DRAP1

DR1-associated protein 1 (negative cofactor 2 alpha)
PDB rendering based on 1jfi.
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB List of PDB id codes 1JFI​
Identifiers
Symbols	DRAP1 ; NC2-alpha
External IDs	OMIM: 602289 MGI: 1913806 HomoloGene: 4703 GeneCards: DRAP1 Gene
Gene ontology Molecular function • DNA binding • transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding • transcription corepressor activity • protein binding • transcription factor binding • sequence-specific DNA binding • protein heterodimerization activity Cellular component • nucleus Biological process • negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter • transcription, DNA-templated Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	10589	66556
Ensembl	ENSG00000175550	ENSMUSG00000024914
UniProt	Q14919	Q9D6N5
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_006442	NM_001291080
RefSeq (protein)	NP_006433	NP_001278009
Location (UCSC)	Chr 11: 65.92 – 65.92 Mb	Chr 19: 5.42 – 5.42 Mb
PubMed search

Dr1-associated corepressor is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DRAP1 gene.^[1][2]

Transcriptional repression is a general mechanism for regulating transcriptional initiation in organisms ranging from yeast to humans. Accurate initiation of transcription from eukaryotic protein-encoding genes requires the assembly of a large multiprotein complex consisting of RNA polymerase II and general transcription factors such as TFIIA, TFIIB, and TFIID. DR1 is a repressor that interacts with the TATA-binding protein (TBP) of TFIID and prevents the formation of an active transcription complex by precluding the entry of TFIIA and/or TFIIB into the preinitiation complex. The protein encoded by this gene is a corepressor of transcription that interacts with DR1 to enhance DR1-mediated repression. The interaction between this corepressor and DR1 is required for corepressor function and appears to stabilize the TBP-DR1-DNA complex.^[2]

Interactions

DRAP1 has been shown to interact with FOXH1^[3] and DR1.^[4][5]

References

1. Mermelstein F, Yeung K, Cao J, Inostroza JA, Erdjument-Bromage H, Eagelson K, Landsman D, Levitt P, Tempst P, Reinberg D (May 1996). "Requirement of a corepressor for Dr1-mediated repression of transcription". Genes Dev 10 (8): 1033–48. doi:10.1101/gad.10.8.1033. PMID 8608938.
2. "Entrez Gene: DRAP1 DR1-associated protein 1 (negative cofactor 2 alpha)".
3. Iratni, Rabah; Yan Yu-Ting; Chen Canhe; Ding Jixiang; Zhang Yi; Price Sandy M; Reinberg Danny; Shen Michael M (Dec 2002). "Inhibition of excess nodal signaling during mouse gastrulation by the transcriptional corepressor DRAP1". Science (United States) 298 (5600): 1996–9. doi:10.1126/science.1073405. PMID 12471260.
4. Mermelstein, F; Yeung K; Cao J; Inostroza J A; Erdjument-Bromage H; Eagelson K; Landsman D; Levitt P; Tempst P; Reinberg D (Apr 1996). "Requirement of a corepressor for Dr1-mediated repression of transcription". Genes Dev. (UNITED STATES) 10 (8): 1033–48. doi:10.1101/gad.10.8.1033. ISSN 0890-9369. PMID 8608938.
5. Yeung, K; Kim S; Reinberg D (Jan 1997). "Functional dissection of a human Dr1-DRAP1 repressor complex". Mol. Cell. Biol. (UNITED STATES) 17 (1): 36–45. ISSN 0270-7306. PMC 231727. PMID 8972183.

Further reading

• Goppelt A, Stelzer G, Lottspeich F, Meisterernst M (1996). "A mechanism for repression of class II gene transcription through specific binding of NC2 to TBP-promoter complexes via heterodimeric histone fold domains.". EMBO J. 15 (12): 3105–16. PMC 450253. PMID 8670811.
• Yeung K, Kim S, Reinberg D (1997). "Functional dissection of a human Dr1-DRAP1 repressor complex.". Mol. Cell. Biol. 17 (1): 36–45. PMC 231727. PMID 8972183.
• Ikeda K, Halle JP, Stelzer G; et al. (1998). "Involvement of negative cofactor NC2 in active repression by zinc finger-homeodomain transcription factor AREB6.". Mol. Cell. Biol. 18 (1): 10–8. PMC 121442. PMID 9418848.
• Castaño E, Gross P, Wang Z; et al. (2000). "The C-terminal domain-phosphorylated IIO form of RNA polymerase II is associated with the transcription repressor NC2 (Dr1/DRAP1) and is required for transcription activation in human nuclear extracts.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97 (13): 7184–9. doi:10.1073/pnas.140202297. PMC 16520. PMID 10852970.
• Kamada K, Shu F, Chen H; et al. (2001). "Crystal structure of negative cofactor 2 recognizing the TBP-DNA transcription complex.". Cell 106 (1): 71–81. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(01)00417-2. PMID 11461703.
• Iratni R, Yan YT, Chen C; et al. (2003). "Inhibition of excess nodal signaling during mouse gastrulation by the transcriptional corepressor DRAP1.". Science 298 (5600): 1996–9. doi:10.1126/science.1073405. PMID 12471260.
• Denko N, Wernke-Dollries K, Johnson AB; et al. (2003). "Hypoxia actively represses transcription by inducing negative cofactor 2 (Dr1/DrAP1) and blocking preinitiation complex assembly.". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (8): 5744–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M212534200. PMID 12477712.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH; et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Leonard D, Ajuh P, Lamond AI, Legerski RJ (2003). "hLodestar/HuF2 interacts with CDC5L and is involved in pre-mRNA splicing.". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 308 (4): 793–801. doi:10.1016/S0006-291X(03)01486-4. PMID 12927788.
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA; et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
• Klejman MP, Pereira LA, van Zeeburg HJ; et al. (2004). "NC2alpha interacts with BTAF1 and stimulates its ATP-dependent association with TATA-binding protein.". Mol. Cell. Biol. 24 (22): 10072–82. doi:10.1128/MCB.24.22.10072-10082.2004. PMC 525489. PMID 15509807.
• Lewis BA, Sims RJ, Lane WS, Reinberg D (2005). "Functional characterization of core promoter elements: DPE-specific transcription requires the protein kinase CK2 and the PC4 coactivator.". Mol. Cell 18 (4): 471–81. doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2005.04.005. PMID 15893730.
• Stelzl U, Worm U, Lalowski M; et al. (2005). "A human protein-protein interaction network: a resource for annotating the proteome.". Cell 122 (6): 957–68. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2005.08.029. PMID 16169070.
• Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T; et al. (2005). "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network.". Nature 437 (7062): 1173–8. doi:10.1038/nature04209. PMID 16189514.
• Assmann EM, Alborghetti MR, Camargo ME, Kobarg J (2006). "FEZ1 dimerization and interaction with transcription regulatory proteins involves its coiled-coil region.". J. Biol. Chem. 281 (15): 9869–81. doi:10.1074/jbc.M513280200. PMID 16484223.
• Lim J, Hao T, Shaw C; et al. (2006). "A protein-protein interaction network for human inherited ataxias and disorders of Purkinje cell degeneration.". Cell 125 (4): 801–14. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2006.03.032. PMID 16713569.
• Albert TK, Grote K, Boeing S; et al. (2007). "Global distribution of negative cofactor 2 subunit-alpha on human promoters.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 104 (24): 10000–5. doi:10.1073/pnas.0703490104. PMC 1891239. PMID 17548813.