Dorylaimia
| Dorylaimida | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Nematoda |
| Class: | Enoplea |
| Subclass: | Dorylaimia Inglis, 1983 |
| Orders | |
| |
Dorylaimia is a subclass of nematodes.
Description
In general, members of subclass Dorylaimia exhibit a great diversity of terrestrial and freshwater species, most of which are large predators or omnivorous free-living species. Some are plant parasites whereas others are animal parasite (Trichinellida and Mermithida). No members of the Dorylaimia are found in marine habitats. Dorylaimia bears an odontostyle, a protrusible, hollow, needlelike tooth for puncturing and emptying food items.
Taxonomy
Phylogenetic analysis of phylum Nematoda suggests three distinct basal clades, the dorylaims, enoplids and chromadorids.[1] These represent Clades I, II and C+S of Blaxter (1998).[2] Of these, the first two appear to have sister clade status, allowing resolution into two classes, Enoplea and Chromadorea, and division of the former into two subclasses corresponding to Clades I and II respectively, the Enoplia and Dorylaimia. Nevertheless the possibility remains that dorylaimia will eventually be shown to be a distinct third class of nematode.[3]
Subdivision
Phylogenetic analysis has resulted in a reorganisation with, for instance moving Triplonchida to sublass Enoplia.
Subclass Dorylaimia is divided into the following orders;
- Order Dioctophymatida Baylis and Daubney, 1926
- Order Dorylaimida Pearse, 1942
- Order Isolaimida Cobb, 1920
- Order Marimermithida Rubtzov, 1980
- Order Mermithida Hyman, 1951
- Order Mononchida Jairajpuri, 1969
- Order Muspiceida Bain and Chabaud, 1959
- Order Trichinellida Hall, 1916
References
Bibliography
- Lee, Donald L, ed. (2010). The biology of nematodes. London: Taylor & Francis. ISBN 0415272114. Retrieved 16 December 2014.
- Zhang, Zhi-Qiang, ed. (2011). Animal biodiversity : an outline of higher-level classification and survey of taxonomic richness. Auckland, N.Z.: Magnolia Press. ISBN 1869778499. Retrieved 15 December 2014.
- Blaxter, Mark L.; De Ley, Paul; Garey, James R.; Liu, Leo X.; Scheldeman, Patsy; Vierstraete, Andy; Vanfleteren, Jacques R.; Mackey, Laura Y.; Dorris, Mark; Frisse, Linda M.; Vida, J. T.; Thomas, W. Kelley (5 March 1998). "A molecular evolutionary framework for the phylum Nematoda". Nature 392 (6671): 71–75. doi:10.1038/32160. PMID 9510248. Retrieved 16 December 2014.
- George O. Poinar Jr. The Evolutionary History of Nematodes: As Revealed in Stone, Amber and Mummies. 2011
- Domingo Jiménez Guirado, Manuel Peralta Peralta, R. Peña Santiago. Nematoda: Mononchida, Dorylaimida I, Volume 30. 2007