Creta et Cyrenaica

Provincia Creta et Cyrene
Ἐπαρχία τῆς Κρήτης καὶ τῆς Κυρηναϊκῆς

Province of the Roman Empire

20 BC–c. 297 AD

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Roman province of Creta et Cyrenaica highlighted.

Capital

Gortyn

History

•

Established

20 BC

•

Disestablished

c. 297 AD

Today part of

Greece

Libya

Creta et Cyrenaica was a senatorial province of the Roman empire created in 20 BC. It comprised the island of Crete and the region of Cyrenaica in north Africa (mod. E. Libya).

History

Marcus Antonius Creticus attacked Crete in 71 BC and was repelled. Rome then sent Quintus Caecilius Metellus with three legions to the island. After a ferocious three-year campaign Crete was conquered for Rome in 69 BC, Metellus earning the agnomen "Creticus" for his efforts. At the archaeological sites, there seems to be little evidence of widespread damage associated with the transfer to Roman power: a single palatial house complex seems to have been razed. Gortyn seems to have been pro-Roman and was rewarded by being made the capital of the joint province of Creta et Cyrenaica. The Kitos War in 115-117CE, however, seems to have devastated the region. In the widespread revolts it was estimated that around 220,000 Cyrenean Greeks were killed.

History of Crete

Minoan period Mycenean period Classical and Hellenistic period Roman period First Byzantine period Arab period Second Byzantine period Venetian period Cretan War Ottoman period Great Cretan Revolution Cretan State World War II Battle of Crete Resistance

Provinces of the Roman Empire at its greatest extent (117 AD)

Achaea Aegyptus Africa proconsularis Alpes Cottiae Alpes Maritimae Alpes Poeninae Arabia Petraea Armenia Asia Assyria Bithynia et Pontus Britannia Cappadocia Cilicia Corsica et Sardinia Creta et Cyrenaica Cyprus Dacia Dalmatia Epirus Galatia Gallia Aquitania Gallia Belgica Gallia Lugdunensis Gallia Narbonensis Germania Inferior Germania Superior Hispania Baetica Hispania Tarraconensis Italia ^† Iudaea Lusitania Lycia et Pamphylia Macedonia Mauretania Caesariensis Mauretania Tingitana Mesopotamia Moesia Inferior Moesia Superior Noricum Pannonia Inferior Pannonia Superior Raetia Sicilia Syria Thracia ^† Italy was never constituted as a province, instead retaining a special juridical status until Diocletian's reforms.

Coordinates: 35°03′44″N 24°56′49″E / 35.0621°N 24.9470°E / 35.0621; 24.9470

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