Daniel Gotthilf Moldenhawer

Daniel Gotthilf Moldenhawer (December 11, 1753 – November 21, 1823), was a German-Danish philologist, theologian, librarian, bibliophile, palaeographer, diplomat, and Bible translator.

Early life and education

The great hall in the Royal Library's, as it was in the middle of the 1800s

Moldenhawer was born in Königsberg, Prussia to Johann Heinrich Daniel Moldenhawer, a professor of theology at the University of Königsberg, and Lydia Charlotte née Trummer.[1] He was educated at the royal Collegium Fridericianum under Johann Gottfried Herder in Königsberg, the Gelehrtenschule des Johanneums in Hamburg, and the University of Göttingen (with Christian Gottlob Heyne, Johann David Michaelis, Christian Wilhelm Franz Walch).

Academic career

In 1777 he became a professor of theology and oriental languages at the University of Kiel. On the recommendation of Johann Andreas Cramer he received a three-year scholarship from the Danish king's court. Moldenhawer and Tychsen were sent into Spain in 1783–1784 to examine and collate manuscripts. In 1784 he became a professor of church history and dogma in Copenhagen and contributed to the progression of Rationalism in Denmark. In 1784 he visited Alcalá with hope of finding Greek manuscript of the New Testament used in Complutensian Polyglot. According to his relation he did not find any manuscript.[2]

In 1786 Moldenhawer was sent again to Spain, this time on a confidential diplomatic mission.

Royal Danish Library Chief Librarian

Otto Thott

From 1788 Moldenhawer was the chief librarian of the Royal Danish Library. His main interest was to provide increase the library's collection of recent scientific literature.

Under the management of Moldenhawer the library's book collection reached 250 000 volumes,[3] and on Moldenhawer's death the library acquired a part of his 12,000 volume private library. Moldenhawer received numerous honors for his work. In 1809 he became a Knight of the royal Danish Order of the Dannebrog.

Besides administrative talents Moldenhawer was also an author. He brought from his travels numerous excerpts and collations, including political history, church and literary history, theology and oriental philology. He was always heavily occupied with his work and duties, especially library work, which was his favorite duty.[4]

At auction for the printed books he bought over 50,000 volumes for 10,000 thalers from the former private collection of Otto Thott (1703–1785).[5] 6159 books of this collection were printed before 1530. He made a second major acquisition in 1796 when he acquired the book collection of Peter Frederik Suhm. Moldenhawer purchased this collection on the condition that the payment would continue in the form of an annuity for Suhm and his wife, but both died shortly after the purchase was completed. In 1797 he purchased the collection of Müllerske Pinakothek (with annual payments to the collector's daughter). In 1803 Uldallske donated his manuscript collection to the library.[5]

Allegations by Ada Adler

Moldenhawer was a Freemason and is also known to have been a member of the Illuminati.[6] During his 35 years as the chief librarian the Royal Library flourished and the number of volumes increased through purchases and valuable donations. Moldenhawer himself donated many valuable manuscripts, letters and printed books, many of which he had acquired illegitimately during his travels in Germany, France, England, Italy, Spain, and the Netherlands, and many of which came from the libraries of old monasteries. According to Ada Adler Moldenhawer robbed several libraries in Paris, particularly the library at Saint-Germain-des-Prés, from which Moldenhawer allegedly had acquired several manuscripts without payment. This has however never been substantiated.[7]

Works

See also

References

  1. ↑ Christoph Schmitt (1993). "Daniel Gotthilf Moldenhawer". In Bautz, Traugott. Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL) (in German) 6. Herzberg: Bautz. cols. 38–41. ISBN 3-88309-044-1.
  2. ↑ S. P. Tregelles, An Account of the Printed Text of the Greek New Testament, London 1854, p. 5.
  3. ↑ Faktuelle noter om Det Kongelige Bibliotek
  4. ↑ E. Gigas, Daniel Gotthilf Moldenhawer i 1. at the Dansk biografisk leksikon, p. 366.
  5. 1 2 E. Gigas, Daniel Gotthilf Moldenhawer i 1. at the Dansk biografisk leksikon, p. 365.
  6. ↑ Reinhard Markner u.a. (Hg.): Die Korrespondenz des Illuminatenordens, Bd. 2, Berlin 2013, p. 184.
  7. ↑ Erik Petersen, Dominus Pastor Meus Om Det Kongelige Biblioteks Ældste Bibejhåndskrft Og Dets Histoire Fund og Forskning, Bind 43 (2004)

Further reading

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