Cytomegalic inclusion body disease

Cytomegalic inclusion body disease (CIBD) is a series of signs and symptoms caused by cytomegalovirus infection, toxoplasmosis or other rare infections such as herpes or rubella viruses. It can produce massive calcification of the central nervous system, and often the kidneys.^[1]

Cytomegalic inclusion body disease is the most common cause of congenital abnormalities in the United States. It can also cause pneumonia and other diseases in immunocompromised patients, such as those with HIV/AIDS or recipients of organ transplants.^[2]

Presentation

Various systems are affected.

• CNS abnormalities – microcephaly, mental retardation, spasticity, epilepsy, periventricular calcification
• Eye – choroidoretinitis and optic atrophy
• Ear – sensorineural deafness
• Liver – hepatosplenomegaly and jaundice due to hepatitis
• Lung – pneumonitis (interstitial pneumonitis)
• Heart – myocarditis
• Thrombocytopenic purpura, haemolytic anaemia
• Late sequelae in individuals asymptomatic at birth – hearing defects and reduced intelligence

References

1. Marquis JR, Lee JK (October 1976). "Extensive central nervous system calcification in a stillborn male infant due to cytomegalovirus infection". AJR. American journal of roentgenology 127 (4): 665–7. doi:10.2214/ajr.127.4.665. PMID 184717. Retrieved 2008-10-17.
2. Levinson, Warren (2012). Review of Medical Microbiology and Immunology (12th ed.). McGraw-Hill. ISBN 978-0071774345.