COX4I1

Cytochrome c oxidase subunit IV isoform 1
Identifiers
Symbols	COX4I1 ; COX4; COX4-1; COXIV
External IDs	OMIM: 123864 MGI: 88473 HomoloGene: 37537 GeneCards: COX4I1 Gene
EC number	1.9.3.1
Gene ontology Molecular function • cytochrome-c oxidase activity • protein binding Cellular component • nucleus • mitochondrion • mitochondrial inner membrane • mitochondrial respiratory chain complex IV • membrane • extracellular exosome Biological process • generation of precursor metabolites and energy • mitochondrial electron transport, cytochrome c to oxygen • transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter • response to nutrient • aerobic respiration • gene expression • respiratory electron transport chain • cellular metabolic process • small molecule metabolic process • hydrogen ion transmembrane transport Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	1327	12857
Ensembl	ENSG00000131143	ENSMUSG00000031818
UniProt	P13073	P19783
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001861	NM_001293559
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001852	NP_001280488
Location (UCSC)	Chr 16: 85.8 – 85.81 Mb	Chr 8: 120.67 – 120.67 Mb
PubMed search

Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 1, mitochondrial is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the COX4I1 gene.^[1][2][3]

Cytochrome c oxidase (COX) is the terminal enzyme of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. It is a multi-subunit enzyme complex that couples the transfer of electrons from cytochrome c to molecular oxygen and contributes to a proton electrochemical gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane. The complex consists of 13 mitochondrial- and nuclear-encoded subunits. The mitochondrially-encoded subunits perform the electron transfer and proton pumping activities. The functions of the nuclear-encoded subunits are unknown but they may play a role in the regulation and assembly of the complex. This gene encodes the nuclear-encoded subunit IV isoform 1 of the human mitochondrial respiratory chain enzyme. It is located at the 3' of the NOC4 (neighbor of COX4) gene in a head-to-head orientation, and shares a promoter with it.^[3] Antibodies against Cox4 can be used to identify the inner membrane of mitochondria in immunfluorescence studies. ^[4]

References

1. Zeviani M, Nakagawa M, Herbert J, Lomax MI, Grossman LI, Sherbany AA, Miranda AF, DiMauro S, Schon EA (Dec 1987). "Isolation of a cDNA clone encoding subunit IV of human cytochrome c oxidase". Gene 55 (2–3): 205–17. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(87)90281-2. PMID 2444497.
2. Lomax MI, Welch MD, Darras BT, Francke U, Grossman LI (May 1990). "Novel use of a chimpanzee pseudogene for chromosomal mapping of human cytochrome c oxidase subunit IV". Gene 86 (2): 209–16. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(90)90281-U. PMID 2157630.
3. "Entrez Gene: COX4I1 cytochrome c oxidase subunit IV isoform 1".
4. http://www.genetex.com/WebPage/Product/ProductDetail.aspx?catno=GTX101499&CampaignId=

Further reading

• Lithgow T (2000). "Targeting of proteins to mitochondria". FEBS Lett. 476 (1–2): 22–6. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(00)01663-X. PMID 10878243.
• Van Kuilenburg AB, Van Beeumen JJ, Demol H; et al. (1992). "Subunit IV of human cytochrome c oxidase, polymorphism and a putative isoform". Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1119 (2): 218–24. doi:10.1016/0167-4838(92)90395-T. PMID 1311608.
• Lomax MI, Hewett-Emmett D, Yang TL, Grossman LI (1992). "Rapid evolution of the human gene for cytochrome c oxidase subunit IV". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 89 (12): 5266–70. doi:10.1073/pnas.89.12.5266. PMC 49272. PMID 1319058.
• Romero N, Marsac C, Fardeau M; et al. (1990). "Immunohistochemical demonstration of fibre type-specific isozymes of cytochrome c oxidase in human skeletal muscle". Histochemistry 94 (2): 211–5. doi:10.1007/BF02440190. PMID 2162812.
• Bonne G, Seibel P, Possekel S; et al. (1993). "Expression of human cytochrome c oxidase subunits during fetal development". Eur. J. Biochem. 217 (3): 1099–107. doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1993.tb18342.x. PMID 8223633.
• Andersson B, Wentland MA, Ricafrente JY; et al. (1996). "A "double adaptor" method for improved shotgun library construction". Anal. Biochem. 236 (1): 107–13. doi:10.1006/abio.1996.0138. PMID 8619474.
• Wu W, Goodman M, Lomax MI, Grossman LI (1997). "Molecular evolution of cytochrome c oxidase subunit IV: evidence for positive selection in simian primates". J. Mol. Evol. 44 (5): 477–91. doi:10.1007/PL00006172. PMID 9115172.
• Bachman NJ, Wu W, Schmidt TR; et al. (1999). "The 5' region of the COX4 gene contains a novel overlapping gene, NOC4". Mamm. Genome 10 (5): 506–12. doi:10.1007/s003359901031. PMID 10337626.
• Hüttemann M, Kadenbach B, Grossman LI (2001). "Mammalian subunit IV isoforms of cytochrome c oxidase". Gene 267 (1): 111–23. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(01)00385-7. PMID 11311561.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH; et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Williams SL, Valnot I, Rustin P, Taanman JW (2004). "Cytochrome c oxidase subassemblies in fibroblast cultures from patients carrying mutations in COX10, SCO1, or SURF1". J. Biol. Chem. 279 (9): 7462–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M309232200. PMID 14607829.
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA; et al. (2004). "The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
• Ewing RM, Chu P, Elisma F; et al. (2007). "Large-scale mapping of human protein–protein interactions by mass spectrometry". Mol. Syst. Biol. 3 (1): 89. doi:10.1038/msb4100134. PMC 1847948. PMID 17353931.
• Fukuda R, Zhang H, Kim JW; et al. (2007). "HIF-1 regulates cytochrome oxidase subunits to optimize efficiency of respiration in hypoxic cells". Cell 129 (1): 111–22. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2007.01.047. PMID 17418790.