Campbell Creek (Alaska)

Campbell Creek
The mouth of Campbell Creek in Anchorage
Country United States
State Alaska
Municipality Anchorage
Source
 - location Chugach Mountains
Mouth Turnagain Arm, Anchorage
 - coordinates 61°07′26″N 149°58′37″W / 61.124°N 149.977°W / 61.124; -149.977Coordinates: 61°07′26″N 149°58′37″W / 61.124°N 149.977°W / 61.124; -149.977
Length 21 mi (34 km)
Discharge for Dimond Blvd near Spenard
 - average 68 cu ft/s (1.9 m3/s)
Location of the mouth of the Campbell Creek in Alaska
View of the creek in the summer

Campbell Creek is one of several streams that flow through the city of Anchorage, Alaska. It runs for 21 miles (34 km) from the Chugach Mountains to the Turnagain Arm of Cook Inlet.[1]

The main stem of the creek is formed at the junction of the North and South Forks, which flows in a south-westerly direction through Campbell Lake, before reaching the Turnagain Arm. The watershed of the Campbell Creek includes a number of tributaries, including the Little Campbell Creek, the Lower Campbell Creek, and the Middle Fork.[2]

The creek connects a number of parks, open spaces and lakes to form a green corridor running from east to west through the city. The paved Campbell Creek trail follows the creek for much of its lower course through the areas from Campbell Park to Campbell Lake, over a distance of seven miles.[3]

History

Before English speaking settlers came into the area, the Dena'ina were the inhabitants. They called the creek Qin Cheghitnu or Crying Ridge Creek. The Crying Ridge being the Tanaina Peak in the Chugach Mountains, in the upper reaches of the creek, which was considered to be a place of bereavement.[4]

The European name of Campbell Creek being a derivative of Point Campbell, where the Knik and Turnagain arms of Cook Inlet meet.[2]

Hydrology

The discharge of the Campbell Creek has been measured by the USGS since 1966. The stream gauge site at the Dimond Boulevard Bridge near Spenard measures flow from an area of 69.7 square miles (181 km2). The mean flow between 1966 and 2013 was 67.7 cubic feet per second (1.92 m3/s), with the lowest daily flow recorded in February 1969 at 2.2 cubic feet per second (0.062 m3/s).[5]

The highest river level recorded occurred in August 1989 with a height of 23 feet (7.0 m) through the gauge, giving a corresponding flow of 1,510 cubic feet per second (43 m3/s).[5]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Biogeochemical Pathways and Land Use Associations of Potentially Toxic Metals in the Anchorage Watershed, Alaska. ProQuest. 2007. pp. 17–20. ISBN 978-0-549-45629-2.
  2. 1 2 U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Campbell Creek
  3. ↑ "Campbell Creek". Alaska Trails. TrailLink. Retrieved 25 February 2016.
  4. ↑ Northon, Cherie (2007). A Cultural and Historical Geography of Campbell Creek, Anchorage, Alaska (PDF). Anchorage Waterways Council.
  5. 1 2 "USGS Campbell Creek" (PDF). National Water Information System. U.S. Geological Survey. 1966–2013. Retrieved 14 February 2016.
This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the Thursday, February 25, 2016. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.