Corylus cornuta

Corylus cornuta
Beaked Hazel foliage
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Angiosperms
(unranked): Eudicots
(unranked): Rosids
Order: Fagales
Family: Betulaceae
Genus: Corylus
Species: C. cornuta
Binomial name
Corylus cornuta
Marshall
Natural range of Corylus cornuta
Beaked Hazel (Corylus cornuta), raw
Nutritional value per 100 g (3.5 oz)
Energy 2,629 kJ (628 kcal)
22.98 g
Dietary fiber 9.8 g
52.99 g
14.89 g
Vitamins
Thiamine (B1)
(42%)

0.480 mg

Riboflavin (B2)
(13%)

0.160 mg

Niacin (B3)
(21%)

3.190 mg

Vitamin B6
(42%)

0.550 mg

Minerals
Calcium
(44%)

441 mg

Iron
(24%)

3.12 mg

Magnesium
(66%)

235 mg

Manganese
(362%)

7.600 mg

Phosphorus
(59%)

411 mg

Potassium
(16%)

738 mg

Sodium
(0%)

2 mg

Zinc
(22%)

2.06 mg

Other constituents
Water 5.92 g

Percentages are roughly approximated using US recommendations for adults.
Source: USDA Nutrient Database

Corylus cornuta (Beaked Hazel) is a deciduous shrubby hazel found in most of North America, from southern Canada south to Georgia and California. It grows in dry woodlands and forest edges and can reach 4–8 metres (13–26 ft) tall with stems 10–25 centimetres (3.9–9.8 in) thick with smooth gray bark. The leaves are rounded oval, coarsely double-toothed, 5–11 centimetres (2.0–4.3 in) long and 3–8 centimetres (1.2–3.1 in) broad, with hairy undersides. The flowers are catkins that form in the fall and pollinate in the following spring.

Corylus cornuta is named from its fruit, which is a nut enclosed in a husk with a tubular extension 2–4 centimetres (0.79–1.57 in) long that resembles a beak. Tiny filaments protrude from the husk and may stick into, and irritate, skin that contacts them. The spherical nuts, which are surrounded by a hard shell, are edible.

There are two varieties:[1]

The seeds are dispersed by jays and rodents such as red squirrels and least chipmunks.[1] Although C. cornuta is somewhat shade tolerant, it more common in open forests than denser ones.[1] Fire kills the above-ground portion of the shrub, but it resprouts fairly readily after fire, and in fact American Indians in California and Oregon used fire to encourage hazelnut growth, as they used hazelnuts for food, baskets, medicine, and other purposes.[1]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Fryer, Janet L. (2007). "Corylus cornuta". Fire Effects Information System.
  2. Chesnut, Victor King (1902). Plants used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California. Government Printing Office. p. 405. Retrieved 24 August 2012.

External links


This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the Tuesday, February 02, 2016. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.