Caja de Muertos

Coordinates: 17°53′41″N 66°31′8″W / 17.89472°N 66.51889°W / 17.89472; -66.51889

Caja de Muertos

Isla Caja de Muertos, Ponce Puerto Rico, looking Southeast from Puerto Rico's mainland southern shore
Caja de Muertos, Puerto Rico
Geography
Location Ponce, Puerto Rico
Coordinates 17°53′41″N 66°31′8″W / 17.89472°N 66.51889°W / 17.89472; -66.51889
Area 1.54 km2 (0.59 sq mi)
Length 2.75 km (1.709 mi)
Width 0.86 km (0.534 mi)
Highest elevation 52 m (171 ft)
Country
United States
Commonwealth Puerto Rico
Municipality Ponce
Demographics
Population 0
Density 0 /km2 (0 /sq mi)

Caja de Muertos (English: Coffin Island or Dead Man's Chest) is an uninhabited island off the southern coast of Puerto Rico, in the municipality of Ponce. The island is protected by the Reserva Natural Caja de Muertos natural reserve, because of its native turtle traffic. Hikers and beachgoers are often seen in the island, which can be reached by ferry from the La Guancha Boardwalk sector of Ponce Playa. Together with Cardona, Ratones, Morrillito, Isla del Frio, Gatas, and Isla de Jueyes, Caja de Muertos is one of seven islands ascribed to the municipality of Ponce.[1][2]

Location

Caja de Muertos is located 8.4 km south of the Puerto Rican mainland and is part of the Playa[3][4] barrio of Ponce, Puerto Rico, municipality.

Geography and climate

The island measures 2.75 km (2 mi) long northeast-southwest, and up to 860 m (2,822 ft) wide (560 m (1,837 ft) on the average). It has an area of 1.54 km2 (0.59 sq mi). Close by are Morrillito Key (180 m (591 ft) off the southwest point, 0.04 km2 (0.02 sq mi)) and Berbería Key (6.2 km (3.9 mi) to the northeast, .30 km2 (0.12 sq mi)), both part of the Caja de Muertos Natural Reserve. Berbería Key belongs to Rio Canas Abajo barrio of Juana Diaz municipality.

The climate is dry and the island supports dry forest. A still-functioning lighthouse, Caja de Muertos Light, established in 1887 and automated in 1945, sits atop the highest hill on the island. This 170 feet high hill is located at the southwest extreme of the island.[5]

Features

The island has four beaches: Pelicano, Playa Larga, Carrucho, and Coast Guard. The island also possesses fauna and flora not found anywhere else in the world.[6] The island has no permanent residents, but the Government of Puerto Rico maintains Department of Natural Resources staff and security personnel there. In 1899, it registered a permanent population of 64 residents, but it since declined to zero.[7]

Name

Cactus in the island's dry forest

Though there is no consensus on how the island got its name, one story given by Kurt Pitzer and Tara Stevens is that of a Portuguese pirate, Jose Almeida.[8] A former merchant sailor, Almeida fell in love with a Basque lady in Curaçao, married her in St. Thomas, US Virgin Islands and took her pirating with him around the Caribbean. On the first raid, she was killed by a stray bullet. Distraught, Almeida had her embalmed and placed in a glass box inside a copper coffin. He buried her in a cave in a deserted island near Ponce.[9] He would come every month to gaze over her preserved body and leave half of his treasure in her grave. Almeida, however, was caught in the Puerto Rico mainland, tried, and executed in El Morro in 1832. Many years later, a Spanish engineer discovered the glass and copper coffin, and identifying the cay on a map gave it its present name.[10] The treasure found, if any, was kept secret.[8]

Another possibility is that the island got its name because it resembles someone lying down when seen from the main island. Caja de Muertos can be translated into English as "Coffin" or "Dead Man's Chest".

Beachgoers enjoy Pelicano Beach in Caja de Muertos

In 1901, it was suggested by one A. W. Van Buren of Yale University that the island's name may be related to the sea shanty "Dead man's chest", first written by Robert Louis Stevenson for his novel Treasure Island;[11] however, no scholar since Van Buren has made this connection nor is there any evidence to support such a claim. Further, Van Buren says that Stevenson did not write the song "Dead man's chest" himself, that he "picked it up somewhere", which is another baseless claim (see "Dead man's chest" for more information on the fakelore surrounding this song).[12]

The official version of the origin of the name, as given by the Puerto Rico Department of Natural Resources, and under whose care the island is currently entrusted, is as follows: "Its name is attributed to the 18th-century French writer Jean Baptist Labat who called it Coffre A’morr (Caja de Muertos), making reference to the fact that when the island is seen from certain places in southern Puerto Rico, it gives the impression of seeing a dead person laying on a plateau."[13]

Since 1511, the island has been called by different names including Isla Abeiranas, Abairianay, Antías, Jutías, Yautías, Utías, Abeianay, Angulo, Isla Bestia, and Isla del Tesoro, in addition to the translations as Coffre A’morr, Deadman’s Chest, and Coffin Island.[14]

Natural reserve

Playa Larga, above, is part of the protected area of the island

The island was designated as a nature reserve in 1980 after a meeting was held in Puerto Rico by the Puerto Rico Planning Board wherein they considered the recommendation set forth by the Coastal Management Zone Program to turn the island into a protected wilderness area. The island has remained a protected area ever since.[15] The protection is mainly due to its heavy turtle traffic which is an endangered species.

Beaches

The island is home to five beaches: Playa Pelícano, Playa Ensenadita ("pocitas"), Playa Larga, Playa Blanca (also called Playa Coast Guard), and Playa Chica.[16] Playa Pelícano has been named a blue flag beach.[17][18]

References

  1. ↑ Neysa Rodriguez Deynes. Brevario Sobre la Historia de Ponce. Second Edition. Government of the Autonomous Municipality of Ponce. 2002. Page 9. Printed by Impress Quality Printing, Bayamon, Puerto Rico.
  2. ↑ CityMelt. Retrieved 17 May 2011.
  3. ↑ General Purpose Population Data, Census 2000. Unidad de Sistemas de Información Geográfica, Área de Tecnología de Información Gubernamental, Oficina de Gerencia y Presupuesto. Gobierno de Puerto Rico. Retrieved February 16, 2010.
  4. ↑ US Census. 1930 Federal Census Team Transcription. Retrieved February 22, 2010.
  5. ↑ Coast Pilot Nr. 5
  6. ↑ Por algo le llaman 'El Edén del Caribe'. Carmen Cila Rodríguez. La Perla del Sur. 20 April 2011. Retrieved 3 May 2011.
  7. ↑ Guillermo A. Baralt. La Historia de El Nuevo Dia (1909-2000): "Al servicio de mi tierra". Page 44. Fundación El Nuevo Dia. San Juan, Puerto Rico. 2002. ISBN 1-881720-82-9.
  8. 1 2 Adventure Guide to Puerto Rico. By Kurt Pitzer and Tara Stevens.
  9. ↑ Travel and Sports: Puerto Rico Reserva Natural Caja de Muertos.
  10. ↑ Lighthouse Friends
  11. ↑ Mail Bag Hints: Stevenson's "Dead Man's Chest." By A. W. Van Buren. The New York Times, June 29, 1901.
  12. ↑ Vincent Starrett. Buried Caesars: Essays in Literary Appreciation, 1923. Page 189-204.
  13. ↑ Puerto Rico Department of Natural and Environmental Resources. The Isla Caja de Muertos Natural Reserve. From: Hojas de Nuestro Ambiente series. October 2006, Revised July 2009. Page P-009. Retrieved March 2, 2010.
  14. ↑ Caja de Muerto: mil tesoros y leyendas. Héctor Sánchez. La Perla del Sur. Ponce, Puerto Rico. 6 June 2012. Year 30, Number 1488. Page 36. Retrieved 6 June 2012.
  15. ↑ Puerto Rico.com: The Puerto Rico Channel. Visiting Caja de Muertos Island Nature Reserve.
  16. 1 2 3 4 5 Caja de Muertos: Un tesoro en las aguas del Mar Caribe. Mydalis M. Lugo Marrero. Revista Marejada. 3 December 2011. Retrieved 20 October 2013.
  17. 1 2 3 4 5 Periodico La Perla del Sur. El secreto paraíso del Caribe. By Carmen Cila Rodríguez. 14 October 2010. (Home > Gente > Portada Gente > El secreto paraíso del Caribe.)
  18. 1 2 Bandera azul para Caja de Muerto . El Sur a la Vista. Ponce, Puerto Rico. December 1, 2010. Retrieved December 15, 2010.
  19. 1 2 3 4 RESERVA NATURAL ISLA CAJA DE MUERTOS: LABORATORIO NATURAL PARA FOMENTAR EL ESTUDIO DE AVES DENTRO DEL ESCUTISMO. Javier González Delgado. Universidad Metropolitana, Escuela Graduada de Asuntos Ambientales. San Juan, PR. 7 Diciembre 2010. Retrieved 20 October 2013.
  20. 1 2 3 4 Topographic Map of Caja de Muertos, showing roads and hiking trails "Topografico Playa de Ponce (N1752.5 W6630/7.5)." Drawn by J. A. Dones. Oficina de Planificacion de Recursos Costaneros. Departamento de Recursos Naturales y Ambientales de Puerto Rico. 1962. Retrieved 20 October 2013.

External links

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