Daburiyya

Daburiyya
  • דַבּוּרִיָּה, דבורייה‎
  • دبورية‎
Hebrew transcription(s)
 • ISO 259 Dabburiya
 • Also spelled Deburieh (unofficial)
Daburiyya
Coordinates: 32°41′31″N 35°22′18″E / 32.69194°N 35.37167°E / 32.69194; 35.37167Coordinates: 32°41′31″N 35°22′18″E / 32.69194°N 35.37167°E / 32.69194; 35.37167
Grid position 185/232 PAL
District Northern
Government
 • Type Local council (from 1961)
Area
 • Total 7,200 dunams (7.2 km2 or 2.8 sq mi)
Population (2012)
 • Total 9,444
view of Daburiyya

Daburiyya (Arabic: دبورية‎; Hebrew: דַבּוּרִיָּה),[1] also Deburieh or Dabburieh, is an Arab village east of Nazareth in Israel's North District. Daburriya gained local council status in 1961. Its jurisdiction extends over 7,200 dunams. According to the Israeli Central Bureau of Statistics, Daburiyya has a population of 8,500.[2]

Daburiyya is located off of Highway 65 at the foot of Mount Tabor in the Lower Galilee, near the area where the prophetess Deborah judged.

History

Daburiyya is identified with the biblical city of Daberath (also spelled Davrat), which in Joshua 21:28 and in the Book of Chronicles was allotted to the tribe of Issachar, who gave it as a Levitical city to the Levites.[3][4] Its Greek name was Dabráth or Dabiroth and its Latin name was Dabareth.[4] Josephus called it Dabritta.[4]

Daburiyya has been identified with the locality of Helenopolis of the Roman-Byzantine period,[5] but Helenopolis is more commonly identified with Kafr Kama[6] or other town or region.[7][8][9]

Remains of a Crusader church can still be seen in Daburiyya (in the center of the town).[10] Daburiyya fell to Saladin in 1187[11] and a mosque, possibly constructed above an old Crusader tower,[12] has an inscription above the entrance stating that it was built in 610 H (1214 CE) by the Damascus-based Ayyubid ruler al-Mu'azzam 'Isa.[13]

Ottoman era

In 1517, the village was incorporated into the Ottoman Empire with the rest of Palestine, and in 1596 Dabburiya appeared in the Ottoman tax registers as being in the nahiya (subdistrict) of Tabariyya under the Liwa of Safad, with a population of 40 households and 3 bachelors, all Muslim. It paid taxes on a number of crops, including wheat and barley, fruit trees, cotton, as well as on goats and/or beehives.[14][15]

A map from Napoleon's invasion of 1799 by Pierre Jacotin showed the place, named as Dabouri.[16]

Victor Guérin visited in the 1875, and noted "Among the houses may be remarked the remains of an ancient edifice, measuring twenty-two paces in length by ten in breadth, and built from west to east. It was once constructed of cut stones and a certain number of courses are still standing. The interior is now occupied by a private house and a stable, above which rises the medafeh—a house set apart for strangers. In all probability this was a Christian Church.[17]

In 1881, the Palestine Exploration Fund's Survey of Western Palestine (SWP) described Deburieh as "A small village built of stone, with inhabited caves; contains about 200 Moslems and is surrounded by gardens of figs and olives. It is situated on the slope of the hill. Water is obtained from cisterns in the village."[18]

British Mandate era

In the 1922 census of Palestine, conducted by the British Mandate authorities, Dabburieh had a total population of 602, all Muslim,[19] which had increased in the 1931 census to 747; 728 Muslims and 19 Christians, in a total of 170 houses.[20]

In 1945 the population was 1,290, all Arabs, with 13,373 dunams of land, according to an official land and population survey.[21] Of this, 723 dunams were for plantations and irrigable land, 12,581 for cereals,[22] while 65 dunams were built-up land.[23]

Contemporary events

In 2008 and 2009 Daburiyya High School received the National Education Award, achieving second and third place. It was the first time that a school in Israel has won the award twice in a row. The principal, Abed Elsalam Masalcha, attributed the positive developments in the school to the introduction of a Transcendental Meditation program which solved student discipline problems.[24]

In 2009 the Israeli Education Ministry said it would shut down the town's high school of sciences, which had 210 students that year, because it was operating without a permit. The school, located in a building intended for a housing project, specialized in biology, physics, chemistry and computer science and had a 100% matriculation success rate. It was a branch of the I'billin-based Mar Elias School. According to the local parents' association, the school was opened because the local high school had become "chaotic and the police needed to frequently intervene between students."[25]

Archaeology

Archaeological excavations conducted in the village in 2004 and 2006 uncovered the remains of buildings from the Late Roman or Byzantine periods, a wall formation probably from the Middle Bronze Age or the Roman period, potsherds from the Iron Age and Hellenistic periods, and other installations such as winepresses and cupmarks.[26][27]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Palmer, 1881, p. 125
  2. ↑ Populations of Localities Numbering Above 1,000 Residents - Israel Central Bureau of Statistics
  3. ↑ Keil, 1857, p. 424.
  4. 1 2 3 Sharon, 2004, p. 1
  5. ↑ F. M. Abel (1938). Géographie de la Palestine 2. Paris. pp. 205, 347.
  6. ↑ Yoram Tsafrir, Leah Di Segni and Judith Green (1994). Tabula Imperii Romani: Judaea, Palaestina. Jerusalem: Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities. p. 142.
  7. ↑ James F. Strange. "Nazareth". Anchor Bible Dictionary. p. 1050.
  8. ↑ Petersen, 2005, p. X
  9. ↑ Michael Avi-Yonah (1976). Gazetteer of Roman Palestine. QEDEM 5. Institute of Archaeology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, and CARTA. p. 64.
  10. ↑ Pringle, 1993, pp. 192, 193
  11. ↑ Abu Shama (RHC or, IV, pp. 301, 303), cited in Pringle, 1993, p. 192
  12. ↑ Pringle, 1997, p. 46
  13. ↑ Petersen, 2001, p. 131
  14. ↑ Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 189
  15. ↑ Note that Rhode, 1979, p. 6 writes that the register that Hütteroth and Abdulfattah studied from the Safad-district was not from 1595/6, but from 1548/9
  16. ↑ Karmon, 1960, p. 167.
  17. ↑ Guérin, 1880, p. 140 ff, as translated by Conder and Kitchener, 1881, p. 384
  18. ↑ Conder and Kitchener, 1881, p. 363.
  19. ↑ Barron, 1923, Table XI, Sub-district of Nazareth, p. 38
  20. ↑ Mills, 1932, p. 73
  21. ↑ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics, Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 62
  22. ↑ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 109
  23. ↑ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 159
  24. ↑ Forim, Jack. Transcendental Meditation. (2012). Hay House, Inc. ISBN 140193157X
  25. ↑ Arab parents battle ministry over science HS. Haaretz. 2009-10-18.
  26. ↑ Abu Raya, Rafeh (April 2009). "Dabburiya, Final Report". Retrieved 2010-08-28.
  27. ↑ Daniel, Zohar (February 2010). "Dabburiya, Final Report". Retrieved 2010-08-28.

Bibliography

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External links

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