Digital pathology

Digital Pathology is an image-based information environment which is enabled by computer technology that allows for the management of information generated from a digital slide. Digital pathology is enabled in part by virtual microscopy, which is the practice of converting glass slides into digital slides that can be viewed, managed, and analyzed on a computer monitor. With the advent of Whole-Slide Imaging, the field of digital pathology has exploded and is currently regarded as one of the most promising avenues of diagnostic medicine in order to achieve even better, faster and cheaper diagnosis, prognosis and prediction of cancer and other important diseases.

Potential

In pathology, trained pathologists look at tissue slides under a microscope. The tissue on those slides may be subjected to staining to highlight structures. When those slides are digitized, they then have the potential to be numerically analyzed using computer algorithms. Algorithms can be used to automate the manual counting of structures, or for classifying the condition of tissue such as is used in grading tumors. [1] This could reduce human error and improve accuracy of diagnoses. Digital slides are also, by nature, easier to share than physical slides. This increases potential for using data for education and consultations between two or more experts.

Challenges

Digital pathology is not yet approved by the FDA for primary diagnosis. [2] Unlike digital radiology where the elimination of film made return on investment (ROI) clear, the ROI on digital pathology equipment is less obvious. The strongest ROI justification includes improved quality of healthcare, increased efficiency for pathologists, and reduced costs in handling glass slides.[3]

Digital Pathology Environment

Scan

Digital slides are created from glass slides using a scanning device. Digital pathology requires high quality scans free of dust, scratches, and other obstructions. [4]

View

Digital slides are accessible for viewing via a computer monitor and viewing software either locally or remotely via the Internet.

Example: digital pathology tissue slide stained with Her2/neu biomarker used for diagnosis of breast cancer.

Manage

Digital slides are maintained in an information management system that allows for archival and intelligent retrieval.

Analyze

Image analysis tools are used to derive objective quantification measures from digital slides. Pattern recognition and visual search tools are used to classify specimen imagery and identify medically significant regions of digital slides.

Integrate

Digital pathology workflow is integrated into the institution's overall operational environment.

Sharing

Digital pathology also allows internet information sharing for education, diagnostics, publication and research.

See also

References

  1. ↑ "The Pathology of Tumors, Part III: Grading, Staging & Classification". Retrieved April 26, 2015.
  2. ↑ "Digital Pathology Association". Retrieved April 26, 2015.
  3. ↑ "How to Build a Business Case to Justify the Investment in Digital Patholgy". Retrieved April 26, 2015.
  4. ↑ Flagship Biosciences. "How to Improve Whole Slide Scanning in Digital Pathology". Flagship Biosciences LLC. Retrieved 25 September 2013.

Further reading

External links

Informative sites or links

Academic Digital Pathology Sites

Other Relevant sites

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