20368616.
4. Rimol LM, Agartz I, Djurovic S, Brown AA, Roddey JC, Kähler AK, Mattingsdal M, Athanasiu L, Joyner AH, Schork NJ, Halgren E, Sundet K, Melle I, Dale AM, Andreassen OA (January 2010). "Sex-dependent association of common variants of microcephaly genes with brain structure". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 107 (1): 384–8. doi:10.1073/pnas.0908454107. PMC 2806758. PMID 20080800.
5. Wang X, Ching YP, Lam WH, Qi Z, Zhang M, Wang JH (October 2000). "Identification of a common protein association region in the neuronal Cdk5 activator". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (41): 31763–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M004358200. PMID 10915792.

Further reading

• Moynihan L, Jackson AP, Roberts E; et al. (2000). "A third novel locus for primary autosomal recessive microcephaly maps to chromosome 9q34.". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 66 (2): 724–7. doi:10.1086/302777. PMC 1288125. PMID 10677332.
• Wang X, Ching YP, Lam WH; et al. (2000). "Identification of a common protein association region in the neuronal Cdk5 activator.". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (41): 31763–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M004358200. PMID 10915792.
• Nagase T, Kikuno R, Nakayama M; et al. (2001). "Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. XVIII. The complete sequences of 100 new cDNA clones from brain which code for large proteins in vitro.". DNA Res. 7 (4): 273–81. doi:10.1093/dnares/7.4.271. PMID 10997877.
• Ching YP, Pang AS, Lam WH; et al. (2002). "Identification of a neuronal Cdk5 activator-binding protein as Cdk5 inhibitor.". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (18): 15237–40. doi:10.1074/jbc.C200032200. PMID 11882646.
• Nakayama M, Kikuno R, Ohara O (2003). "Protein-protein interactions between large proteins: two-hybrid screening using a functionally classified library composed of long cDNAs.". Genome Res. 12 (11): 1773–84. doi:10.1101/gr.406902. PMC 187542. PMID 12421765.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH; et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Andersen JS, Wilkinson CJ, Mayor T; et al. (2003). "Proteomic characterization of the human centrosome by protein correlation profiling.". Nature 426 (6966): 570–4. doi:10.1038/nature02166. PMID 14654843.
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T; et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.
• Humphray SJ, Oliver K, Hunt AR; et al. (2004). "DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 9.". Nature 429 (6990): 369–74. doi:10.1038/nature02465. PMC 2734081. PMID 15164053.
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA; et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
• Bond J, Roberts E, Springell K; et al. (2005). "A centrosomal mechanism involving CDK5RAP2 and CENPJ controls brain size.". Nat. Genet. 37 (4): 353–5. doi:10.1038/ng1539. PMID 15793586.
• Nousiainen M, Silljé HH, Sauer G; et al. (2006). "Phosphoproteome analysis of the human mitotic spindle.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 103 (14): 5391–6. doi:10.1073/pnas.0507066103. PMC 1459365. PMID 16565220.
• Evans PD, Vallender EJ, Lahn BT (2006). "Molecular evolution of the brain size regulator genes CDK5RAP2 and CENPJ.". Gene 375: 75–9. doi:10.1016/j.gene.2006.02.019. PMID 16631324.
• Olsen JV, Blagoev B, Gnad F; et al. (2006). "Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks.". Cell 127 (3): 635–48. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2006.09.026. PMID 17081983.