Chesil Cove

Chesil Cove at Chiswell with Chesil Beach stretching off into the distance.
Chesil Cove from West Cliff.

Chesil Cove is a cove situated at the most southerly part of the 29-kilometre (18 mi) long Chesil Beach in Dorset, England. Chesil Beach itself is one of three major shingle structures in Britain, extending from West Bay to Portland, the latter acting as a large groyne holding the beach in place. It also provides shelter from the prevailing winds and waves for the town of Weymouth and the village of Chiswell.

Shipwrecks

Chesil Beach, and the cove, have seen many cases of shipwrecks, more so than most other parts of the British coast, particularly during the age of sail.[1][2] Chesil Beach became infamously known as "Deadman's Bay", taken after the name Thomas Hardy gave West Bay, including Chesil Cove, in his novel The Well Beloved of 1892.[3]

The local fishermen, particularly at Portland, developed a purpose-built vessel to withstand the sea actions at Chesil Beach. The boat, known as a Lerret, is a double-ended open fishing boat, used for seine net fishing.[4] The 18th-century public house The Cove House Inn remains one of Portland's most popular pubs and is Grade II Listed. Despite its particularly vulnerable position on the beach, the pub was a survivor during "The Great Gale of 1824".[5]

Shipwreck list

Some of the ships wrecked at Chesil Cove include:[6][7][8]

Flooding defences

The adjoining village of Chiswell was established predominately as a fishing community. Despite its vulnerability to sea storms and flooding, Chiswell continued to develop into a thriving community.[9] One of the best-documented incidents of flooding occurred in November 1824, and became infamously known as "The Great Storm of 1824". The storm saw the death of thirty residents, the destruction of eighty houses, and the damage of many others.[10] The construction of a sea wall finally commenced in 1958, and work on this scheme continued until 1965. The wall extended from the far end of Chesil Cove, at West Weares, to the location of the village's Cove House Inn.[11] A promenade was laid-out on top of the wall, and this became a popular attraction.[12]

Despite the sea wall proving a worthy defence, incidents of widespread flooding were not a thing of the past. During December 1978 and February 1979, two major storms caused further devastation to Chiswell. The flooding led to further defence installations during the 1980s.[13] During January–February 2014, violent storms across the south-west of England caused more flooding in the village, which received a lot of national and international attention.[14]

Diving

Chesil Cove is a popular site for scuba divers. It has become one of the best known shore dives in the UK.[15] The cove is a reasonably shallow shore dive, and has an interesting selection of south coast marine life, as well as an abundance of flora and fauna.[16] Although there have been many shipwrecks in the cove, few significant divable remains exist close to the beach due to its exposure to strong waves.

Fishing

Through fishing, the beach provided the main occupation for the villagers of Chiswell and the rest of the islanders. The beach is still used by sea anglers and the British record for shore-captured shore rockling was set there in 1992.[17] Recreational fishing is a popular pastime at the cove.[18]

Geology

The Jurassic Coast stretches over a distance of 155 kilometres (96 mi), from Orcombe Point near Exmouth, in the west, to Old Harry Rocks on the Isle of Purbeck, in the east.[19] The coastal exposures along the coastline provide a continuous sequence of Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous rock formations spanning approximately 185 million years of the Earth's history. The localities along the Jurassic Coast includes a large range of important fossil zones.

See also

Media related to Chesil Cove at Wikimedia Commons

References

  1. ↑ Kemp, John P. (1985). The Book of the Chesil Beach – Dorset. Nigel J. Clarke Publications. p. 3. ISBN 0907683185.
  2. ↑ "Chesil and Fleet A to Z; S to T". Chesilbeach.org. 14 April 2010. Retrieved 24 July 2015.
  3. ↑ Hardy, Thomas (2000). The Well-Beloved with The Pursuit of the Well-Beloved (Wordsworth Classics) (New ed.). Wordsworth Editions. p. 13. ISBN 978-1840224054.
  4. ↑ "Heritage coast news - Lerrets". Theheritagecoast.co.uk. Retrieved 24 July 2015.
  5. ↑ Historic England. "Details from listed building database (1280745)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 24 July 2015.
  6. ↑ "Shipwrecks". Geoffkirby.co.uk. Retrieved 24 July 2015.
  7. ↑ "Historical List Of Shipwrecks". Burtonbradstock.org.uk. Retrieved 24 July 2015.
  8. ↑ "Pastscape : Advanced Search Results : 37 wrecks found" (PDF). Pastscape.org.uk. Retrieved 24 July 2015.
  9. ↑ "The History of the Site". Chiswellcommunity.org. Retrieved 24 July 2015.
  10. ↑ "The Great Gale of 1824 | Dorset Life - The Dorset Magazine". Dorset Life. Retrieved 24 July 2015.
  11. ↑ "Storms and Coastal Defences at Chiswell" (PDF). Dorsetforyou.com. Retrieved 24 July 2015.
  12. ↑ "680730". Geoffkirby.co.uk. 15 January 1920. Retrieved 24 July 2015.
  13. ↑ "Jurassic Coast – Chiswell view today". Content.swgfl.org.uk. Retrieved 25 November 2012.
  14. ↑ "UK storms: Waves crash over sea wall at Chiswell, overlooking Chesil Cove, Dorset - BBC News". Bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 24 July 2015.
  15. ↑ "Dives inshore". Martinharvey.com. Retrieved 24 July 2015.
  16. ↑ "Chesil Beach Project". Underwater Explorers. Retrieved 24 July 2015.
  17. ↑ "Portland Fishing – Chesil Cove". portlandbill.co.uk. Retrieved 6 November 2007.
  18. ↑ "www.fancysfarm.co.uk". Portlandbill.co.uk. Retrieved 24 July 2015.
  19. ↑ "Dorset and East Devon Coast". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. 2001. Retrieved 14 January 2007.

Coordinates: 50°33′34″N 2°26′54″W / 50.5595°N 2.4482°W / 50.5595; -2.4482

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