Valladolid Cathedral

Cathedral of Our Lady of the Holy Assumption

Main view of the Cathedral
Shown within Spain
Basic information
Location Valladolid,
Province of Valladolid,
Castile and León,
 Spain
Geographic coordinates 41°39′08″N 4°43′25″W / 41.652222°N 4.723611°W / 41.652222; -4.723611Coordinates: 41°39′08″N 4°43′25″W / 41.652222°N 4.723611°W / 41.652222; -4.723611
Affiliation Roman Catholic
District Valladolid
Year consecrated 1668
Status Active
Website www.catedral-valladolid.com
Architectural description
Architect(s) Juan de Herrera
Architectural type Cathedral
Architectural style Herrerian
Groundbreaking 1589
Direction of façade Southeast
Official name: Catedral de Nuestra Señora de la Asunción de Valladolid
Designated 3 June 1931
Reference no. RI-51-0000980

The Cathedral of Our Lady of the Holy Assumption (Spanish: Catedral de Nuestra Señora de la Asunción), better known as Valladolid Cathedral, is a Roman Catholic cathedral in Valladolid, Spain. It was designed by Juan de Herrera.

Scale Model of the ideal project by Juan de Herrera.

The original design would be the largest cathedral in Europe, [1] although it is built over 40-45%,[2] due to lack of resources for a project of such magnitude and the expenses caused by the difficult foundations of the temple, located in an area with a large gap in the field.

History

In black, what has been done; scratched, which has not been built; to points, the three apses that unimposing currently ships. Today is built over 40-45 %.
Gate of the cathedral, sold in 1956, which is currently in New York's Metropolitan Museum of Art.
A transept end carries through the triumphal arch theme.
The unfinished cathedral and the Plaza de la Universidad, near the University of Valladolid

The cathedral has its origins in a late Gothic collegiate church, which was started during the late 15th century: before temporarily becoming capital of a united Spain, Valladolid was not a bishopric, and thus it lacked the right or necessity to build a cathedral. However, soon enough the Gothic collegiate church became outmoded with the growth of Renaissance classicizing architecture, and thanks to the newly established episcopal see, the Town Council decided to build a cathedral that would put similar constructions in neighbouring capitals in the shade.

The project as initiated would have resulted in one of the biggest cathedrals in Spain. When the construction was started, Valladolid was the de facto capital of Spain, housing king Philip II and his court. However, due to strategic and geopolitical reasons, by the 1560s the capital was moved to Madrid and funds for architectural projects were largely cut. Thus the cathedral was not finished according to Herrera's design; it was further modified during the 17th and 18th centuries, such as the addition to the top of the main façade, a work by Churriguera.

Description

The building, declared of Cultural Interest in 1931, is dedicated to Nuestra Señora de la Asunción. Although designed by Juan de Herrera, its construction was directed mainly by his disciples in the first half of the 17th century. Diego de Praves was the main contributor, and he was succeeded by his son. The design plan was a rectangle with two towers in the corners of the main façade, and another two finishing in pyramids, in the chancel.

The plan was a vast church with three aisles, with a transept on the centre, with two great doors in its ends. The main chapel and the choir were intended to be on the same place, facing the prayers (following the aims of the Council of Trent), so processions could pass round the back. Also, some chapels on the two sides of the building, placed between buttresses, were planned. Only a half of the church was built. Nowadays, the building stops at the transept. Only one tower now stands and it does not follow Herrera's plans.

The lower part of the main façade takes the form of triumphal arch in the Doric order Due to an error in construction the portal arch is rather pointed.

In the 18th century Alberto Churriguera erected the second part in imitation of the façade of the church of El Escorial. Capping the balustrade are statues of St. Ambrose, St. Augustine, St. Gregory and St. Jerome. Then the tower on the side of the vestry was erected which, after suffering damage in consequence of the Lisbon earthquake (1753), finally fell down in 1841; it was re-erected next to the vestry and is crowned with a statue of the Corazón de Jesús (Sacred Heart).

Today it contains a rich musical archive housing 6000 works, and a 16th-century altarpiece by Juan de Juni taken from the church of Santa María La Antigua, also in Valladolid, while the altarpiece by El Greco originally in the cathedral, has been moved elsewhere.

There are four chapels on either side of the church. In the first there is a Neoclassical picture of Cain and Abel and the second was property of Juan Velerde. The third has two late 17th century large pictures, work of a follower of Lucas Jordan. The next is dedicated to San Fernando and the tomb of Count Ansúrez is close to it, whose statue dates from the 16th century.

The main chapel has the altarpiece made by Juan de Juni was transferred to its present position in 1922. The choir stalls were built by Francisco Velázquez and Melchor de Beya in 1617 and them came from the convent of San Pablo, in Valladolid. In the other side of the church, on the third chapel there is a Baroque altarpiece of the 18th century and a group of statues and funerary reliefs of the Venero family, work of a disciple of Pompeo Leoni. The second chapel has a Baroque altarpiece, with a sculpture of San Pedro, by Pedro de Ávila and a 16th-century screen.

The great pipe organ, over the main door, was built in 1904 by Aquilino Amezua and enlarged in 1933 by his former partner L. Galdós using a classicist case from a previous organ, built in 1794. It follows romantic taste and has three manuals and pedal, with 36 stops. There is also an Allen electronic-digital organ.

In the vestry there are several pictures: for example, an Assumption of the second quarter of the 17th century by Diego Valentín Díaz and a San Jerónimo y San Jenaro by Lucas Jordan.

Gallery

References

  1. ↑ http://www.minube.com/rincon/catedral-de-valladolid-a4407
  2. ↑ http://www.eldiadevalladolid.com/noticia.cfm/Vivir/20110808/joven/vallisoletano/dispuesto/culminar/proyecto/catedral/juan/herrera/7C079929-E789-B61B-BDF7D113EA2EBB41 "A Valladolidan young, ready to complete the project of Juan de Herrera's Cathedral", El Día de Valladolid (newspaper)
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