Cyclopropanone

Cyclopropanone
Names
IUPAC name
cyclopropanone
Identifiers
5009-27-8 YesY
ChemSpider 122027 YesY
Jmol interactive 3D Image
Image
PubChem 138404
Properties
C3H4O
Molar mass 56.06326
Density 0.867 g/mL at 25 °C
Melting point −90 °C (−130 °F; 183 K)
Boiling point 50 to 53 °C (122 to 127 °F; 323 to 326 K) at 22 mmHg
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

Cyclopropanone is an organic compound with molecular formula C3H4O consisting of a cyclopropane carbon framework with a ketone functional group. The parent compound is labile with melting point −90 °C and has been prepared by reaction of ketene with diazomethane at −145 °C.[1][2] Derivatives of cyclopropanone are of some interest to organic chemistry.[3]

In organic synthesis the use of cyclopropanone itself is substituted by that of synthons like acetals cyclopropanone ethyl hemiacetal[4] or cyclopropanone ethyl trimethylsilyl acetal.[5]

Derivatives

Cyclopropanones are intermediates in the Favorskii rearrangement with cyclic ketones where carboxylic acid formation is accompanied by ring-contraction.

An interesting feature of cyclopropanones is that they react as 1,3-dipoles in cycloadditions for instance with cyclic dienes such as furan.[6][7] An oxyallyl intermediate or valence tautomer (formed by cleavage of the C2-C3 bond) is suggested as the active intermediate or even a biradical structure (compare to the related trimethylenemethane).

Experimental evidence is not conclusive. Other reactions of cyclopropanones take place through this intermediate. For instance enantiopure (+)-trans-2,3-di-tert-butylcyclopropanone racemizes when heated to 80 °C.[8]

An oxyallyl intermediate is also proposed in the photochemical conversion of a 3,5-dihydro-4H-pyrazole-4-one with expulsion of nitrogen to an indane:[9]

In this reaction oxyallyl intermediate A, in chemical equilibrium with cyclopropanone B attacks the phenyl ring through its carbocation forming a transient 1,3-cyclohexadiene C (with UV trace similar to isotoluene) followed by rearomatization. The energy difference between A and B is 5 to 7 kcal/mol (21 to 29 kJ/mol).

See also

References

  1. ↑ Preparation and characterization of cyclopropanone, methylcyclopropanone, 2,2-dimethylcyclopropanone and tetramethylcyclopropanone N. J. Turro and W. B. Hammond, Tetrahedron, Volume 24, Issue 18, 1968, Pages 6017-6028 doi:10.1016/S0040-4020(01)90985-8
  2. ↑ Cryochemical synthesis and molecular energetics of cyclopropanone and some related compounds E. F. Rothgery, R. J. Holt, H. A. McGee,, Jr. J. Am. Chem. Soc.; 1975; 97(17); 4971-4973. doi:10.1021/ja00850a034
  3. ↑ Cyclopropanones Nicholas J. Turro, Acc. Chem. Res.; 1969; 2(1); 25-32. doi:10.1021/ar50013a004
  4. ↑ Organic Syntheses, Coll. Vol. 7, p.131 (1990); Vol. 63, p.147 (1985). [Link http://www.orgsynth.org/orgsyn/pdfs/CV7P0131.pdf]
  5. ↑ Datasheet commercial supplier Link
  6. ↑ Cyclopropanones. XII. Cycloaddition reactions of cyclopropanones Nicholas J. Turro, Simon S. Edelson, John R. Williams, Thomas R. Darling, Willis B. Hammond, J. Am. Chem. Soc.; 1969; 91(9); 2283-2292. doi:10.1021/ja01037a018
  7. ↑ Cyclopropanones. XVII. Kinetics of the cycloaddition reaction of cyclopropanones with 1,3-dienes Simon S. Edelson, Nicholas J. Turro J. Am. Chem. Soc.; 1970; 92(9); 2770-2773. doi:10.1021/ja00712a030
  8. ↑ Thermal reactions of a cyclopropanone. Racemization and decarbonylation of trans-2,3-di-tert-butylcyclopropanone Frederick D. Greene, David B. Sclove, Jose F. Pazos, Ronald L. Camp J. Am. Chem. Soc.; 1970; 92(25); 7488-7488. doi:10.1021/ja00728a051
  9. ↑ First Direct Detection of 2,3-Dimethyl-2,3-diphenylcyclopropanone Andrey G. Moiseev, Manabu Abe, Evgeny O. Danilov, and Douglas C. Neckers, J. Org. Chem.; 2007; 72(8) pp 2777 - 2784; (Article) doi:10.1021/jo062259r
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