COX10

COX10 heme A:farnesyltransferase cytochrome c oxidase assembly factor
Identifiers
Symbol	COX10
External IDs	OMIM: 602125 MGI: 1917633 HomoloGene: 80170 GeneCards: COX10 Gene
EC number	2.5.1.-
Gene ontology Molecular function • cytochrome-c oxidase activity • farnesyltranstransferase activity • protoheme IX farnesyltransferase activity Cellular component • mitochondrion • mitochondrial inner membrane • integral component of membrane • cytochrome complex Biological process • mitochondrial fission • mitochondrial electron transport, cytochrome c to oxygen • porphyrin-containing compound metabolic process • heme biosynthetic process • heme a biosynthetic process • respiratory chain complex IV assembly • aerobic respiration • small molecule metabolic process • cellular respiration • heme O biosynthetic process • hydrogen ion transmembrane transport Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	1352	70383
Ensembl	ENSG00000006695	ENSMUSG00000042148
UniProt	Q12887	Q8CFY5
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001303	NM_178379
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001294	NP_848466
Location (UCSC)	Chr 17: 14.07 – 14.21 Mb	Chr 11: 63.96 – 64.08 Mb
PubMed search

Protoheme IX farnesyltransferase, mitochondrial is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the COX10 gene.^[1][2]

Cytochrome c oxidase (COX), the terminal component of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, catalyzes the electron transfer from reduced cytochrome c to oxygen. This component is a heteromeric complex consisting of 3 catalytic subunits encoded by mitochondrial genes and multiple structural subunits encoded by nuclear genes. The mitochondrially-encoded subunits function in electron transfer, and the nuclear-encoded subunits may function in the regulation and assembly of the complex. This nuclear gene encodes heme A:farnesyltransferase, which is not a structural subunit but required for the expression of functional COX and functions in the maturation of the heme A prosthetic group of COX. This protein is predicted to contain 7-9 transmembrane domains localized in the mitochondrial inner membrane. A gene mutation, which results in the substitution of a lysine for an asparagine (N204K), is identified to be responsible for cytochrome c oxidase deficiency. In addition, this gene is disrupted in patients with CMT1A (Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 1A) duplication and with HNPP (hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies) deletion.^[2]

References

1. Murakami T, Reiter LT, Lupski JR (Jul 1997). "Genomic structure and expression of the human heme A:farnesyltransferase (COX10) gene". Genomics 42 (1): 161–4. doi:10.1006/geno.1997.4711. PMID 9177788.
2. "Entrez Gene: COX10 COX10 homolog, cytochrome c oxidase assembly protein, heme A: farnesyltransferase (yeast)".

Further reading

• Glerum DM, Tzagoloff A (1994). "Isolation of a human cDNA for heme A:farnesyltransferase by functional complementation of a yeast cox10 mutant". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91 (18): 8452–6. doi:10.1073/pnas.91.18.8452. PMC 44624. PMID 8078902.
• Reiter LT, Murakami T, Koeuth T; et al. (1998). "The human COX10 gene is disrupted during homologous recombination between the 24 kb proximal and distal CMT1A-REPs". Hum. Mol. Genet. 6 (9): 1595–603. doi:10.1093/hmg/6.9.1595. PMID 9285799.
• Kennerson ML, Nassif NT, Dawkins JL; et al. (1998). "The Charcot-Marie-Tooth binary repeat contains a gene transcribed from the opposite strand of a partially duplicated region of the COX10 gene". Genomics 46 (1): 61–9. doi:10.1006/geno.1997.5012. PMID 9403059.
• Kennerson ML, Nassif NT, Nicholson GA (1998). "Genomic structure and physical mapping of C17orf1: a gene associated with the proximal element of the CMT1A-REP binary repeat". Genomics 53 (1): 110–2. doi:10.1006/geno.1998.5453. PMID 9787083.
• Valnot I, von Kleist-Retzow JC, Barrientos A; et al. (2000). "A mutation in the human heme A:farnesyltransferase gene (COX10 ) causes cytochrome c oxidase deficiency". Hum. Mol. Genet. 9 (8): 1245–9. doi:10.1093/hmg/9.8.1245. PMID 10767350.
• Bosetti F, Brizzi F, Barogi S; et al. (2002). "Cytochrome c oxidase and mitochondrial F1F0-ATPase (ATP synthase) activities in platelets and brain from patients with Alzheimer's disease". Neurobiol. Aging 23 (3): 371–6. doi:10.1016/S0197-4580(01)00314-1. PMID 11959398.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH; et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Antonicka H, Leary SC, Guercin GH; et al. (2004). "Mutations in COX10 result in a defect in mitochondrial heme A biosynthesis and account for multiple, early-onset clinical phenotypes associated with isolated COX deficiency". Hum. Mol. Genet. 12 (20): 2693–702. doi:10.1093/hmg/ddg284. PMID 12928484.
• Williams SL, Valnot I, Rustin P, Taanman JW (2004). "Cytochrome c oxidase subassemblies in fibroblast cultures from patients carrying mutations in COX10, SCO1, or SURF1". J. Biol. Chem. 279 (9): 7462–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M309232200. PMID 14607829.
• Coenen MJ, van den Heuvel LP, Ugalde C; et al. (2004). "Cytochrome c oxidase biogenesis in a patient with a mutation in COX10 gene". Ann. Neurol. 56 (4): 560–4. doi:10.1002/ana.20229. PMID 15455402.
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA; et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
• Veluthakal R, Kaur H, Goalstone M, Kowluru A (2007). "Dominant-negative alpha-subunit of farnesyl- and geranyltransferase inhibits glucose-stimulated, but not KCl-stimulated, insulin secretion in INS 832/13 cells". Diabetes 56 (1): 204–10. doi:10.2337/db06-0668. PMID 17192483.