Cape d'Or
Cape d'Or is a headland located near Advocate, Nova Scotia on the Bay of Fundy coast of the Canadian province of Nova Scotia.
Cape d'Or is located in Cumberland County and is a continuation of the North Mountain tholeiitic basalt formation.[1] The cape marks the north point of the entrance to the Minas Basin.
The cape is marked by dramatic 200 m (660 ft) cliffs on its western side and 30 m (98 ft) cliffs on its southern side overlooking treacherous tidal currents in the Minas Channel. A basalt reef extends from the Cape into the Bay of Fundy where it intersects the violent waters of the Dory Rips, a rip tide created by the collision of three strong tidal currents.
History
Cape d'Or was called L’mu’juiktuk by the Mi'kmaq, the native people of Nova Scotia. The cape was a centre of tool production and trade for the Mi'kmaq because of veins of hard dense rock such as chert which could be shaped to form sharp edges for tools and weapons. The Mi'kmaq also obtained copper from desposits in the basalt.[2] An archaeological excavation near the lighthouses in 1980 found extensive native artifacts dated to about 2000 years ago.[3]
The Cape was named by French explorers (Cape of Gold) because bright native copper deposits appeared golden. Samuel de Champlain explored the copper deposits at Cape d'Or in 1607 and bestowed the name Port of Mines on nearby Advocate Harbour to reflect the seams of copper ore at Cape d'Or. The French did not establish a mine at Cape d'Or as the massive cliffs and tides made the copper seams difficult to access but the name "Les Mines" became associated with the upper Bay of Fundy beyond Cape d'Or which became known as the "Baie des Mines", later Minas Basin, and the Acadian communities around the southern shore of the Minas Basin which became known as Les Mines.[4]
Mineral rights at Cape d'Or were later granted to the Duke of Chandos but he was unable to establish a mine.[5] However, in 1897, the Colonial Copper Company built a mine at Cape d'Or. Three shafts were sunk and an ore processor were built and connected to a shipping terminal at nearby Horsehoe Cove by a short rail line. A small company town was built with worker and manager houses. However, by 1905 the mine was closed when the copper veins proved disappointing yields as they were excavated. The houses were shipped by sea to communities around the Bay of Fundy.[6]
The Lighthouse
A steam-powered foghorn was established at Cape d'Or in 1875. A square wooden lighthouse was added in 1922, re-using a lighthouse tower originally located at Apple River. Two new bungalows were built for the lightkeeper and the assistant lightkeeper in 1958 and a new concrete lighthouse was built in 1965. The last keeper was Ernie Morris who served until the light was destaffed in 1989. The Advocate District Development Association obtained a lease through the County of Cumberland to preserve the site and its structures in 1995. The lightkeeper's houses were repaired. Today, one serves as the Lightkeeper's Kitchen restaurant and the other as a Guesthouse.[7]
Scenery
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Most of the Cape is heavily forested, but the areas beside and above the lighthouse are cleared and grassy providing excellent long-distance views of the cliffs, sea stacks and tidal rips in good weather. The Cape's dramatic rocky landscapes have attracted many photographers including fashion photographers from Vogue Magazine who used Cape d'Or for a fashion shoot in 2015 featuring Karlie Kloss and Dylan Brosnan.[8]
See also
References
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Cape D'Or Lighthouse. |
- ↑ Atlantic Geoscience Society (2001)The Last Billion Years: A Geological History of the Maritime Provinces of Canada. Halifax: Nimbus Publishing.
- ↑ "L’mu’juiktuk Cape d’Or", Mi’kmawey Debert Cultural Centre
- ↑ "cape d'Or", Nova Scotia Lighthouse Preservation Society
- ↑ Joan Dawson, The Mapmakers Eye: Nova Scotia Through Early Maps, Halifax: Nimbus Publishing (1988), p. 60
- ↑ M.F. Sweetser (editor). "The Maritime Provinces: A Handbook for Travelers". James R. Osgood & Co., 1875. Retrieved 2015-01-18.
- ↑ Roger David Brown, Historic Cumberland County South Halifax: Nimbus Publishing (2002), p. 110
- ↑ "Cape d'Or", ' 'Nova Scotia Lighthouse Preservation Society' '
- ↑ "Karlie Kloss photos from Vogue shoot in Nova Scotia: The fashion editorial is titled 'Shore Leave,' featuring Bay of Fundy coastline", CBC News
External links
Coordinates: 45°17′27″N 64°46′27.5″W / 45.29083°N 64.774306°W