Rohdea

Japanese Sacred Lily
Nippon Lily
Rohdea japonica
1806 illustration[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Asparagaceae
Subfamily: Nolinoideae
Genus: Rohdea
Species: R.
Binomial name
Rohdea
Roth
Synonyms[2]
  • Titragyne Salisb.
  • Tilcusta Raf.
  • Campylandra Baker
  • Gonioscypha Baker

Rohdea is a genus of native to eastern Asia (China, Japan, the Himalayas and Indochina).[2] It was long thought to contain only a single species, R. japonica,[3] but recent studies have resulted in several other taxa being transferred into the genus.[4][5] Common names include Nippon Lily, Sacred Lily, and Japanese Sacred Lily.

In the APG III classification system, it is placed in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Nolinoideae (formerly the family Ruscaceae[6]). It has also been placed in the former family Convallariaceae.

It is a rhizomatous herbaceous perennial plant, with fibrous roots. The leaves are evergreen, broad lanceolate, 15–50 cm long and 2.5–7 cm broad, with an acute apex. The flowers are produced in a short, stout, dense spike 3–4 cm long, each flower pale yellowish, 4–5 mm long. The fruit is a red berry 8 mm diameter, produced in a tight cluster of several together.

Although sometimes misspelled as Rhodea, the genus was actually named after Michael Rohde (1782-1812), a botanist from Bremen.

Cultivation and uses

It is cultivated as an ornamental plant. In Chinese it is called wan nian qing (simplified: 万年青; traditional: 萬年青; lit. "evergreen"), and for this reason has been used symbolically in visual culture (e.g. on Mao badges). In Japanese it is called omoto.

The plant is also used in traditional Chinese medicine, though it is generally regarded as inedible and possibly toxic.

Species

Accepted species[2][3][7]

  1. Rohdea chinensis (Baker) N.Tanaka - Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan
  2. Rohdea chlorantha (Baill.) N.Tanaka - Sichuan
  3. Rohdea delavayi (Franch.) N.Tanaka - Tibet, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan, Yunnan
  4. Rohdea emeiensis (Z.Y.Zhu) N.Tanaka - Sichuan
  5. Rohdea ensifolia (F.T.Wang & Tang) N.Tanaka - Yunnan
  6. Rohdea eucomoides (Baker) N.Tanaka - Assam, Bhutan, Myanmar
  7. Rohdea japonica (Thunb.) Roth - Japan, Korea, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shandong, Sichuan, Zhejiang
  8. Rohdea jinshanensis (Z.L.Yang & X.G.Luo) N.Tanaka - Sichuan
  9. Rohdea lichuanensis (Y.K.Yang, J.K.Wu & D.T.Peng) Yamashita & M.N.Tamura - Hubei
  10. Rohdea longipedunculata (F.T.Wang & S.Yun Liang) N.Tanaka - Yunnan
  11. Rohdea nepalensis (Raf.) N.Tanaka - Tibet, Nepal, Bhutan, Assam, Myanmar, Sichuan, Yunnan
  12. Rohdea pachynema (F.T.Wang & Tang) N.Tanaka - Sichuan, Yunnan
  13. Rohdea siamensis (Yamashita & M.N.Tamura) Yamashita & M.N.Tamura - Laos, Thailand
  14. Rohdea tonkinensis (Baill.) N.Tanaka - Vietnam, Yunnan, Guangdong
  15. Rohdea urotepala Hand.-Mazz. - Sichuan, Yunnan
  16. Rohdea verruculosa (Q.H.Chen) N.Tanaka - Yunnan, Guizhou
  17. Rohdea wattii (C.B.Clarke) Yamashita & M.N.Tamura - Vietnam, Assam, Bhutan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan

References

  1. ↑ Curtis's botanical magazine vol. 23 tabl. 898, (http://www.botanicus.org/page/482623), John Sims (1749-1831)
  2. 1 2 3 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  3. 1 2 Flora of China, Vol. 24 Page 239, 万年青属 wan nian qing shu, Rohdea Roth, Nov. Pl. Sp. 196. 1821.
  4. ↑ Tanaka, N. (2010). A taxonomic revision of the genus Rohdea (Asparagaceae). Makinoa , n.s., 9: 1-54.
  5. ↑ Govaerts, R.H.A. (2011). World checklist of selected plant families published update. Facilitated by the Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  6. ↑ Chase, M.W.; Reveal, J.L. & Fay, M.F. (2009), "A subfamilial classification for the expanded asparagalean families Amaryllidaceae, Asparagaceae and Xanthorrhoeaceae", Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 161 (2): 132–136, doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00999.x
  7. ↑ Flora of China, Vol. 24 Page 235, 开口箭属 kai kou jian shu, Campylandra Baker, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 14: 582. 1875.

External links

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