Diethyl sulfate

Diethyl sulfate
Molecular structure of diethyl sulfate.
Space filling molecular structure of diethyl sulfate.
Names
Other names
Sulfuric acid diethyl ester
Identifiers
64-67-5 YesY
ChEMBL ChEMBL163100 YesY
ChemSpider 5931 YesY
Jmol interactive 3D Image
KEGG C14706 YesY
PubChem 6163
RTECS number WS7875000
Properties
C4H10O4S
Molar mass 154.18 g·mol−1
Appearance Colorless liquid
Density 1.2 g/mL
Melting point −25 °C (−13 °F; 248 K)
Boiling point 209 °C (408 °F; 482 K) (decomposes)
0.7 g/100 mL
Vapor pressure 0.29 mm Hg
Hazards
Toxic (T)
Carc. Cat. 2
Muta. Cat. 2
R-phrases R45 R46 R20/21/22 R34
S-phrases S53 S45
NFPA 704
Flammability code 1: Must be pre-heated before ignition can occur. Flash point over 93 °C (200 °F). E.g., canola oil Health code 3: Short exposure could cause serious temporary or residual injury. E.g., chlorine gas Reactivity code 1: Normally stable, but can become unstable at elevated temperatures and pressures. E.g., calcium Special hazards (white): no codeNFPA 704 four-colored diamond
1
3
1
Flash point 104 °C (219 °F; 377 K)
Related compounds
Related compounds
 Dimethyl sulfate; diethyl sulfite
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

Diethyl sulfate is a highly toxic and likely carcinogenic chemical compound with formula (C2H5)2SO4. It occurs as a colorless, oily liquid with a faint peppermint odor and is corrosive.

Diethyl sulfate is used as an alkylating agent to prepare ethyl derivatives of phenols, amines, and thiols. It is used to manufacture dyes and textiles.[1]

Toxicity

Diethyl Sulfate is a strong alkylating agent which ethylates DNA and thus is genotoxic. There is not sufficient evidence for the carcinogenic properties of diethyl sulfate in humans, but there is in animals. It is classified as a Group 2A carcinogen by the IARC [2]

Preparation

It can be prepared by absorbing ethylene into concentrated sulfuric acid or by fuming sulfuric acid into diethyl ether or ethanol. [3]

References

  1. ↑ "Diethyl sulfate". pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Pubchem. Retrieved 2016-03-06.
  2. ↑ IARC (1992). "Diethyl Sulfate". Summaries and Evaluations 54. International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC): 213.
  3. ↑ Dow (June 24, 2006). "Diethyl Sulfate" (PDF). Product Safety Assessment. Dow Chemical Company. Retrieved March 5, 2016.

Further reading

External links

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