Circus World (film)

Circus World

Directed by Henry Hathaway
Produced by Samuel Bronston
Written by Ben Hecht
Julian Halevy
James Edward Grant
Starring John Wayne
Claudia Cardinale
Rita Hayworth
Lloyd Nolan
John Smith
Richard Conte
Music by Dimitri Tiomkin
Cinematography Jack Hildyard
Edited by Dorothy Spencer
Production
company
Distributed by Paramount Pictures (US)
Rank Organization (UK)
Release dates
  • June 25, 1964 (1964-06-25) (US)
  • July 16, 1964 (1964-07-16) (UK)
Running time
 135 minutes
Country United States
Language English
Budget $9 million (estimate)
Box office $1,550,000 (US/ Canada)[1]

Circus World (released as The Magnificent Showman in the United Kingdom) is a 1964 drama film starring John Wayne, Claudia Cardinale and Rita Hayworth. It was directed by Henry Hathaway and produced by Samuel Bronston, with a screenplay by Ben Hecht, Julian Halevy and James Edward Grant, from a story by Philip Yordan and Nicholas Ray.

The film won the Golden Globe Award for Best Song for Dimitri Tiomkin and Ned Washington (lyrics), while Rita Hayworth was nominated for the Best Actress award.

Plot

Matt Masters (John Wayne), a Wild West circus star in the mold of Buffalo Bill Cody, bought a bankrupt circus in 1885 and successfully rebuilt it into a combination three ring and Wild West extravaganza, mixing Wild West Show acts with conventional circus acts in a winning combination. He has successfully toured the United States for more than a decade. Now that the century is about to turn, he wants to take his show to Europe.

His Circus Boss, Cap Carson (Lloyd Nolan), is against taking the show across the Atlantic. He maintains that Europe is bad luck for American circuses. He also calls Matt on his reason for making a European tour: Masters wants to find the lost great love of his life, Lili Alfredo (Rita Hayworth), and figures that this tour will smoke her out if for no other reason than to see her child, Toni Alfredo (Claudia Cardinale), Masters' adopted daughter. One of his Western stars and wannabe-partner, Steve McCabe (John Smith), also attempts to dissuade Masters, but to no avail. Masters buys a freighter, renames her the Circus Maximus, and the show sails for Europe.

At Lisbon, the first port of call, the Circus Maximus capsizes at the pier and puts the show in the toilet. Masters has to release most of his performers, board out his animals, and go back to performing an act for the Ed Purdy Wild West Show, a staple on the European circus circuit. Down but not out, Masters doesn't waste the disaster. "While touring Europe at Ed Purdy's expense," as Masters puts it, he, Cap, Steve and Toni scout acts that will enable Masters to relaunch the Matt Masters Circus bigger and better than ever.

His first new hire is Emile, a French animal trainer who has a spectacular act involving lions who lie down on him in the ring. Masters offers to take him on if he will switch from lions to tigers (Masters has many tigers but few lions). The trainer is adamant that he does not want to change to working with tigers; his wife persuades him to do so. By the time the circus is ready to relaunch, Emile has so adapted to working with a different variety of big cat that when a couple become ill, he demands that Masters hire a doctor for "HIS tigers."

His second new act is Jojo the Clown and the Wire-Dancing Ballerina (Richard Conte and Katharyna respectively). They have a unique act; Jojo is dressed as a clown but walks the high wire over a cage full of lions while coaching the Ballerina (his daughter Giovanna) as she dances on the wire. Backstage, Masters discovers that Jojo is an old acquaintace — Aldo Alfredo, brother-in-law of his lost love Lili Alfredo. Despite his reservations at hiring a possible enemy Masters takes the act on and neither he nor Aldo admit to Toni, who is Aldo's niece, that they have met before; or that Jojo the Clown is her uncle.

The third addition to the performers' roster is Margo Angeli, an artist of the high trapeze, coincidentally where Toni wants to work instead of in the Wild West show or as part of Clown Alley, where Matt has her working in the show. In reality, Margo is the vanished Lili Alfredo, haunted by the guilt of having been caught up in a love triangle, blaming herself for the death of her flyer husband who had fallen — or did he miss Aldo's catch on purpose after learning he was part of a love triangle? She had run away from the world of the circus and kept on running, finding solace first in the Church and then in the bottle.

As Masters had hoped, the lure of her daughter brought Lili out of hiding. She speaks to her daughter during a performance of Ed Purdy's Wild West Show without identifying herself, and Masters spots her. The two have an intense confrontation in a bar, ending with Masters slamming a full bottle of brandy down in front of Lili and telling her that she needs to decide whether the booze or her child is more important to her; but that if she doesn't pull herself together, as far as he's concerned she is dead to him. Lili quits drinking and goes into training to seek a position in the new Matt Masters Circus, then in winter quarters near Lisbon.

Meanwhile, Toni has fallen for Steve and he for her, despite a difference in their ages of at least a decade. Matt has to come to terms with the fact that his adopted little girl is a woman grown, with a mind of her own. "Margo's" reappearance helps, and she is secretly amused by Toni's attempts to pair her off with Matt. Matt's doing pretty well on his own, as Toni observes with pleasure. She loves her adopted father and wants him to be happy.

Inevitably, the truth comes out. The afternoon of the rehearsal for the first show of the circus season in Vienna, with Masters demanding of his performers the same show they will put on that evening, Toni finds a poster of The Flying Alfredos in her wagon living quarters with "Suicide" daubed on it in red. She also finds a newspaper clipping of the Flying Alfredos that allows her to identify "Margo" as her mother. There is a stormy confrontation with many passionate, hateful words on Toni's part between her, Lili and Matt; and Matt has to tell her that he was the second man in the love triangle. Toni curses both of them and runs out, just before a bugle call summons the show to Dress Rehearsal.

The rehearsal opens to empty seats with Grand Parade, with the performers marching in behind the flags of the nations whose citizens are in the show: the United States, Great Britain, France, Imperial Germany, Switzerland, Iceland, Sweden, Italy, and many more. Partway through Grand Parade, a fire breaks out in Wardrobe and spreads to the Big Top. Fast action by Lili, Matt, Steve, Toni, Cap and Aldo prevents injury to the circus performers and manages to save about half of the tent from the flames. The one positive thing to come out of the fire is a rapprochement between Toni and Lili.

Matt somehow obtains permission from the Emperor to set up the circus in the grounds of the Imperial Palace. The show is a smash success, with a new act headlining: Lili and Toni Alfredo performing a swing-over routine fifty feet in the air. Ultimately Matt, Lili, Toni, and Matt's new partner and Toni's new fiancé, Steve, are shown taking bows to the applause of the people and the Crown.

Production notes

Background

Circus buffs will recognize the headlining routine at the film's climax as the routine Lillian Leitzel performed at one time.

John Wayne is shown using his favorite Large Loop Winchester Model 1892 rifle in the sequence where he breaks glass balls held up on poles by the circus performers from the top of the Deadwood Dick stagecoach, spin-cocking it as the coach thunders around the arena. A similar routine was performed at one time by Annie Oakley on the Buffalo Bill's Wild West Show.

This was Wayne's last film before his lung cancer operation.

Technical

The film's music score was by Dimitri Tiomkin and the cinematography by Jack Hildyard. The film was made in Super Technirama 70, but was advertised on posters as being presented in Cinerama in those theatres showing that process.

Cast Changes

It has been speculated by film historians that at the time this film was made, Rita Hayworth may have been suffering from early onset Alzheimer's disease.[2] Only 46 at the time the movie was made, she was often late on set and had trouble remembering her lines, and it was reported she was often drunk and abusive on the set. John Wayne had previously looked forward to working with her, but allegedly came to despise what he saw as unprofessional behavior.[3]

David Niven was originally cast as Cap Carson, but withdrew from the film. After one of the early script rewrites, he complained that the movie was turning into "a typical John Wayne film" and that his role had been reduced.[4]

Frank Capra was originally scheduled to direct, but quit during pre-production over disagreements with Wayne's favored screenwriter, James Edward Grant. Capra wanted to use his own script, which Wayne insisted Grant rewrite. Capra also was unhappy over the budget allotted to Circus World.[5]

Rod Taylor was originally cast as Steve McCabe. He arrived in Spain to begin filming, but discovered the part was more of a supporting role than he had envisioned. He left the production amicably and was replaced by John Smith.[6]

Cast

Home Media

It has never been released in the U.S.A., but has been released on an all Region DVD, which works on most all DVD players.

In popular culture

The film's production was the setting for a novel by the Spanish author Juan Miñana which was originally published in 1999 with the Spanish title Noticias del mundo real (News from the Real World). It is about two young Spanish law students in 1964 who search the city of Barcelona for actor John Wayne, who has not returned to the hotel for another day of the film's shooting.

Trivia

While filming a scene where the main tent catches fire, John Wayne was almost killed when the set collapsed. As he was "fighting" the fire, Wayne was to be cued by the assistant director when to leave before the set was to collapse in flames. Either Wayne didn't hear the assistant director, or the a.d. mistimed it (it was never determined which), but the flaming set began to collapse before Wayne got out. He escaped with just seconds to spare before the entire set fell down.

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Big Rental Pictures of 1964", Variety, 6 January 1965 p 39. Please note this figure is rentals accruing to distributors not total gross.
  2. ↑ http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1989-04-18/lifestyle/8904190017_1_rita-hayworth-yasmin-alcoholic-dementia
  3. ↑ http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0057952/trivia?ref_=tt_trv_trv
  4. ↑ http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0057952/trivia?ref_=tt_trv_trv
  5. ↑ http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0057952/trivia?ref_=tt_trv_trv
  6. ↑ http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0057952/trivia?ref_=tt_trv_trv

External links

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