Coenraad Jacob Temminck

Coenraad Jacob Temminck
Born	31 March 1778 Amsterdam, Dutch Republic
Died	30 January 1858 (aged 79) Leiden, Netherlands
Citizenship	Netherlands
Fields	Zoology
Institutions	National Natural History Museum at Leiden
Notable students	Hermann Schlegel
Author abbrev. (zoology)	Temminck

Coenraad Jacob Temminck (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈkunraːt ˈjaːkɔp ˈtɛmɪŋk];^[1] 31 March 1778 – 30 January 1858) was a Dutch aristocrat, zoologist, and museum director.^[2]

Biography

Coenraad Jacob Temminck was born on 31 March 1778 in Amsterdam in the Dutch Republic. From his father, who was treasurer of the Dutch East India Company, he inherited a large collection of bird specimens.

Temminck's Manuel d'ornithologie, ou Tableau systématique des oiseaux qui se trouvent en Europe (1815) was the standard work on European birds for many years. He was also the author of Histoire naturelle générale des Pigeons et des Gallinacées (1813–1817), Nouveau Recueil de Planches coloriées d'Oiseaux (1820–1839), and contributed to the mammalian sections of Philipp Franz von Siebold's Fauna japonica (1844–1850).

Temminck was the first director of the National Museum of Natural History in Leiden from 1820 until his death. In 1831, he was elected a foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. In 1836 he became member of the Royal Institute, predecessor of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences.^[3]

Temminck died on 30 January 1858, at the age of 79, in Leiden, Netherlands.

Bibliography

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• Histoire naturelle générale des pigeons et des gallinacés. Sepps, Amsterdam 1808–15.
• Manuel d'ornithologie  ou  Tableau systématique des oiseaux qui se trouvent en Europe. Sepps & Dufour, Amsterdam, Paris 1815–40.
• Observations sur la classification méthodique des oiseaux et remarques sur l'analyse d'une nouvelle ornithologie élémentaire. Dufour, Amsterdam, Paris 1817.
• Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d'oiseaux, pour servir de suite et de complément aux planches enluminées de Buffon. Dufour & d'Ocagne, Paris 1821.
• Atlas des oiseaux d'Europe, pour servir de complément au Manuel d'ornithologie de M. Temminck. Belin, Paris 1826–42.
• Monographies de mammalogie. Dufour & d'Ocagne, Paris, Leiden 1827–41.
• Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d'oiseaux. Levrault, Paris 1838.
• Iconographie ornithologique ou nouveau recueil général de planches peintes d'oiseaux Paris, 1845-1849.
• Coup-d'oeil général sur les possessions néerlandaises dans l'Inde archipélagique. Arnz, Leiden 1846–49.
• Esquisses zoologiques sur la côte de Guiné ... le partie, les mammifères. Brill, Leiden 1853.
• Las Posesiones holandesas en el Archipiélago de la India. Manila 1855.

Species named after Temminck

A large number of animals were named for Temminck in the 19th century. Among those still in use are:^[4]

• Sharks and fishes:
  • Broadfin shark Lamiopsis temminckii
  • Kissing gourami Helostoma temminckii
  • Goldribbon soapfish Aulacocephalus temminckii
  • Ancistrus temminckii (a catfish)
  • Ditrema temminckii (a surfperch)
  • Samoan silverside Hypoatherina temminckii
  • Dark chub Zacco temminckii (a carp)
  • Threadfin wrasse Cirrhilabrus temminckii
• Reptiles:
  • Alligator snapping turtle Macrochelys temminckii
  • Sphenomorphus temmincki (a skink)
• Birds:
  • Temminck's cormorant Phalacrocorax capillatus
  • Temminck's tragopan Tragopan temminckii
  • Temminck's courser Cursorius temminckii
  • Temminck's stint Calidris temminckii
  • Malaysian eared nightjar Eurostopodus temminckii
  • Purple-winged roller Coracias temminckii
  • Temminck's hornbill Penelopides exarhatus
  • Ochre-collared piculet Picumnus temminckii
  • Sulawesi pygmy woodpecker Dendrocopos temminckii
  • Temminck's fruit-dove Ptilinopus porphyreus
  • Cerulean cuckooshrike Coracina temminckii
  • Australian logrunner Orthonyx temminckii
  • Temminck's sunbird Aethopyga temminckii
  • Temminck's lark Eremophila bilopha
  • Temminck's babbler Pellorneum pyrrhogenys
  • Temminck's seedeater Sporophila falcirostris
• Mammals:
  • Temminck's pangolin Manis temminckii
  • Temminck's mole Mogera wogura
  • Temminck's golden cat Catopuma temminckii
  • Dwarf dog-faced bat Molossops temminckii
  • Temminck's flying fox Pteropus temminckii
  • Temminck's tailless fruit bat Megaerops ecaudatus
  • Temminck's red colobus Pilocolobus badius temminckii (subspecies)
  • Temminck's giant squirrel Epixerus ebii
  • Temminck's flying squirrel Petinomys setosus

References

1. First two words in isolation: [ˈkunraːt ˈjaːkɔp].
2. Gasso Miracle, M.E. 2008 The significance of Temminck's work on biogeography: Early nineteenth century natural history in Leiden, the Netherlands. Journal of the History of Biology 41(4):677–716
3. "Coenraad Jacob Temminck (1778 - 1858)". Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 17 July 2015.
4. http://zoohistory.co.uk/html/modules/Downloads/files/whowaswho.pdf

External links

Primary works

• (French) Fauna Japonica (1833)
• (French) Iconographie ornithologique ou nouveau recueil général de planches peintes d'oiseaux (1845-1849)
• (French) Esquisses zoologiques sur la côte de Guiné ... le partie, les mammifères (1853)

Secondary works

• (German) Erwin Stresemann, Analyse von C. J. Temmincks "Catalogue systématique" (1807), Zoologische Mededelingen Vol. 31, 1953, p. 319–331
• A.J.P. Raat, Alexander von Humboldt and Coenraad Jacob Temminck, Zoologische Bijdragen, Vol. 21, 1976, p. 19–38