Charassognathus

Charassognathus Temporal range: Late Permian, 260 Ma PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N ↓
Charassognathus gracilis, a basal cynodont
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Clade:	Synapsida
Order:	Therapsida
Clade:	Eutheriodontia
Suborder:	Cynodontia
Genus:	†Charassognathus Botha et al., 2007
Species
†C. gracilis Botha et al., 2007 (type)

Charassognathus (meaning 'notched jaw') is an extinct genus of Late Permian cynodont. Described in 2007 from a locality near Fraserburg, South Africa, Charassognathus is the earliest and most basal cynodont. It is known only from the Holotype which dates from the upper Permian Period. The type species C. gracilis is the only species of Charassognathus. The holotype (South African Museum SAM-PK-K 10369) is made up of a crushed skull, partial lower jaw and one leg.

Charassognathus was a quadrupedal predator. It was named for a notch on its coronoid process which most likely was the insertion point for a chewing muscle, the adductor mandibulae externus. Charassognathus was a tiny animal, with a skull only 5 centimeters in length. Since the body of Charassognathus hasn't been discovered, its full length remains unknown, but estimates have been made at 50 centimeters.

Description

Charassognathus has a snout that makes up slightly less than half of the total length of its skull and a long facial process on its septomaxilla. Other than these two features its skull is that of a typical cynodont. The odd shape of its septomaxilla is more typical of therocephalians indicating that it may be close to a common ancestor between the two groups.

See also

• List of synapsids

References

• Botha, Abdala & Smith (2007). "The oldest cynodont: new clues on the origin and diversification of the Cynodontia.". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 149: 477–492. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2007.00268.x.

External links

• Charassognathus