C. F. Goldie

For the New Zealand art forger known as Carl F. Goldie, see Karl Sim.
Charles Frederick Goldie

An oil portrait of Charles Goldie by Allan Mollison (2010)
Born 1870
Auckland, New Zealand
Died 1947
Known for paintings of Māori dignitaries

Charles Frederick Goldie OBE (1870–1947) was a New Zealand artist, best known for his portrayal of Māori dignitaries.

Early life

Goldie was born in Auckland on 20 October 1870. He was named after his maternal grandfather, Charles Frederick Partington, who built the landmark Auckland windmill. His father, David Goldie, was a prominent timber merchant and politician, and a strict Primitive Methodist who resigned as Mayor of Auckland rather than toast the visiting Duke and Duchess of Cornwall and York with alcohol. His mother, Maria Partington, was an amateur artist and encouraged his artistic ability. Goldie was educated at Auckland Grammar School, and while still at school won several prizes from the Auckland Society of Arts and the New Zealand Art Students' Association.

Art education

Goldie studied art part-time under Louis John Steele, after leaving school to work in his father's business. Sir George Grey was impressed by two of Goldie's still-life paintings that were being exhibited at the Auckland Academy of Art (Steele's art society, of which Goldie was honorary secretary) in 1891, and he talked David Goldie into permitting his son to undertake further art training abroad.

Goldie went to Paris to study at the famous Académie Julian. This was a conservative institution, resistant to Impressionism and the avant-garde, and Goldie received a strong grounding in traditional, formal drawing and painting.

Artistic career

He returned to New Zealand in 1898 and established the "French Academy of Art" with Louis J. Steele, who had been his tutor prior to his departure. They collaborated on the large painting The Arrival of the Māoris in New Zealand,[1] based on Géricault's Raft of the Medusa. It depicting exhausted, starved and stormtossed Polynesian mariners sighting land after a long journey by catamaran. It has been criticised as historically inaccurate (even in terms of contemporary anthropological knowledge) in its appearance of the crew and their vessel and in the situation of near-shipwreck depicted . However, it was widely praised at the time.

Goldie and Steele parted ways not long afterwards and Goldie established his own studio. From 1901 he made field trips to meet, sketch and photograph Māori people in their own locations, and he also paid Māori visitors to Auckland to sit for him. Most of these were chiefs visiting the Native Land Court.

By far the majority of Goldie's subjects were elderly, tattooed Māori of considerable standing in their own society. (The practice of tattooing (Tā moko) was no longer current at the time, and the remaining examples were mostly elderly; it was also a practice largely confined to high-status individuals.)

An oil Portrait of Ina Te Papatahi by Goldie (1902).

Goldie's later work was largely from photographs, as his elderly models had died. Rumours that the paintings were produced with the help of a mechanical projection system are not bourne out by a comparison of the photographs with the paintings, though this shortcut was apparently practiced by Gottfried Lindauer, the other New Zealand artist well known for Māori portraits.

On 31 October 1920 Goldie travelled to Sydney, where on 18 November at the age of 50 he married 35-year-old Olive Ethelwyn Cooper, an Australian by birth but a resident of Auckland. Apparently, marriage in Sydney circumvented Goldie family disapproval of the relationship between Auckland's famous artist and the milliner from Karangahape Road's Bon Marché.

Goldie's health eventually deteriorated through a combination of lead poisoning (from the lead white used to prepare his canvases) and alcoholism. He produced little work in the 1920s. Encouraged by the governor general, Lord Bledisloe, Goldie resumed painting around 1930; in 1934 and 1935 he exhibited at the Royal Academy of Arts in London, and in 1935, 1938 and 1939; the Salon of the Société des artistes français.

He stopped painting altogether in 1941 and died on 11 July 1947 aged seventy seven.

Known sitters

Goldie was Auckland based and his subjects were mainly those from the tribes in the upper North Island.

Te Aho-o-te-Rangi Wharepu of Ngati Mahuta (1905)

Honours

In 1935, Goldie was awarded the King George V Silver Jubilee Medal.[6] Soon after, he was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire for services to art in New Zealand in the 1935 King's Birthday and Silver Jubilee Honours.[7]

Legacy

Goldie's work has been criticised as "racist" , and certainly he held the Victorian attitudes he had grown up with that the Māori were a "dying race" and in many ways inferior to Europeans . However, many Māori value his images of their ancestors highly. Despite some critics considering his paintings "not art" , on the rare occasions they are offered for sale they fetch high prices, among the highest for New Zealand paintings. In March 2008, NZ$400,000 (NZ$454,000 including buyer's premium) was paid at an International Art Centre auction in Auckland for the painting "Hori Pokai - Sleep, 'tis a gentle thing.[8] Earlier, NZ$530,000 ($589,625 including buyer's premium) was achieved for a Goldie work in an online auction conducted by Fisher Galleries. On 19 November 2010 opera diva Dame Kiri Te Kanawa sold the oil on canvas Forty Winks, a portrait of Rutene Te Uamairangi for $573,000. This is the most paid for a painting at auction in New Zealand.

Many Goldies are held in public collections, including those at the Auckland Art Gallery, the Auckland Institute and Museum, and the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa. There is an ongoing controversy about the reproduction of Goldie's paintings of Māori that are held in public collections as prints for commercial sale.[9]

Forgeries by Karl Sim

The convicted art forger Karl Sim changed his name legally to Carl Feodor Goldie in the 1980s in order to be able to "legitimately" sign his Goldie copies "C.F. Goldie". He no longer tries to pass them off as by the original C.F. Goldie, however. He published an autobiography with Tim Wilson in 2003 called Good as Goldie.

Notes

  1. ↑ http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/pdfs/vol7no5_pdf-version.pdf
  2. ↑ "MANA-A-IWI/MANA OF THE PEOPLE". Te Huringa / Turning Points. The Fletcher Trust Collections. Retrieved 19 March 2011.
  3. ↑ "'All 'e Same t'e Pakeha' (Te Aho-o-te-Rangi Wharepu, Ngãti Mahuta), 1905". eHive. Dunedin Public Art Gallery. Retrieved 19 March 2011.
  4. ↑ "Darby and Joan [Ina Te Papatahi, Nga Puhi], 1903". Collections Online. Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa. Retrieved 19 March 2011.
  5. ↑ "The widow (Harata Rewiri Tarapata, Nga Puhi), 1903". Collections Online. Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa. Retrieved 19 March 2011.
  6. ↑ "Official jubilee medals". Evening Post. 6 May 1935. p. 4. Retrieved 2 July 2013.
  7. ↑ The London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 34166. p. 3609. 31 May 1935. Retrieved 13 July 2013.
  8. ↑ http://stuff.co.nz/4447144a10.html
  9. ↑ http://blog.prints.co.nz/2009/05/prints-of-maori-portraits-painted-by.html

References

Further reading

External links

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