Crassostrea

Crassostrea Temporal range: 145.5–0 Ma PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N
Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Bivalvia
Order:	Ostreoida
Family:	Ostreidae
Genus:	Crassostrea
Species
See text.
Synonyms
Ostrea (Crassostrea) Dall, 1909

Crassostrea gigantissima (Finch, 1824) from the Eocene of Texas.

Crassostrea gigantissima (Finch, 1824) right valve interior (Eocene of Texas).

Crassostrea is a genus of true oysters (family Ostreidae) containing the most important oysters used for food.

Species

• Crassostrea (Sacco 1897)^[1]
  • †Crassostrea alabamiensis (Lea 1833)
  • Crassostrea amasa (Iredale 1939) (syn. Saccostrea scyphophilla)^[1]
  • Crassostrea angulata (Lamarck 1819) – Portuguese oyster
  • Crassostrea ariakensis (Fujita 1913) – Suminoe oyster^[1]
  • †Crassostrea ashleyi (Hertlein 1943) (syn. Ostrea arnoldi)
  • Crassostrea belcheri (G.B. Sowerby II 1871)^[1]
  • Crassostrea bilineata (Röding 1798)^[1]
  • Crassostrea brasiliana (Lamarck 1819) (syn. C. brasiliensis)^[1]
  • †Crassostrea cahobasensis (Pilsbry and Brown 1910)
  • Crassostrea chilensis (Philippi 1845)
  • Crassostrea columbiensis (Hanley 1846)^[1]
  • †Crassostrea contracta (Conrad 1865)
  • Crassostrea corteziensis (Hertlein 1951)
  • †Crassostrea cucullaris (Lamarck 1819)
  • Crassostrea cucullata (Born) (syn. Saccostrea cucullata)^[1]
  • †Crassostrea cuebana (Jung 1974)
  • Crassostrea dactylena (Iredale 1939)^[1]
  • Crassostrea echinata (Quoy & Gaimard 1835) (syn. Saccostrea echinata)^[1]
  • Crassostrea gasar (Dautzenberg 1891) – mangrove oyster^[1]
  • †Crassostrea gigantissima (Finch 1824) – Giant fossil oyster
  • Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg 1793) (syn. C. talienwhanensis) – Pacific oyster^[1]
  • Crassostrea glomerata (Gould 1850) – Auckland oyster
  • †Crassostrea gryphoides (Schlotheim 1813)
  • †Crassostrea hatcheri (Ihering 1899)
  • Crassostrea hongkongensis (Lam & Morton 2003)^[1]
  • †Crassostrea ingens (Zittel 1864)
  • Crassostrea iredalei (Sacco 1932) – Faustino
  • †Crassostrea kawauchidensis (Tamura 1977)
  • Crassostrea margaritacea (Lamarck 1819) (syn. Striostrea margaritacea)^[1]
  • Crassostrea nippona (Seki 1934)^[1]
  • Crassostrea paraibanensis (Singarajah 1980)^[1]
  • †Crassostrea patagonica (d'Orbigny 1842) (syn. Ostrea ferrarisi)
  • †Crassostrea raincourti (Deshayes 1858)
  • Crassostrea rhizophorae (Guilding 1828)^[1]
  • Crassostrea rivularis (Gould 1861)^[1]
  • Crassostrea sikamea (Amemiya 1928) – Kumamoto oyster^[1]
  • †Crassostrea titan (Conrad 1853) (syn. Ostrea prior, O. andersoni)
  • †Crassostrea transitoria (Hupé 1854) (syn. Ostrea maxima)
  • Crassostrea tulipa (Lamarck 1819)^[1]
  • Crassostrea virginica (Gmelin 1791) – Eastern oyster^[1]

Genetics

The genome of Crassostrea gigas has been recently sequenced ^[2] revealing an extensive set of genes that enable it to cope with environmental stresses.

References

• Crassostrea on britannica.com.
• The Paleobiology Database Crassostrea entry accessed on 29 April 2010.

^[2]

1. Taxon list for Crassostrea. World Register of Marine Species, accessed on 1 March 2012.
2. Zhang, G.; Fang, X.; Guo, X.; Li, L.; Luo, R.; Xu, F.; Yang, P.; Zhang, L.; Wang, X.; Qi, H.; Xiong, Z.; Que, H.; Xie, Y.; Holland, P. W. H.; Paps, J.; Zhu, Y.; Wu, F.; Chen, Y.; Wang, J.; Peng, C.; Meng, J.; Yang, L.; Liu, J.; Wen, B.; Zhang, N.; Huang, Z.; Zhu, Q.; Feng, Y.; Mount, A.; Hedgecock, D. (2012). "The oyster genome reveals stress adaptation and complexity of shell formation". Nature 490 (7418): 49–54. doi:10.1038/nature11413. PMID 22992520.