Compactness measure of a shape

The compactness measure of a shape, sometimes called the shape factor, is a numerical quantity representing the degree to which a shape is compact. The meaning of "compact" here is not related to the topological notion of compact space. Various compactness measures are used. However, these measures have the following in common:

A common compactness measure is the isoperimetric quotient, the ratio of the area of the shape to the area of a circle (the most compact shape) having the same perimeter.

Compactness measures can be defined for three-dimensional shapes as well, typically as functions of volume and surface area. One example of a compactness measure is sphericity \Psi. Another measure in use is (\mathrm{surface area})^{1.5}/(\mathrm{volume}),[1] which is proportional to \Psi^{-3/2}.

A common use of compactness measures is in redistricting. The goal is to maximize the compactness of electoral districts, subject to other constraints, and thereby to avoid gerrymandering.[2] Another use is in zoning, to regulate the manner in which land can be subdivided into building lots.[3] Another use is in pattern classification projects so that you can classify the circle from other shapes.

See also

References

  1. U.S. Patent 6,169,817
  2. Rick Gillman "Geometry and Gerrymandering", Math Horizons, Vol. 10, #1 (Sep, 2002) 10-13.
  3. MacGillis, Alec (2006-11-15). "Proposed Rule Aims to Tame Irregular Housing Lots". The Washington Post. p. B5. Retrieved 2006-11-15.


This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the Thursday, April 21, 2016. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.