Cosmetic palette

The Four Dogs Palette, Room 20 of the Louvre.

The cosmetic palettes of middle to late predynastic Egypt are archaeological artefacts, originally used to grind and apply ingredients for facial or body cosmetics. The decorative palettes of the late 4th millennium BCE appear to have lost this function and became commemorative, ornamental, and possibly ceremonial. They were made almost exclusively out of siltstone with a few exceptions. The siltstone originated from quarries in the Wadi Hammamat.

Many of the palettes were found at Hierakonpolis, a centre of power in pre-dynastic Upper Egypt. After the unification of the country, the palettes ceased to be included in tomb assemblages.

Notable palettes

Notable decorative palettes are:

• The Narmer Palette, thought by some to depict the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt under the pharaoh Narmer, Egyptian Museum, Cairo
• Libyan Palette, Egyptian Museum, Cairo
• The Dogs Palette, displaying African wild dogs,^[1] giraffes, and other quadrupeds, Louvre
• The Battlefield Palette, British Museum and Ashmolean Museum
• The Bulls Palette, showing a bull, representing the king, goring his enemies
• The Hunters Palette, British Museum and Louvre

Even undecorated palettes were often given pleasing shapes, such as the zoomorphic palettes, which included turtles and, very commonly, fish. The fish zoomorphic palette often had an upper-centrally formed hole, presumably for suspension, and thus display.

The Near East stone palettes are from Canaan,^[2] Bactria, and Gandhara.

History of Egyptian palettes

Siltstone was first utilized for cosmetic palettes by the Badarian culture. The first palettes used in the Badarian Period and in Naqada I were usually plain, rhomboidal or rectangular in shape, without any further decoration. It is in the Naqada II period in which the zoomorphic palette is most common. On these examples there is more focus on symbolism and display, rather than a purely functional object for grinding pigments. The importance of symbolism eventually outweighs the functional aspect with the more elite examples found in the Naqada III period, but there is also a reversion to non-zoomorphic designs among non-elite individuals.

List of ancient Egyptian Predynastic palettes

Name	Dimensions	Location	Notes + Topic
Battlefield Palette Vultures Palette, etc.	Full Height? 50 x 32 cm-(?) (20 x 13 in)	British Museum	Side A: war; Side B: peace ('Order vs Chaos')
Bull Palette
Hunters Palette	30.5 x 15 cm (12 x 6 in)	British Museum
Libyan Palette
Min Palette
Narmer Palette Great Hierakonpolis Palette	64 x 42 cm (25 x 17 in)	Louvre	Unification of Southern Egypt, Delta Egypt

See also

• List of ancient Egyptian palettes
• Narmer Palette
• Stone palette
• Zoomorphic palette

References

• David Wengrow, The Archaeology of Early Egypt: Social Transformations in North East Africa, Cambridge University Press 2006
• Erik Hornung, Conceptions of God in Ancient Egypt: the one and the many, Cornell University Press 1982

1. Baines, J. (1993). Symbolic roles of canine figures on early monuments. Archéo-Nil: Revue de la société pour l'étude des cultures prépharaoniques de la vallée du Nil, 3, 57-74.
2. Festschrift, Rëuben R. Hecht, Korén Publishers 1979

External links

• Corpus of Egyptian Late Predynastic Palettes by Francesco Raffaele
• Cosmetic Palettes, University College London