Climate of Cyprus

Cyprus from Space
Solar Map of the Island
Mountainous Geography from Northern Side
Seacoast from Southern Side
Sunsets on the island
Seacoast from Eastern side

Cyprus has a subtropical climate - Mediterranean and semi-arid type (in the north-eastern part of island) - according to Köppen climate classification signes Csa and BSh,[1][2] with very mild winters (on the coast) and warm to hot summers. Snow is possible only in the Troodos mountains in the central part of the island. Rain occurs mainly in winter, with summer being generally dry.

Temperatures

Cyprus has the warmest climate and warmest winters in the Mediterranean part of the European Union. The average annual temperature on the coast is around 24 °C (75 °F) during the day and 14 °C (57 °F) at night. Generally – summers/holiday season lasts about eight months. It begins in April, with average temperatures of 21–23 °C (70–73 °F) during the day and 11–13 °C (52–55 °F) at night, and ends in November, with average temperatures of 22–23 °C (72–73 °F) during the day and 12–14 °C (54–57 °F) at night. In the remaining four months of the year, temperatures still sometimes exceed 20 °C (68 °F). Among all cities in the Mediterranean part of the European Union, Limassol has the warmest winters, in the period January–February, the average temperature is 17–18 °C (63–64 °F) during the day and 8–9 °C (46–48 °F) at night. In other coastal locations in Cyprus, the temperature is generally 16–17 °C (61–63 °F) during the day and 7–9 °C (45–48 °F) at night. In March and December in Limassol the average is 19–20 °C (66–68 °F) during the day and 10–11 °C (50–52 °F) at night; other coastal locations in Cyprus are generally 17–19 °C (63–66 °F) during the day and 8–11 °C (46–52 °F) at night.

The middle of summer (July and August) is usually hot, with an average coastal temperature of around 33 °C (91 °F) during the day and around 23 °C (73 °F) at night. In the centre of the island – the highlands – the average temperature exceeds 35 °C (95 °F)) while between June and September on the coast the average temperature is usually around 30 °C (86 °F) during the day and around 20 °C (68 °F) at night. While large temperature fluctuations are rare on the coast, the centre of Cyprus has more variations – typically colder winters and hotter summers.[3]

Temperature of sea

The average annual temperature of the sea around Cyprus is 21–22 °C (70–72 °F), from 17 °C (63 °F) in February to 27–28 °C (81–82 °F) in August (depending on the location). In the seven months from May to November the average sea temperature exceeds 20 °C (68 °F).[4]

Sea temperature
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Paphos 18 17 17 18 20 24 26 27 26 24 22 19
Larnaca 18 17 17 18 20 24 26 27 27 25 22 19
Limassol 18 17 17 18 20 24 26 27 27 25 22 19
Argaka
Ayia Napa
Coral Bay
Famagusta
Kyrenia
Latchi
Nissi Bay
Peyia
Polis
Protaras

Sunshine

Cyprus receives an average of 2,700 to 3,500 hours per year. In winter, Cyprus receives an average of 5-6 hours of sunlight per day, half of the 12-13 hours experienced at the height of summer.[4] This is about double that of cities in the northern half of Europe; for comparison, London has 1,461 hours.[5] However, in winter there can be more than four times more sunshine; for comparison, London has 37 hours[5] while coastal locations in Cyprus have around 180 hours of sunshine in December (that is, as much as in May in London).

Charts of selected locations

On the coast

Climate data for Paphos airport - near sea (Satellite view)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 17.0
(62.6)		 16.9
(62.4)		 18.5
(65.3)		 21.3
(70.3)		 24.4
(75.9)		 27.7
(81.9)		 29.9
(85.8)		 30.4
(86.7)		 28.8
(83.8)		 26.6
(79.9)		 22.4
(72.3)		 18.6
(65.5)		 23.6
(74.5)
Daily mean °C (°F) 12.5
(54.5)		 12.3
(54.1)		 13.6
(56.5)		 16.3
(61.3)		 19.5
(67.1)		 22.8
(73)		 25.2
(77.4)		 25.7
(78.3)		 23.8
(74.8)		 21.5
(70.7)		 17.5
(63.5)		 14.2
(57.6)		 18.7
(65.7)
Average low °C (°F) 8.0
(46.4)		 7.6
(45.7)		 8.7
(47.7)		 11.3
(52.3)		 14.5
(58.1)		 17.8
(64)		 20.4
(68.7)		 21.0
(69.8)		 18.8
(65.8)		 16.4
(61.5)		 12.6
(54.7)		 9.7
(49.5)		 13.9
(57)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 80.2
(3.157)		 64.2
(2.528)		 34.3
(1.35)		 18.7
(0.736)		 5.30
(0.2087)		 1.60
(0.063)		 0.30
(0.0118)		 0.00
(0)		 3.80
(0.1496)		 18.0
(0.709)		 66.4
(2.614)		 93.9
(3.697)		 386.7
(15.224)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1 mm) 9.9 8.0 5.5 4.1 1.3 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.6 2.5 5.8 8.7 46.6
Mean monthly sunshine hours 195.3 211.7 244.9 270.0 344.1 381.0 390.6 365.8 315.0 285.2 225.0 186.0 3,414.6
Source: Meteorological Service (Cyprus)[6]
Climate data for Larnaca airport - near sea (Satellite view)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 16.8
(62.2)		 16.8
(62.2)		 19.1
(66.4)		 22.5
(72.5)		 26.5
(79.7)		 30.3
(86.5)		 32.4
(90.3)		 32.7
(90.9)		 30.9
(87.6)		 28.1
(82.6)		 22.6
(72.7)		 18.3
(64.9)		 24.7
(76.5)
Daily mean °C (°F) 12.1
(53.8)		 11.8
(53.2)		 13.9
(57)		 17.1
(62.8)		 21.2
(70.2)		 25.0
(77)		 27.3
(81.1)		 27.6
(81.7)		 25.4
(77.7)		 22.6
(72.7)		 17.5
(63.5)		 13.7
(56.7)		 19.6
(67.3)
Average low °C (°F) 7.5
(45.5)		 6.9
(44.4)		 8.7
(47.7)		 11.7
(53.1)		 16.0
(60.8)		 19.8
(67.6)		 22.2
(72)		 22.6
(72.7)		 19.9
(67.8)		 17.1
(62.8)		 12.5
(54.5)		 9.2
(48.6)		 14.5
(58.1)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 77.6
(3.055)		 40.9
(1.61)		 34.4
(1.354)		 17.7
(0.697)		 8.80
(0.3465)		 2.70
(0.1063)		 0.60
(0.0236)		 0.40
(0.0157)		 7.10
(0.2795)		 13.8
(0.543)		 53.1
(2.091)		 94.5
(3.72)		 351.5
(13.839)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1 mm) 7.9 5.7 4.5 3.1 0.7 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.5 2.1 4.7 8.0 37.6
Mean monthly sunshine hours 195.3 208.8 238.7 267.0 331.7 378.0 387.5 365.8 312.0 275.9 216.0 179.8 3,356.5
Source: Meteorological Service (Cyprus)[7]
Climate data for Polis (Satellite view)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 16.4
(61.5)		 16.3
(61.3)		 18.5
(65.3)		 21.5
(70.7)		 26.1
(79)		 30.5
(86.9)		 33.5
(92.3)		 33.3
(91.9)		 29.9
(85.8)		 26.5
(79.7)		 21.9
(71.4)		 17.8
(64)		 24.3
(75.7)
Daily mean °C (°F) 12.1
(53.8)		 11.8
(53.2)		 13.5
(56.3)		 16.3
(61.3)		 20.4
(68.7)		 24.7
(76.5)		 27.6
(81.7)		 27.6
(81.7)		 24.6
(76.3)		 21.4
(70.5)		 17.2
(63)		 13.6
(56.5)		 19.2
(66.6)
Average low °C (°F) 7.9
(46.2)		 7.3
(45.1)		 8.6
(47.5)		 11.1
(52)		 14.7
(58.5)		 18.8
(65.8)		 21.6
(70.9)		 21.8
(71.2)		 19.3
(66.7)		 16.3
(61.3)		 12.4
(54.3)		 9.4
(48.9)		 14.1
(57.4)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 79.9
(3.146)		 67.1
(2.642)		 37.6
(1.48)		 24.7
(0.972)		 7.20
(0.2835)		 1.50
(0.0591)		 0.20
(0.0079)		 0.00
(0)		 4.40
(0.1732)		 21.8
(0.858)		 55.3
(2.177)		 94.4
(3.717)		 394.2
(15.52)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1 mm) 10.1 8.3 6.5 4.2 1.8 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.6 2.9 5.7 9.1 49.4
Mean monthly sunshine hours 192.2 211.7 254.2 291.0 359.6 387.0 399.9 378.2 318.0 279.0 219.0 182.9 3,472.7
Source: Meteorological Service (Cyprus)[8]
Climate data for Paralimni - ~4km from sea, elevation: 70 m (Satellite view)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 16.0
(60.8)		 16.1
(61)		 18.7
(65.7)		 22.2
(72)		 26.8
(80.2)		 30.8
(87.4)		 33.1
(91.6)		 33.3
(91.9)		 31.2
(88.2)		 27.7
(81.9)		 21.7
(71.1)		 17.3
(63.1)		 24.6
(76.3)
Daily mean °C (°F) 12.3
(54.1)		 12.0
(53.6)		 14.2
(57.6)		 17.4
(63.3)		 21.8
(71.2)		 25.7
(78.3)		 28.2
(82.8)		 28.5
(83.3)		 26.1
(79)		 22.8
(73)		 17.6
(63.7)		 13.7
(56.7)		 20.0
(68)
Average low °C (°F) 8.6
(47.5)		 7.9
(46.2)		 9.7
(49.5)		 12.5
(54.5)		 16.8
(62.2)		 20.6
(69.1)		 23.4
(74.1)		 23.7
(74.7)		 20.9
(69.6)		 18.0
(64.4)		 13.4
(56.1)		 10.1
(50.2)		 15.5
(59.9)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 70.0
(2.756)		 62.0
(2.441)		 35.0
(1.378)		 15.0
(0.591)		 7.50
(0.2953)		 2.50
(0.0984)		 0.50
(0.0197)		 0.30
(0.0118)		 1.20
(0.0472)		 25.0
(0.984)		 45.0
(1.772)		 87.0
(3.425)		 351.0
(13.819)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1 mm) 8.2 5.6 4.7 3.5 1.2 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.6 2.5 4.9 7.3 38.9
Source: Meteorological Service (Cyprus)[9]
Climate data for Limassol - ~1 km from sea (Satellite view)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 17.6
(63.7)		 17.8
(64)		 20.0
(68)		 22.9
(73.2)		 26.9
(80.4)		 30.8
(87.4)		 33.2
(91.8)		 33.3
(91.9)		 31.3
(88.3)		 28.6
(83.5)		 23.5
(74.3)		 18.9
(66)		 25.4
(77.7)
Daily mean °C (°F) 13.2
(55.8)		 13.1
(55.6)		 15.2
(59.4)		 18.0
(64.4)		 21.8
(71.2)		 25.5
(77.9)		 27.8
(82)		 28.0
(82.4)		 26.0
(78.8)		 23.2
(73.8)		 18.5
(65.3)		 14.5
(58.1)		 20.4
(68.7)
Average low °C (°F) 8.8
(47.8)		 8.5
(47.3)		 10.4
(50.7)		 13.1
(55.6)		 16.7
(62.1)		 20.1
(68.2)		 22.4
(72.3)		 22.7
(72.9)		 20.6
(69.1)		 17.7
(63.9)		 13.5
(56.3)		 10.1
(50.2)		 15.4
(59.7)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 86.7
(3.413)		 66.9
(2.634)		 35.8
(1.409)		 18.4
(0.724)		 05.1
(0.201)		 01.4
(0.055)		 0.0
(0)		 0.0
(0)		 02.9
(0.114)		 13.1
(0.516)		 77.5
(3.051)		 99.7
(3.925)		 407.5
(16.043)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1 mm) 9.3 7.1 5.6 3.3 1.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.3 1.9 5.5 8.8 43.1
Source: Meteorological Service (Cyprus)[10]

Inland

Climate data for Nicosia, elevation: 162 m (Satellite view)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 15.5
(59.9)		 15.9
(60.6)		 19.2
(66.6)		 24.0
(75.2)		 29.7
(85.5)		 34.3
(93.7)		 37.2
(99)		 36.9
(98.4)		 33.5
(92.3)		 29.0
(84.2)		 22.1
(71.8)		 17.0
(62.6)		 26.2
(79.2)
Daily mean °C (°F) 10.6
(51.1)		 10.6
(51.1)		 13.1
(55.6)		 17.1
(62.8)		 22.3
(72.1)		 26.9
(80.4)		 29.7
(85.5)		 29.4
(84.9)		 26.2
(79.2)		 22.3
(72.1)		 16.3
(61.3)		 12.0
(53.6)		 19.7
(67.5)
Average low °C (°F) 5.7
(42.3)		 5.2
(41.4)		 7.0
(44.6)		 10.2
(50.4)		 14.8
(58.6)		 19.4
(66.9)		 22.2
(72)		 21.9
(71.4)		 18.8
(65.8)		 15.6
(60.1)		 10.4
(50.7)		 7.1
(44.8)		 13.2
(55.8)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 54.7
(2.154)		 41.6
(1.638)		 28.3
(1.114)		 19.9
(0.783)		 23.5
(0.925)		 17.6
(0.693)		 5.80
(0.2283)		 1.30
(0.0512)		 11.7
(0.461)		 17.4
(0.685)		 54.6
(2.15)		 65.8
(2.591)		 342.2
(13.472)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1 mm) 7.3 6.5 5.4 3.5 2.7 1.3 0.5 0.1 0.6 2.8 4.7 7.7 43.1
Mean monthly sunshine hours 182.9 200.1 238.7 267.0 331.7 369.0 387.5 365.8 312.0 275.9 213.0 170.5 3,314.1
Source: Meteorological Service (Cyprus)[11]
Climate data for Saittas near Moniatis and Trimiklini, elevation: 640 m (Satellite view)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 13.6
(56.5)		 13.9
(57)		 17.1
(62.8)		 21.5
(70.7)		 27.0
(80.6)		 31.5
(88.7)		 34.6
(94.3)		 34.3
(93.7)		 31.2
(88.2)		 26.8
(80.2)		 20.2
(68.4)		 15.2
(59.4)		 23.9
(75)
Daily mean °C (°F) 8.4
(47.1)		 8.5
(47.3)		 10.9
(51.6)		 14.8
(58.6)		 19.6
(67.3)		 23.8
(74.8)		 26.8
(80.2)		 26.5
(79.7)		 23.4
(74.1)		 19.7
(67.5)		 14.1
(57.4)		 10.0
(50)		 17.2
(63)
Average low °C (°F) 3.2
(37.8)		 3.1
(37.6)		 4.7
(40.5)		 8.0
(46.4)		 12.2
(54)		 16.1
(61)		 18.9
(66)		 18.7
(65.7)		 15.7
(60.3)		 12.5
(54.5)		 8.1
(46.6)		 4.7
(40.5)		 10.5
(50.9)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 117.6
(4.63)		 89.0
(3.504)		 70.3
(2.768)		 38.4
(1.512)		 20.1
(0.791)		 27.2
(1.071)		 4.9
(0.193)		 10.3
(0.406)		 11.7
(0.461)		 25.7
(1.012)		 93.9
(3.697)		 144.0
(5.669)		 653.2
(25.717)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1 mm) 10.3 9.1 8.4 5.5 2.7 2.1 0.7 1.1 1.4 3.3 7.0 9.2 60.9
Mean monthly sunshine hours 142.6 168.2 213.9 261.0 310.0 351.0 362.7 347.2 300.0 248.0 165.0 124.0 2,993.6
Source: Meteorological Service (Cyprus)[12]
Climate data for Prodromos in Troodos Mountains, elevation: 1380 m (Satellite view)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 6.3
(43.3)		 6.6
(43.9)		 10.3
(50.5)		 15.1
(59.2)		 20.5
(68.9)		 25.0
(77)		 28.1
(82.6)		 27.9
(82.2)		 24.4
(75.9)		 19.6
(67.3)		 12.8
(55)		 8.0
(46.4)		 17.1
(62.8)
Daily mean °C (°F) 3.5
(38.3)		 3.5
(38.3)		 6.6
(43.9)		 10.7
(51.3)		 15.8
(60.4)		 20.1
(68.2)		 23.3
(73.9)		 23.1
(73.6)		 19.6
(67.3)		 15.4
(59.7)		 9.5
(49.1)		 5.3
(41.5)		 13.0
(55.4)
Average low °C (°F) 0.7
(33.3)		 0.3
(32.5)		 2.8
(37)		 6.3
(43.3)		 11.1
(52)		 15.2
(59.4)		 18.4
(65.1)		 18.2
(64.8)		 14.9
(58.8)		 11.3
(52.3)		 6.2
(43.2)		 2.5
(36.5)		 9.0
(48.2)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 133.4
(5.252)		 123.6
(4.866)		 82.3
(3.24)		 56.9
(2.24)		 26.0
(1.024)		 40.0
(1.575)		 12.1
(0.476)		 10.0
(0.394)		 9.5
(0.374)		 24.0
(0.945)		 102.5
(4.035)		 169.7
(6.681)		 790.1
(31.106)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1 mm) 12.4 11.2 9.8 6.7 3.7 2.1 0.7 0.7 1.4 3.5 7.4 11.2 70.7
Mean monthly sunshine hours 130.2 150.8 195.3 231.0 275.9 315.0 328.6 310.0 255.0 220.1 165.0 136.4 2,713.3
Source: Meteorological Service (Cyprus)[13]

Precipitation

The higher mountain areas are cooler and moister than the rest of the island. They receive the heaviest annual rainfall, which may be as much as 1,000 millimeters (39.4 in). Sharp frost also occurs in the higher districts, which are usually blanketed with snow during the first months of the year. Precipitation increases from 450 millimeters (17.7 in) up the south-western windward slopes to nearly 1,100 millimeters (43.3 in) at the top of the Troodos massif. The narrow ridge of the Kyrenia range, stretching 160 km (99 mi) from west to east along the extreme north of the island produces a relatively small increase in rainfall of around 550 millimeters (21.7 in) along its ridge at an elevation of 1,000 meters (3,281 ft). Plains along the northern coast and in the Karpass Peninsula area average 400 to 450 millimeters (15.7 to 17.7 in) of annual rainfall. The least rainfall occurs in the Mesaoria, with 300 to 400 millimeters (11.8 to 15.7 in) a year. Variability in annual rainfall is characteristic for the island, however, and droughts are frequent and sometimes severe. Statistical analysis of rainfall in Cyprus reveals a decreasing trend of rainfall amounts in the last 30 years. Earthquakes, usually not destructive, occur from time to time.

Rainfall in the warmer months contributes little or nothing to water resources and agriculture. Autumn and winter rainfall, on which agriculture and water supply generally depend, is somewhat variable from year to year.

Other information

Sandstorm in the Levant, October 19, 2002

The Mediterranean climate, warm and rather dry, with rainfall mainly between November and March, favors agriculture. In general, the island experiences mild wet winters and dry hot summers. Variations in temperature and rainfall are governed by altitude and, to a lesser extent, distance from the coast. Hot, dry summers from mid-May to mid-September and rainy, rather changeable winters from November to mid-March are separated by short autumn and spring seasons.

In summer the island is mainly under the influence of a shallow trough of low pressure extending from the great continental depression centred over Western Asia. It is a season of high temperatures with almost cloudless skies.

In winter Cyprus is near the track of fairly frequent small depressions which cross the Mediterranean Sea from west to east between the continental anticyclone of Eurasia and the generally low pressure belt of North Africa. These depressions give periods of disturbed weather usually lasting for a day or so and produce most of the annual precipitation, the average rainfall from December to February being about 60% of the average annual total precipitation for the island as a whole, which is 500 millimeters (19.7 in).

Humidity

Relative humidity of the air is on average between 60% and 80% in winter and between 40% and 60% in summer with even lower values over inland areas around midday. Fog is infrequent and visibility is generally very good. Sunshine is abundant during the whole year and particularly from April to September when the average duration of bright sunshine exceeds 11 hours per day.

Winds

Winds are generally light to moderate and variable in direction. Strong winds may occur sometimes, but gales are infrequent over Cyprus and are mainly confined to exposed coastal areas as well as areas at high elevation.

Temperature and precipitation charts

Paphos
Climate chart (explanation)
JFMAMJJASOND
 
 
80
 
 
17
8
 
 
64
 
 
17
8
 
 
34
 
 
19
9
 
 
19
 
 
21
11
 
 
5.3
 
 
24
15
 
 
1.6
 
 
28
18
 
 
0.3
 
 
30
20
 
 
0
 
 
30
21
 
 
3.8
 
 
29
19
 
 
18
 
 
27
16
 
 
66
 
 
23
13
 
 
94
 
 
19
10
Average max. and min. temperatures in °C
Precipitation totals in mm
Source: World Meteorological Organization
Larnaca
Climate chart (explanation)
JFMAMJJASOND
 
 
78
 
 
17
8
 
 
41
 
 
17
7
 
 
34
 
 
19
9
 
 
18
 
 
23
12
 
 
8.8
 
 
27
16
 
 
2.7
 
 
30
20
 
 
0.6
 
 
32
22
 
 
0.4
 
 
33
23
 
 
7.1
 
 
31
20
 
 
14
 
 
28
17
 
 
53
 
 
23
13
 
 
95
 
 
18
9
Average max. and min. temperatures in °C
Precipitation totals in mm
Source: World Meteorological Organization
Limassol
Climate chart (explanation)
JFMAMJJASOND
 
 
87
 
 
18
9
 
 
67
 
 
18
9
 
 
36
 
 
20
10
 
 
18
 
 
23
13
 
 
5.1
 
 
27
17
 
 
1.4
 
 
31
20
 
 
0
 
 
33
22
 
 
0
 
 
33
23
 
 
2.9
 
 
31
21
 
 
13
 
 
29
18
 
 
78
 
 
24
14
 
 
100
 
 
19
10
Average max. and min. temperatures in °C
Precipitation totals in mm
Source: World Meteorological Organization
Nicosia
Climate chart (explanation)
JFMAMJJASOND
 
 
48
 
 
15
5
 
 
47
 
 
16
5
 
 
37
 
 
19
6
 
 
22
 
 
24
10
 
 
22
 
 
30
15
 
 
7
 
 
34
19
 
 
1
 
 
37
22
 
 
7
 
 
37
22
 
 
6
 
 
34
19
 
 
22
 
 
28
15
 
 
31
 
 
22
10
 
 
58
 
 
17
7
Average max. and min. temperatures in °C
Precipitation totals in mm
Source: World Meteorological Organization
Troodos Mountains
Climate chart (explanation)
JFMAMJJASOND
 
 
133
 
 
6
1
 
 
124
 
 
7
0
 
 
82
 
 
10
3
 
 
57
 
 
15
6
 
 
26
 
 
21
11
 
 
40
 
 
25
15
 
 
12
 
 
28
18
 
 
10
 
 
28
18
 
 
9.5
 
 
24
15
 
 
24
 
 
20
11
 
 
103
 
 
13
6
 
 
170
 
 
8
3
Average max. and min. temperatures in °C
Precipitation totals in mm
Source: World Meteorological Organization

References

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