Hellespontine Phrygia
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| Hellespontine Phrygia |
| Satrapy of the Persian Empire |
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477 BC–321 BC |
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| The location of the provincial capital of Hellespontine Phrygia, Dascylium, in the Achaemenid Empire, c. 500 BC. |
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Dascylium |
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| History |
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| • | Established |
477 BC |
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| • | Disestablished |
321 BC |
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Hellespontine Phrygia (Ancient Greek: Ἑλλησποντιακὴ Φρυγία, Hellēspontiakē Phrygia) or Lesser Phrygia (μικρᾶ Φρυγία, mikra Phrygia) was a Persian satrapy (province) in northwestern Anatolia, directly southeast of the Hellespont.[1] Its capital was Dascylium, and for most of its existence it was ruled by the hereditary Iranian Pharnacid dynasty.[2] Together with Greater Phrygia, it made up the administrative provinces of the Phrygia region.
History
The satrapy was created in the beginning of the fifth century BC, during the time of administrative reorganisations of the territories in western Asia Minor, which were amongst the most important Achaemenid territories. It was ruled by a hereditary Iranian dynasty, that of the Pharnacids, which was closely related to the Achaemenid dynasty itself.[5][6]
As Alexander the Great was conquering and incorporating the Achaemenid Empire, he appointed Calas, a Macedonian General to govern Hellespontine Phrygia in 334 BC, after he had sent Parmenio to secure Dascylium, the provincial capital. Calas, being the very first non-Achaemenid ruler of the province, was awarded the Persian title of "satrap", rather than a Macedonian title, and Alexander instructed him to collect the same tribute from his subjects that had been paid to Darius III. After Alexander's death in 323, the satrapy was awarded to Leonnatus, who was killed in action in the Lamian War. The region was seized by Lysimachus, was added to the Seleucid Empire after the Battle of Corupedium (281 BC), and was finally integrated in the Bithynian kingdom.[8]
Persian satraps of Hellespontine Phrygia
Alexandrian satraps
References
Sources
- Kinzl, Konrad H. (2008). A Companion to the Classical Greek World. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-1405172011.
- Lyons, Justin D. (2015). Alexander the Great and Hernán Cortés: Ambiguous Legacies of Leadership. Lexington Books. ISBN 978-1498505284.
- Scott, James M. (1995). Paul and the Nations: The Old Testament and Jewish Background of Paul's Mission to the Nations with Special Reference to the Destination of Galatians. Mohr Siebeck. ISBN 978-3161463778.
