Chestnut-backed bush warbler
| Chestnut-backed bush warbler | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Locustellidae |
| Genus: | Bradypterus |
| Species: | B. castaneus |
| Binomial name | |
| Bradypterus castaneus (Büttikofer, 1893) | |
| Synonyms | |
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The chestnut-backed bush warbler (Bradypterus castaneus) is a species of Old World warbler in the family Locustellidae. Other common names include the chestnut-backed grass warbler, the cinnamon bracken warbler and the East Indian bush warbler.[2] It is endemic to the islands of Sulawesi, Buru and Seram in Indonesia where it is found on the forest floor.
Taxonomy
Previously known as Locustella castaneus, this species has now been included in the genus Bradypterus. Three subspecies have been recognised. The nominate subspecies B. c. castaneus is known from mountainous parts of Sulawesi, B. c. disturbans is known from Buru and B. c. musculus is known from Seram Island, both in the southern Maluku Islands.[2]
Description
The adult chestnut-backed bush warbler is a drab, unobtrusive bird about 15 cm (6 in) long. The sexes are similar. The upperparts are reddish-brown, the chin and throat pale grey, the breast deeper grey and the belly, flanks and undertail coverts various shades of brown. There is a pale streak above the eye and a dark eye-stripe. The bill is black and the legs reddish-brown.[3]
Habitat
The chestnut-backed bush warbler is found in undisturbed primary montane forest and in secondary forest, as well as adjoining thick scrub, bushes and rank grassland. It has a preference for moss-covered rocks and tree trunks densely clad with vines. On Seram it frequents lower mountain slopes in Lithospermum and Castanopsis woodland with Shorea, Agathis and Dacrydium trees, ferns and mosses, and also dense patches of bamboo.[3] One of the places where this bird can be found on Sulawesi is the Gunung Ambang Nature Reserve.[4]
Behaviour
The chestnut-backed bush warbler is a mostly ground-dwelling bird, skulking in the undergrowth and running on the forest floor in a manner reminiscent of a mouse.[4] It often flicks its wings over its back and cocks its tail slightly. It sometimes sings perched on a low branch. The song of the nominate subspecies is a repetitive series of short, insect-like buzzing trills, "tzeeeuuutzeee" and differs markedly from the song of the Seram subspecies which is a series of "zit-oh-zit" calls. The song of the third subspecies has not been recorded but is said to differ from both the others. The breeding habits of this species are unknown but a fully-fledged juvenile has been seen in August.[3]
Status
The population trend of the chestnut-backed bush warbler appears to be steady and although it has a limited distribution, it is common in parts of its range and the IUCN has evaluated it as being of "least concern".[1]
References
- 1 2 BirdLife International (2012). "Bradypterus castaneus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.2. International Union for Conservation of Nature. Retrieved 2014-08-26.
- 1 2 "Chestnut-backed Bush-Warbler (Bradypterus castaneus) (Büttikofer, 1893)". AviBase. Retrieved 2014-07-20.
- 1 2 3 Kennerley, Peter; Pearson, David (2010). Reed and Bush Warblers. AC Black. pp. 205–207. ISBN 9780713660227.
- 1 2 Riley, Jon (2000-12-01). "Gunung Ambang". OBC Bulletin 32. Oriental Bird Club. Retrieved 2014-07-16.