Cato Manor
| Cato Manor | |
|---|---|
  Cato Manor
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Location within Durban  Cato Manor | |
| Coordinates: 29°52′S 30°57′E / 29.867°S 30.950°ECoordinates: 29°52′S 30°57′E / 29.867°S 30.950°E | |
| Country | South Africa |
| Province | KwaZulu-Natal |
| Municipality | eThekwini |
| Established | 1865 |
| Area[1] | |
| • Total | 0.30 km2 (0.12 sq mi) |
| Population (2001)[1] | |
| • Total | 5,996 |
| • Density | 20,000/km2 (52,000/sq mi) |
| Postal code (street) | 4091 |
Cato Manor is a working-class area located seven kilometers from the city centre of Durban, South Africa.
It was formed when Indian market gardeners came to settle in the area some time after it was given to George Christopher Cato in 1865, who was the first mayor of Durban in 1854. The area attracted attention during the Apartheid era.
History
Cato Manor became recognised when the Black Africans came to settle in during the 1920s, and rented land from Indian landlords who were there since the early 20th century. To earn a living, people started brewing beer and selling it in the streets of Durban to the thirsty workers. The authorities were glad to have people in town for labour but were scared to be overwhelmed by their population.
The Durban System
They then started the so-called Durban system which required permits from people who were in town to restrict the influx of population. The authorities then instituted the Native Beer Act of 1908, which allowed the municipality to brew and sell beer for self-finance. That became a success and the municipality reaped huge profits which meant that anyone brewing illegally was arrested. That started a dispute between the authorities and the people, which led to people rioting due to their loss of making a living.
Riots
Towards the end of World War II, about 30,000 squatters had built their shacks in the place, which started even bigger riots between 1949 and 1950 when the Group Areas Act was passed on by the government.[2] People were now forced to move from the place to townships like KwaMashu and the Indians moved to places like Chatsworth and Phoenix. On 23 January 1960, an angry mob attacked 4 white and 5 black policemen at the Cato Manor Police station; they butchered the men and mutilated the bodies.[3] An excerpt from An Ordinary Atrocity by Philip Frankel: "The small police force had been obliged to barricade itself in two adjacent huts which were eventually stormed by more than a thousand rioters. The more fortunate of the nine police who had died had simply been stoned to death, but there were cases of disembowelment flowing from the 'naked aggression and bloodlust of the rioters'."
Cato Manor today
The area began to come to life again in the early 1980s when the Cato Manor Development Association (CMDA) was formed and delivered much needed infrastructure. The area then was funded by the European Union and the Cato Manor Area Based Management was instituted by the eThekwini Municipality to overseeing the development of the area. Cato Manor today has primary schools, a clinic, a market and a multi-purpose center and talks for new places of interest are underway.
References
- 1 2 "Sub Place Cato Manor". Census 2001.
- ↑ An Ordinary Atrocity by Philip Frankel, Yale University Press.
- ↑ The Cape Times, (1960), ‘Nine police massacred at Durban’, 25 January, (Available at the South African National Library, Cape Town Campus) pg 1. - See more at: http://www.sahistory.org.za/dated-event/nine-policemen-are-killed-angry-mob-cato-manor-durban#sthash.SMjD5mgo.dpuf
- Metro Beat, April 2006 Issue 87.
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