Cape warthog

Cape warthog Phacochoerus aethiopicus
Conservation status
Extinct  (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Infraclass:	Eutheria
Order:	Artiodactyla
Family:	Suidae
Subfamily:	Phacochoerinae
Genus:	Phacochoerus
Species:	P. aethiopicus
Subspecies:	† P. a. aethiopicus
Trinomial name
Phacochoerus aethiopicus aethiopicus (Pallas, 1766)

The Cape warthog (Phacochoerus aethiopicus aethiopicus) is an extinct species in the pig family, a subspecies of the desert warthog. It was originally native to South Africa and became extinct around 1871.^[1]

The Cape warthog is quite distinguishable from other hogs, yet it has similar properties to that of a desert warthog. Some common differences between the Cape warthog and the extant warthog, P. africanus, include:

• The skull is smaller, but broader
• The frontal area of the zygomatic arch is thickened by internal sinuses and is swollen into a round hollow knob in front of the jugal-squamosal suture (in P. africanus, the zygomatic arch may be robust, but it is not thickened, and there is no knob).
• There are never incisors in P. aethiopicus, yet a regular warthog has two incisors in the upper jaw and six in the lower.
• In the Cape warthog, the large third molars are different from those of P. africanus because no roots would be formed by the time all the enamel columns have gone into wear.
• A typical warthog has two spherical pits in the back of the skull, and the Cape warthog has them too, but they are many times larger.

References

1. d'Huart, J.P., Butynski, T.M. & De Jong, Y. (2011). "Tachyeres brachypterus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2014.3. International Union for Conservation of Nature. Retrieved 12 May 2015.