Coat of arms of Navarre

Coat of arms of Navarre
Details
Adopted	1981 (1234)
Crest	Spanish Royal crown
Escutcheon	Gules, a cross, saltire and orle of chains linked together Or, in the fess point an emerald vert.

The coat of arms of Navarre is the heraldic emblem which for centuries has been used in Navarre. It was adopted as one of the official symbols of the foral community of Navarre and is regulated by Foral Law 24/2003. It is commonly used by Navarrese municipalities in their own arms.

Seal of Theobald I of Navarre

Early standard of the Kings of Navarre from 1212

An early appearance of the symbol was in a seal of Theobald I of Navarre, who had inherited the throne of the Kingdom of Navarre from his maternal uncle. This design may have been based on the heraldic carbuncle symbol of eight radially arranged rods.

By the 15th century, the mythology of the arms would trace it back to the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa in 1212 involving Sancho VII of Navarre, where the cavalry broke the chains of the caliph's slave-warriors and captured an emerald among other prizes.

Following the Spanish conquest of Iberian Navarre in 1512, the coat of arms of Navarre was incorporated into the coat of arms of Spain and is currently positioned as the fourth quarter.^[1]

From 1589, when Henry king of lower Navarre also became king of France, to the French revolution in 1792, the royal arms of France also used the arms of Navarre. The arms are now part of those used by the French department of Pyrénées-Atlantiques.

The coat of arms of Basque Country adopted in 1936 included the arms of Navarre in the fourth quarter, but these were soon suppressed by Franco. Following his death, they were revived, but following a legal suit by the Navarre government claiming that the usage of the arms of a region on the flag of another was illegal, in 1986 the Constitutional Court of Spain forced the Basque government to remove the chains of Navarre, leaving the red background.^[2] The arms remain in the unofficial Zazpiak Bat.

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  The current coat of arms of Spain

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  The royal coat of arms of France and Navarre (1589-1792)

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  The arms of the French department of Pyrénées-Atlantiques

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  The plain red fourth quarter of the Basque coat of arms once showed the linked chains of Navarre.

History

Navarre 16th century Navarre 17th-19th centuries

Official model

In 1910 the Diputación Foral of Navarre approved the first design official of Coat of Arms of Navarre.

The event coincided with the celebration of the seven hundredth anniversary of the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa to a legend whose origin attributed the origin of the chains of the coat of arms.

The agreement stated:

El escudo de armas de Navarra tiene como elementos esenciales, según tradición constante, cadenas de oro sobre fondo de gules con una esmeralda en el centro de unión de los ocho brazos de eslabones.

(The coat of arms of Navarre is essential, according to constant tradition, gold chains gules background with an emerald in the center of union of the eight arms of links.)

— Agreement of 22 January 1910

The agreement included a picture with the coat of arms with a royal crown from which nothing said the text of the agreement, but that was the purpose of the first amendment in 1931, two months after the proclamation of the Second Spanish Republic.

On July 8 of that year the Diputación Foral agreed to replace the royal crown by a mural in the same way as had been done with the Coat of arms of Spain. Six years later, after starting the Spanish Civil War, mural crown was again replaced by the royal crown (2 April 1931) and a few months later he signed a decree Francisco Franco (BOE of 14 November) handed to the province of Navarre the Laureate Cross of San Fernando in recognition of their help in the War. The Diputación was quick to adapt the coat of arms model to the new element and as in previous cases the agreement included a picture.

After the Francoist regime, the Laureate Cross of San Fernando was removed, causing great controversy between supporters and opponents of withdrawal. In 1981 the Parlament Foral of Navarre drafted a text that largely recovers the agreement of 1910.^[3]

“The coat of arms of Navarre consists of gold chains on a red background, with an emerald in the centre of the nexus between its eight arms of links and, above them, the Royal Crown, the symbol of the Ancient Kingdom of Navarre”.

— Article 7.1 of the Ley Orgánica de Reintegración y Amejoramiento del Régimen Foral de Navarra (LORAFNA), of 10 August 1982^[4]

The agreement was reproduced in "Law of Reintegration and Improvement of the Foral Regime of Navarre" (LORAFNA), the equivalent of Navarre to autonomous status, that adapted their traditional laws to the new situation in which Spain is divided in autonomous communities.

Would subsequently regulate the symbols of the community (laws Navarre symbols of 1986 and 2003)

In 1985 Domingo Aznar Magaña performs a design adaptation coat of arms, for used in formal events, ornamentals and the flag of Navarre.

That same year, the Government of Navarre (before Diputación Foral of Navarre) approved a simplified design for its corporate image.^[3]

Kingdom of Spain 1910 - 1930 Second Republic 1931 - 1937 Francoist 1937 - 1981

In the modern era, Navarre has had three different official designs before moving to the current design. The arms were changed with every change of regime.

References

1. Elementos básicos de la imagen institucional
2. "Ajuria Enea retira las cadenas de Navarra de su escudo" (in Spanish). El Mundo. Retrieved 2007-09-29.
3. Menéndez Pidal de Navascués, Faustino (2000). El Escudo de Armas de Navarra (Coat of Armas of Navarre). Pamplona: Government of Navarre. ISBN 84-235-2016-1.
4. "The Symbols of Navarra". Navarra.es. Government of Navarre. Retrieved 26 February 2013.