Chromium nitride

Chromium nitride
Names
IUPAC name
Chromium nitride
Other names
Chromium(III) nitride
Identifiers
24094-93-7 YesY
ChemSpider 81581 YesY
Jmol interactive 3D Image
Properties
CrN
Molar mass 66.003 g/mol
Appearance Black powder
Density 5.9 g/cm3 [1]
Melting point 1770 ˚C (decomp.)[2]
Insoluble[3]
Thermochemistry
37.75 JK1mol1 [4]
117.15 kJ/mol [4]
Hazards
Flash point Non-flammable
US health exposure limits (NIOSH):
TWA 1 mg/m3[5]
TWA 0.5 mg/m3[5]
250 mg/m3[5]
Related compounds
Related compounds
Dichromium nitride
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

Chromium nitride is a chemical compound of chromium and nitrogen with the formula CrN. It is very hard, and is extremely resistant to corrosion. It is an interstitial compound, with nitrogen atoms occupying the octahedral holes in the chromium lattice:[2] as such, it is not strictly a chromium(III) compound nor does it contain nitride ions (N3). Chromium forms a second interstitial nitride, dichromium nitride, Cr2N.

Synthesis

Chromium(III) nitride can be prepared by direct combination of chromium and nitrogen at 800 °C:

2 Cr + N
2
→ 2 CrN

It can also synthesize by Physical Vapour Deposition technique such as Cathodic arc deposition.

Applications

CrN is used as a coating material for corrosion resistance and in metal forming and plastic moulding applications.[6] CrN is often used on medical implants and tools. CrN is also a valuable component in advanced multicomponent coating systems, such as CrAlN, for hard, wear-resistant applications on cutting tools.[7]

Magnetism

The fundamental materials physics of CrN, giving rise to its favorable properties, has been debated recently in high-profile scientific journals such as Nature Materials.[8][9] In particular, the importance of magnetism in both the low temperature and the high temperature phases has been demonstrated by means of quantum mechanical calculations of the electronic structure of the compound.[10][11][12]

Natural occurrence

Though rare, carlsbergite - the natural form of chromium nitride - occurs in some meteorites.[13]

References

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