Design of a Decade: 1986–1996

Design of a Decade: 1986–1996
Greatest hits album by Janet Jackson
Released October 10, 1995
Recorded August 1985–August 15, 1995
Genre
Length 75:28 (standard)
77:47 (international edition)
44:58 (bonus disc)
Label A&M
Producer
Janet Jackson chronology
janet. Remixed
(1995)		 Design of a Decade: 1986–1996
(1995)		 The Velvet Rope
(1997)
Singles from Design of a Decade: 1986–1996
  1. "Runaway"
    Released: August 29, 1995
  2. "Twenty Foreplay"
    Released: January 8, 1996

Design of a Decade: 1986–1996 is the first greatest hits album by American recording artist Janet Jackson, released on October 10, 1995 by A&M. It features 14 of Jackson's top 40 hits from her three previous albums; Control (1986), Janet Jackson's Rhythm Nation 1814 (1989), janet. (1993), and two new tracks; "Runaway" and "Twenty Foreplay". The International Edition includes new remakes of the Single Versions especially done in 1995 for this release.

It was well received by many critics, who cited the amount of hit singles on the record, but many noted its misleading title, since a majority of the songs came from the period of 1986–1990. It was certified Double Platinum by the RIAA,[1] within 4 months of release sold more than 4.3 million copies [2] and has since sold 10 million copies worldwide.[3]

Background

Jackson fulfilled her contract with A&M Records, signing a multi-million dollar contract with Virgin Records estimated between thirty-two to fifty million dollars, making her the highest paid recording artist at the time.[4][5] Jackson's fifth studio album Janet, stylized as janet. and read "Janet, period", was released in May 1993. The record opened at number one on the Billboard 200, making Jackson the first female artist in the Nielsen SoundScan era to do so.[6][7] Certified sixfold platinum by the RIAA, it sold over 20 million copies worldwide.[8][9] Janet spawned five singles and four promotional singles, receiving various certifications worldwide. Lead single "That's the Way Love Goes" won the Grammy Award for Best R&B Song and topped the Billboard Hot 100 for eight consecutive weeks.[10] "Again" reached number one for three weeks, while "If" and "Any Time, Any Place" peaked in the top four. "Because of Love" and "You Want This" charted within the top ten.

As Jackson's contract with Virgin allotted her the option to leave the label during this time, she returned to A&M in order to release Design of a Decade: 1986–1996, her first compilation album. A&M provided an aggressive marketing plan for the compilation's release, which included "a multimillon-dollar worldwide marketing plan that [involved], syndicated and local TV advertising, as well as print ads in a number of consumer publications, including Seventeen, Us, Rolling Stone, Vanity Fair, Jet, Vibe and Essence."[11] Billboard magazine reported that DreamWorks SKG and A&M were interested in signing with her. A&M president Al Cafaro stated: "We've always thought Janet was an A&M artist... And we would love to sign her if she is available. This project has reminded us how much fun she is to work with."[11] Jackson renewed her contract with Virgin Records for a reported $80 million the following year.[12] The contract established her as the then-highest paid recording artist in history, surpassing the recording industry's then-unparalleled $60 million contracts earned by Michael Jackson and Madonna.[13][14][15]

Reception

Critical

Most music reviewers had a positive reception to Design of a Decade, mainly because of the amount of chart-topping singles it contained, but many noted the "misleading title" as the content predominantly spanned a five-year period.[16][17]

Stephen Thomas Erlewine of Allmusic gave it a four and-a-half out of five star rating, saying "Design of a Decade: 1986-1996 is a misleading title. The bulk of Janet Jackson's greatest-hits collection concentrates on Control and Rhythm Nation 1814, simply by contractual necessity. The hits from those two albums were state-of-the-art dance-pop productions at the time of their release, filled with bottomless beats and memorable, catchy hooks. It's a credit to Janet that the two new numbers ["Runaway" and "Twenty Foreplay"] feel like genuine hits, not tacked-on filler, and help make the album a compulsively listenable greatest-hits collection."[16] With a B+ rating, David Browne of Entertainment Weekly stated, "Working with producers and collaborators Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis, Jackson reinvented both pop and herself during those 10 years. With its rigid Robo-drummer beats and homogenized blend of computers and vocal harmonies, the music was shocking in its airtight quality [...] Design is fairly seamless, yet its biggest flaw lies in its title. Due to contractual obligations, the album consists almost entirely of songs from Control and Rhythm Nation 1814 and includes only one ("That's the Way Love Goes") of the five top 10 hits from her 1993 smorgasbord janet. The new songs ["Runaway" and "Twenty Foreplay"] show how much more confident a singer Jackson has become, even if the latter number finds her still working overtime to show us she's an honest-to-God grown-up.[17]

Professional ratings
Review scores
SourceRating
Allmusic[16]
Entertainment WeeklyB+[17]
Spin[18]
Vibe(favorable)[19]
The Village VoiceA−[20]

Robert Christgau of The Village Voice gave it an A- rating, saying "Her three count-'em three A&M albums produced 12 count-'em 12 top-five singles. All are here. So are two excellent tracks from her one count-it one Virgin album, and two rather less excellent previously unreleaseds. The three estimate-'em three million who own A&M albums two and three needn't bother. Those who begrudge her the place she's earned in the pop cosmos have some catching up to do."[20] With a rating of 7/10 (flawed yet worthy), Spin magazine's Chris Norris said: "Since Janet is State-of-the-art production right down to her sculpted nose, it makes sense that she should call her retrospective Design. As the studio team that wrought Control, Rhythm Nation and janet. (which for record-label reasons is under-represented here), designers Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis are unofficial second and third Janet Jacksons. Their triumph is letting their dazzling sound sculptures fade into the background of Janet's cartoon antics."[18] Elysa Gardner with Vibe magazine was in high praise of Design of a Decade, as well as Jackson herself, stating, "It's been almost 10 years since Janet Jackson announced that her first name wasn't Baby, and it's easy to forget what a bold proclamation that was coming from a woman—particularly a black woman—at that time [...] Only two women were there to remind the rest of us that there was power and freedom in feminine sexuality—to reinforce the fact that we could be adorable and flirtatious and strong and assertive. And Madonna wasn't a sista. [...] The 16 songs on her greatest hits package 1986/1996: Design of a Decade—which includes two strong new singles—trace a young woman's progression from questioning others' authority to reveling in her own."[19]

Commercial

The album debuted at number 4 on the U.S. Billboard 200 for the week of October 28, 1995 with 129,000 copies sold,[21][22] and eventually peaked at number 3.[23] Two months after its release, it was certified Double Platinum by the RIAA.[1] In Canada, the album peaked at number 5 and received a Platinum certification,.[24][25] In the UK, the album peaked at number 2 and went on to receive a double platinum by the British Phonographic Industry.[26] In Europe, the album peaked within the top 5 in most markets and received a Platinum certification by the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry.[27] In Australia, the album peaked at number 2 and was certified quadruple Platinum by the Australian Recording Industry Association, Making it Her best selling album in that country.[28] The album also appeared on the Australian ARIA albums year end charts at number 6.[29] To Date the album has sold 10 million copies worldwide.[3]

Track listing

All songs written and composed by Janet Jackson, James Harris III, Terry Lewis, except where noted. 

No. TitleWriter(s)Album Length
1. "Runaway"   Previously unreleased 3:35
2. "What Have You Done for Me Lately"   Control 4:44
3. "Nasty"   Control 4:04
4. "When I Think of You"   Control 3:56
5. "Escapade"   Rhythm Nation 1814 4:45
6. "Miss You Much"  
  • Harris
  • Lewis
Rhythm Nation 1814 4:13
7. "Love Will Never Do (Without You)" (Single Version)
  • Harris
  • Lewis
Rhythm Nation 1814 4:35
8. "Alright" (Goh Hotoda Remix) Rhythm Nation 1814 4:39
9. "Control" (U.S. Edit) Control 5:16
10. "The Pleasure Principle" (7" Vocal)Monte MoirControl 4:14
11. "Black Cat" (Video Mix/Long Solo)Janet JacksonRhythm Nation 1814 4:48
12. "Rhythm Nation" (U.S. Edit) Rhythm Nation 1814 5:59
13. "That's the Way Love Goes"   janet. 4:27
14. "Come Back to Me" (I'm Beggin' You Mix) Rhythm Nation 1814. 5:38
15. "Let's Wait Awhile"  
  • Janet Jackson
  • Harris
  • Lewis
  • Melanie Andrews
Control 4:37
16. "Twenty Foreplay"   Previously unreleased 6:07

Charts and certifications

Charts

Chart (1995/1996) Peak
position
Australian ARIA Albums Chart[32] 2
Austrian Albums Chart[33] 15
Belgian Ultratop 50 Albums (Flanders)[34] 7
Belgian Ultratop 50 Albums (Wallonia)[35] 6
Canadian Albums Chart[36] 5
Dutch Albums Chart[37] 8
French Albums Chart[38] 2
Finnish Albums Chart[39] 8
German Albums Chart[40] 10
Japanese Oricon Albums Chart[41] 4
New Zealand Albums Chart[42] 1
Norwegian Albums Chart[43] 18
Scottish Albums Chart[44] 4
Swedish Albums Chart[45] 14
UK Albums Chart[46] 2
U.S. Billboard 200[47] 3
U.S. Billboard Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums[47] 4
U.S. Billboard Catalog Albums[47] 3
Chart (2015) Peak
position
U.S. Billboard 200[47] 173

Year-end charts

Chart (1995/1996) Peak
position
Australian ARIA Albums Chart[29] 6
Canadian Albums Chart[48] 59
Belgian Ultratop 50 Albums (Flanders)[34] 71
Dutch Albums Chart[49] 77

Certifications

Region Certification Sales/shipments
Australia (ARIA)[50] 4× Platinum 280,000
Canada (Music Canada)[51] Platinum 100,000
Germany (BVMI)[52] Gold 250,000
Japan (RIAJ)[53] Platinum 200,000
Netherlands (NVPI)[54] Gold 25,000
New Zealand (RMNZ)[55] Platinum 15,000
Switzerland (IFPI Switzerland)[56] Gold 25,000
United Kingdom (BPI)[57] 2× Platinum 600,000
United States (RIAA)[58] 2× Platinum 2,000,000
Summaries
Europe (IFPI)[59] Platinum 1,000,000

*sales figures based on certification alone
^shipments figures based on certification alone
xunspecified figures based on certification alone

Preceded by
Daydream by Mariah Carey
Mellon Collie and the Infinite Sadness by The Smashing Pumpkins		 New Zealand RIANZ number-one album
October 29, 1995 - November 5, 1995
November 12, 1995 - November 19, 1995 		Succeeded by
Mellon Collie and the Infinite Sadness by The Smashing Pumpkins
Made in Heaven by Queen

Personnel

  • Melanie Andrews – arranger
  • Jerome Benton – vocals
  • Lee Blaske – arranger
  • Patrick Demarchelier – photography
  • Alan Friedman – programming
  • Larimie Garcia – design
  • Greg Gorman – photography
  • Jeri Heiden – art direction, design
  • Steve Hodge – engineer, mixing
  • Goh Hotoda – remixing
  • Janet Jackson – arranger, executive producer, main performer, producer, rhythm, vocals, background vocals
  • Jimmy Jam – arranger, assistant engineer, multiple instruments, producer, rhythm, vocals
  • Jellybean Johnson – producer, remix consultant, vocals

Release history

Country Date
Europe October 2, 1995
United States October 10, 1995

References

  1. 1 2 "RIAA – Gold & Platinum Search". RIAA. Retrieved 2010-07-01.
  2. ↑ http://books.google.com/books?id=LA8EAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA53&dq=%22Janet+jackson%22+%22JUno%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=AxBhVPPiKOvdsATgj4CIDQ&ved=0CCkQ6AEwAzge#v=onepage&q=%22Janet%20jackson%22%20%22JUno%22&f=false
  3. 1 2 Lathwell, David. "Janet Jackson at her best - Queer Sighted". queersighted.com. Retrieved 2010-07-07.
  4. ↑ "The Biggest Brother-Sister Stars in Show Business History", Ebony 46 (10), p. 40, ISSN 0012-9011
  5. ↑ Goldberg, M. (May 2, 1991), "The Jacksons score big", Rolling Stone, p. 32, ISSN 0035-791X
  6. ↑ Janet Jackson, Allmusic, 2006, retrieved April 13, 2008
  7. ↑ Mayfield, Geoff (August 5, 1995). Between The Bullets. Billboard. Retrieved July 28, 2010.
  8. ↑ Gold & Platinum, Recording Industry Association of America, 1958–2009, retrieved October 7, 2009
  9. ↑ Janet Jackson set for return to form, ABC News, January 22, 2008, retrieved May 5, 2009
  10. ↑ Halstead, Craig; Chris Cadman (2003). Jacksons Number Ones. Authors On Line. p. 118. ISBN 0-7552-0098-5.
  11. 1 2 Craig Rosen (1995-09-04). "Now, It's Time For Herstory A&M Retrospective of Janet Jackson's Career Scheduled For Oct. 10 Release". Daily News. p. L.12
  12. ↑ "Janet Jackson Hits Big; $80 Million Record Deal", Newsday, January 13, 1996, p. A02
  13. ↑ They don't call it jackpot for nothing. After much speculation, Janet Jackson, 29, clinched a reported four-album, $80 million deal with Virgin Records, making her the music industry's highest-paid performer (over brother Michael and Madonna, who each got $60 million deals in the early '90s) Davidson, Casey (January 26, 1996), "News & Notes", Entertainment Weekly, p. 15
  14. ↑ Farley, Christopher John; Thigpen, David E.; Ressner, Jeffrey (January 29, 1996), "Business: Are they worth all that cash? Janet Jackson's record-breaking $80 million contract could set off a new wave of pop-music megadeals", TIME, p. 54
  15. ↑ Rock band R.E.M. later signed an $80 million recording contract with Warner Bros. Records in August 1996; sources compared the group's record deal with Jackson's contract, but quoted her earning $70 million "R.E.M. Signs $80M Deal", Newsday, August 26, 1996
  16. 1 2 3 Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "allmusic ((( Design of a Decade: 1986-1996 > Overview )))". Allmusic. Retrieved 2010-07-07.
  17. 1 2 3 Browne, David (1995-10-05). "JANET JACKSON: DESIGN OF A DECADE; MICHAEL BOLTON: GREATEST HITS 1985-1995; C+C MUSIC FACTORY: ULTIMATE". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved 2010-07-07.
  18. 1 2 Norris, Chris (January 1996). Janet Jackson - Design of a Decade: 1986/1996 - A&M. Spin. Retrieved 2010-07-07.
  19. 1 2 Gardner, Elysa (November 1995). 1986/1996: Design of a Decade. Vibe. Retrieved 2010-07-07.
  20. 1 2 Christgau, Robert. "Robert Christgau: CG: Janet Jackson". Robert Christgau. Retrieved 2010-07-07.
  21. ↑ "Music Albums, Top 200 Albums & Music Album Charts". Billboard. Retrieved 2010-07-07.
  22. ↑ Strauss, Neil (1995-11-30). "The Pop Life". The New York Times.
  23. ↑ "Music Albums, Top 200 Albums & Music Album Charts". Billboard. Retrieved 2010-07-07.
  24. ↑ http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/rpm/028020-119.01-e.php?&file_num=nlc008388.2800&type=1&interval=20&PHPSESSID=djl517hee0trut00rjeuuikn10
  25. ↑ http://www.musiccanada.com/GoldPlatinum.aspx
  26. ↑ http://www.bpi.co.uk/certifiedawards/search.aspx
  27. ↑ http://www.ifpi.org/content/section_news/plat1996.html
  28. ↑ http://www.australian-charts.com/forum.asp?todo=viewthread&id=23462
  29. 1 2 "australian-charts.com - Janet Jackson - Design Of A Decade: 1986 - 1996". Ultratop 50. australian-charts.com. Retrieved 2010-07-01.
  30. ↑ "Amazon.com: Design of a Decade: Janet Jackson: Music". Amazon.com. Retrieved 2010-06-27.
  31. ↑ "Janet Jackson Design Of A Decade UK DOUBLE CD (397619)". eli.com. Retrieved 2010-06-27.
  32. ↑ "australian-charts.com - Janet Jackson - Design Of A Decade: 1986 - 1996". Ultratop 50. australian-charts.com. Retrieved 2010-07-01.
  33. ↑ "Janet Jackson - Design Of A Decade: 1986 - 1996 - austriancharts.at". Ultratop 50. austriancharts.at. Retrieved 2010-07-01.
  34. 1 2 "ultratop.be - Janet Jackson - Design Of A Decade: 1986 - 1996". Ultratop 50. ultratop.be. Retrieved 2010-07-01.
  35. ↑ "ultratop.be - Janet Jackson - Design Of A Decade: 1986 - 1996". Ultratop 50. ultratop.be. Retrieved 2010-07-01.
  36. ↑ "RPM Top 100 Albums - November 06 1995". collectionscanada.gc.ca. Retrieved 2010-10-03.
  37. ↑ "dutchcharts.nl - Janet Jackson - Design Of A Decade: 1986 - 1996". Ultratop 50. dutchcharts.nl. Retrieved 2010-07-01.
  38. ↑ "Frenchcharts.nl - Janet Jackson - Design Of A Decade: 1986 - 1996". Ultratop 50. dutchcharts.nl. Retrieved 2010-07-01.
  39. ↑ "finnishcharts.com - Janet Jackson - Design Of A Decade: 1986 - 1996". Ultratop 50. finnishcharts.com. Retrieved 2010-07-01.
  40. ↑ "Musicline.de - Chartverfolgung - Jackson, Janet" (in German). Musicline.de. Retrieved 2009-02-21.
  41. ↑ "Janet Jackson in Japan". mjjcharts.com. Retrieved 2009-02-21.
  42. ↑ "charts.org.nz - Janet Jackson - Design Of A Decade: 1986 - 1996". charts.org.nz. Retrieved 2009-02-21.
  43. ↑ "norwegiancharts.com - Janet Jackson - Design Of A Decade: 1986 - 1996". norwegiancharts.com. Retrieved 2009-07-01.
  44. ↑ "Chart Stats - Janet Jackson - Design of a decade 1986-1996". Chart Stats. Retrieved 2009-07-01.
  45. ↑ "swedishcharts.com - Janet Jackson - Design Of A Decade: 1986 - 1996". swedishcharts.com. Retrieved 2009-07-01.
  46. ↑ "Chart Stats - Janet Jackson - Design of a decade 1986-1996". Chart Stats. Retrieved 2009-07-01.
  47. 1 2 3 4 "Design of a Decade: 1986-1996 - Janet Jackson". Retrieved 2010-07-01.
  48. ↑ "RPM Year-End 1995". RPM. Retrieved 2011-04-02.
  49. ↑ "Jaaroverzichten – Album 1995" (in German). Retrieved 2014-02-01.
  50. ↑ NO certyear WAS PROVIDED for AUSTRALIAN CERTIFICATION.
  51. ↑ "Canadian album certifications – Janet Jackson – Design of a Decade: 1986-1996". Music Canada.
  52. ↑ "Gold-/Platin-Datenbank (Janet Jackson; 'Design of a Decade: 1986-1996')" (in German). Bundesverband Musikindustrie.
  53. ↑ "Japanese album certifications – Janet Jackson – Design of a Decade: 1986-1996" (in Japanese). Recording Industry Association of Japan.
  54. ↑ "Dutch album certifications – Janet Jackson – Design of a Decade: 1986-1996" (in Dutch). Nederlandse Vereniging van Producenten en Importeurs van beeld- en geluidsdragers.
  55. ↑ "New Zealand album certifications – Janet Jackson – Design of a Decade: 1986-1996". Recorded Music NZ.
  56. ↑ "The Official Swiss Charts and Music Community: Awards (Janet Jackson; 'Design of a Decade: 1986-1996')". Hung Medien.
  57. ↑ "British album certifications – Janet Jackson – Design of a Decade: 1986-1996". British Phonographic Industry. Enter Design of a Decade: 1986-1996 in the field Keywords. Select Title in the field Search by. Select album in the field By Format. Select Platinum in the field By Award. Click Search
  58. ↑ "American album certifications – Janet Jackson – Design of a Decade: 1986-1996". Recording Industry Association of America. If necessary, click Advanced, then click Format, then select Album, then click SEARCH
  59. ↑ "IFPI Platinum Europe Awards – 1996". International Federation of the Phonographic Industry.

External links

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