Mevastatin

Mevastatin

Systematic (IUPAC) name
(1S,7R,8S,8aR)-8-{2-[(2R,4R)-4-Hydroxy-6-oxotetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl]ethyl}-7-methyl-1,2,3,7,8,8a-hexahydronaphthalen-1-yl (2S)-2-methylbutanoate
Identifiers
CAS Number	73573-88-3
ATC code	none
PubChem	CID 64715
IUPHAR/BPS	3031
DrugBank	DB06693
ChemSpider	58262
UNII	1UQM1K0W9X
KEGG	C13963
ChEBI	CHEBI:34848
ChEMBL	CHEMBL54440
Chemical data
Formula	C23H34O5
Molar mass	390.513 g/mol
SMILES O=C(O[C@@H]1[C@H]3C(=C/CC1)\C=C/[C@@H]([C@@H]3CC[C@H]2OC(=O)C[C@H](O)C2)C)[C@@H](C)CC
InChI InChI=1S/C23H34O5/c1-4-14(2)23(26)28-20-7-5-6-16-9-8-15(3)19(22(16)20)11-10-18-12-17(24)13-21(25)27-18/h6,8-9,14-15,17-20,22,24H,4-5,7,10-13H2,1-3H3/t14-,15-,17+,18+,19-,20-,22-/m0/s1 Key:AJLFOPYRIVGYMJ-INTXDZFKSA-N
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Mevastatin (compactin, ML-236B) is a hypolipidemic agent that belongs to the statins class.

It was isolated from the mold Penicillium citrinum by Akira Endo in the 1970s, and he identified it as a HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor,^[1] i.e., a statin. Mevastatin might be considered the first statin drug;^[2] clinical trials on mevastatin were performed in the late 1970s in Japan, but it was never marketed.^[3] The first statin drug available to the general public was lovastatin.

In vitro, it has antiproliferative properties.^[4]

A British group isolated the same compound from Penicillium brevicompactum, named it compactin, and published their results in 1976.^[5] The British group mentions antifungal properties with no mention of HMG-CoA reductase inhibition.

High doses inhibit growth and proliferation of melanoma cells.^[6]

See also

• Medicinal molds

References

1. Endo, Akira; Kuroda M.; Tsujita Y. (December 1976). "ML-236A, ML-236B, and ML-236C, new inhibitors of cholesterogenesis produced by Penicillium citrinium". Journal of Antibiotics (Tokyo) 29 (12): 1346–8. doi:10.7164/antibiotics.29.1346. PMID 1010803.
2. "The story of statins". Archived from the original on December 21, 2008.
3. Endo, Akira (Oct 2004). "The origin of the statins". Atheroscler. Suppl. 5 (3): 125–30. doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosissup.2004.08.033. PMID 15531285.
4. Wachtershauser, A.; Akoglu, B; Stein, J (2001). "HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor mevastatin enhances the growth inhibitory effect of butyrate in the colorectal carcinoma cell line Caco-2". Carcinogenesis 22 (7): 1061–7. doi:10.1093/carcin/22.7.1061. PMID 11408350.
5. Brown, Allan G.; Smale, Terry C.; King, Trevor J.; Hasenkamp, Rainer; Thompson, Ronald H. (1976). "Crystal and molecular structure of compactin, a new antifungal metabolite from Penicillium brevicompactum.". J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1 (11): 1165–1170. doi:10.1039/P19760001165. PMID 945291.
6. Glynn, Sharon A; O'Sullivan, Dermot; Eustace, Alex J; Clynes, Martin; O'Donovan, Norma (2008). "The 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme a reductase inhibitors, simvastatin, lovastatin and mevastatin inhibit proliferation and invasion of melanoma cells". BMC Cancer 8: 9. doi:10.1186/1471-2407-8-9. PMC 2253545. PMID 18199328.