Data management

Data management comprises all the disciplines related to managing data as a valuable resource.

Overview

The official definition provided by DAMA International, the professional organization for those in the data management profession, is: "Data Resource Management is the development and execution of architectures, policies, practices and procedures that properly manage the full data lifecycle needs of an enterprise." This definition is fairly broad and encompasses a number of professions which may not have direct technical contact with lower-level aspects of data management, such as relational database management.

The data lifecycle

Alternatively, the definition provided in the DAMA Data Management Body of Knowledge (^[1]) is: "Data management is the development, execution and supervision of plans, policies, programs and practices that control, protect, deliver and enhance the value of data and information assets."^[2]

The concept of "Data Management" arose in the 1980s as technology moved from sequential processing (first cards, then tape) to random access processing. Since it was now technically possible to store a single fact in a single place and access that using random access disk, those suggesting that "Data Management" was more important than "Process Management" used arguments such as "a customer's home address is stored in 75 (or some other large number) places in our computer systems." During this period, random access processing was not competitively fast, so those suggesting "Process Management" was more important than "Data Management" used batch processing time as their primary argument. As applications moved into real-time, interactive applications, it became obvious to most practitioners that both management processes were important. If the data was not well defined, the data would be mis-used in applications. If the process wasn't well defined, it was impossible to meet user needs.

Corporate Data Quality Management

Corporate Data Quality Management (CDQM) is, according to the European Foundation for Quality Management and the Competence Center Corporate Data Quality (CC CDQ, University of St. Gallen), the whole set of activities intended to improve corporate data quality (both reactive and preventive). Main premise of CDQM is the business relevance of high-quality corporate data. CDQM comprises with following activity areas:.^[3]

• Strategy for Corporate Data Quality: As CDQM is affected by various business drivers and requires involvement of multiple divisions in an organization; it must be considered a company-wide endeavor.
• Corporate Data Quality Controlling: Effective CDQM requires compliance with standards, policies, and procedures. Compliance is monitored according to previously defined metrics and performance indicators and reported to stakeholders.
• Corporate Data Quality Organization: CDQM requires clear roles and responsibilities for the use of corporate data. The CDQM organization defines tasks and privileges for decision making for CDQM.
• Corporate Data Quality Processes and Methods: In order to handle corporate data properly and in a standardized way across the entire organization and to ensure corporate data quality, standard procedures and guidelines must be embedded in company’s daily processes.
• Data Architecture for Corporate Data Quality: The data architecture consists of the data object model - which comprises the unambiguous definition and the conceptual model of corporate data - and the data storage and distribution architecture.
• Applications for Corporate Data Quality: Software applications support the activities of Corporate Data Quality Management. Their use must be planned, monitored, managed and continuously improved.

Topics in Data Management

Topics in Data Management, grouped by the DAMA DMBOK Framework,^[4] include:

1. Data governance
   • Data asset
   • Data governance
   • Data steward
2. Data Architecture, Analysis and Design
   • Data analysis
   • Data architecture
   • Data modeling
3. Database Management
   • Data maintenance
   • Database administration
   • Database management system
4. Data Security Management
   • Data access
   • Data erasure
   • Data privacy
   • Data security
5. Data Quality Management
   • Data cleansing
   • Data integrity
   • Data enrichment
   • Data quality
   • Data quality assurance
6. Reference and Master Data Management
   • Data integration
   • Master data management
   • Reference data
7. Data Warehousing and Business Intelligence Management
   • Business intelligence
   • Data mart
   • Data mining
   • Data movement (Extract, transform, load )
   • Data warehouse
8. Document, Record and Content Management
   • Document management system
   • Records management
9. Meta Data Management
   • Meta-data management
   • Metadata
   • Metadata discovery
   • Metadata publishing
   • Metadata registry
10. Contact Data Management
    • Business continuity planning
    • Marketing operations
    • Customer data integration
    • Identity management
    • Identity theft
    • Data theft
    • ERP software
    • CRM software
    • Address (geography)
    • Postal code
    • Email address
    • Telephone number

Body of Knowledge

The DAMA Guide to the Data Management Body of Knowledge" (DAMA-DMBOK Guide), under the guidance of a new DAMA-DMBOK Editorial Board. This publication is available from April 5, 2009.

Usage

In modern management usage, one can easily discern a trend away from the term 'data' in composite expressions to the term information or even knowledge when talking in non-technical context. Thus there exists not only data management, but also information management and knowledge management. This is a misleading trend as it obscures that traditional data are managed or somehow processed on second looks. The distinction between data and derived values can be seen in the information ladder. While data can exist as such, 'information' and 'knowledge' are always in the "eye" (or rather the brain) of the beholder and can only be measured in relative units.3

Integrated data management

Integrated data management (IDM) is a tools approach to facilitate data management and improve performance. IDM consists of an integrated, modular environment to manage enterprise application data, and optimize data-driven applications over its lifetime.^[5][6][7][8] IDM's purpose is to:

• Produce enterprise-ready applications faster
• Improve data access, speed iterative testing
• Empower collaboration between architects, developers and DBAs
• Consistently achieve service level targets
• Automate and simplify operations
• Provide contextual intelligence across the solution stack
• Support business growth
• Accommodate new initiatives without expanding infrastructure
• Simplify application upgrades, consolidation and retirement
• Facilitate alignment, consistency and governance
• Define business policies and standards up front; share, extend, and apply throughout the lifecycle

See also

• Open data
• Information architecture
• Information management
• Enterprise architecture
• Information design
• Information system
• Controlled vocabulary
• Data curation
• Data retention
• Data governance
• Data quality
• Data modeling
• Data management plan
• Information lifecycle management
• Computer data storage
• Data proliferation
• Digital preservation
• Digital perpetuation
• Document management
• Enterprise content management
• Hierarchical storage management
• Information repository
• Records management
• System integration

References

1. DAMA-DMBOK
2. "DAMA-DMBOK Guide (Data Management Body of Knowledge) Introduction & Project Status" (Note: PDF no longer available online at https://www.dama.org, current version available for purchase)
3. EFQM ; IWI-HSG: EFQM Framework for Corporate Data Quality Management. Brussels : EFQM Press, 2011
4. DAMA-DMBOK Functional Framework v3
5. Integrated Data Management: Managing data across its lifecycle by Holly Hayes
6. Organizations thrive on Data by Eric Naiburg
7. Fragmented Management Across The Data Life Cycle Increases Cost And Risk - A commissioned study conducted by Forrester Consulting on behalf of IBM October 2008
8. integrated IBM Data Management information center

External links

• Data management at DMOZ