Edmund Hart Turpin

Professor Dr. Edmund Hart Turpin (4 May 1835, Nottingham – 25 October 1907, Middlesex) was an organist, composer, writer and choir leader based in Nottingham and London.[1]

Life

Edmund Hart Turpin was born into a musical family which ran a dealership in musical instruments at 20 Chapel Bar, Nottingham. His father, James Turpin, was a lace maker and enthusiastic musical amateur.[2][3] On 3 November 1857 he married Sarah Anne Watson (*1834- 26 January 1903), second daughter of Mr. Robert Watson of Whitemoor, Nottingham.[4][5] They had known each other from early childhood, and had attended their first school together.[6] Together they had one daughter, Florence Elizabeth.[7][8] On 26 January 1903 his wife, Sarah Anne, died. It was at St. Bride's, Fleet Street on 2 May 1905, that he secondly married Miss Sarah Hobbs (? - 10 November 1918), daughter of the late Mr. John Hobbs, a surgeon of Bloomsbury.[9] Miss Sarah Hobbs had been a most ardent church-worker in the parish of St. Bride's.[10]

Although by descent a French Huguenot, and a consistent member of the Church of England for nearly the whole of his life, E.H. Turpin always preserved the memories of this official connection with the Roman Catholic cathedral in a warm corner of his heart.[11] The solemn stately ceremonial, the devotional breath of the incense, the tender pleading of the Latin liturgy by the voice of its own native plainsong, were subjects he ever delighted to discourse upon. It was a pleasure to him to bear witness during the whole eriod being organist at St. Barnabas (1850-1865), although in constant and daily touch with the cathedral clergy, no one ever attempted to persuade him to renounce his ancestral Protestantism in order to embrace the Catholic Faith. The services of the Anglican Church with which he was so closely associated later on in life, much as he admired and respected them, never seemed to appeal to his highly strung emotional temperament as strongly as did either those of the Church of Rome, or of the Catholic and Apostolic Communion. The beautiful ritual and music of the stately Catholic Apostolic Church must have consoled him for his severance from the still greater magnificence of the worship of the Roman Church.[12]

E.H. Turpin was buried at Highgate Cemetery (London), and his funeral was at St. Bride's, Fleet Street.[13] His funeral service was attended by a many Fellows, Associates and Members of the Royal College of Organists, and other distinguished musicians. He was succeeded by Mr. T. Westlake Morgan, a former organist of Bangor Cathedral.[14] The flat stone which covers his grave has the words of the fist verse of "On the Resurrection Morning" inscribed on it. A memorial tablet has also been placed in the hall of the Royal College of Organists, close to the door of his official private room; this has his portrait and the melody of his tune "Mansfield", with the words of the first verse of the hymn engraved below the music.

Career

Unlike Samuel Wesley, Henry Smart, Frederick Ouseley, John Stainer and others who were able to play at a very early age, Edmund Hart Turpin was about nine years old when he began to learn the pianoforte. He studied music under Charles Noble, organist at St Mary's Church, Nottingham, but also under other local teachers.[15][16] He got on so well with his organ playing that when his father paid the fees for his last term's instruction, Mr. Noble insisted on returning the money, saying, My pupil now plays as well as I can myself: I can teach him nothing more. Early in 1847 - before his twelfth birthday - he became the organist of Friar Lane Congregational Church, Nottingham, which his family had attended for many years. He received no payment for his services. At age 13, the Roman Catholic Cathedral of St. Barnabas at Nottingham being then newly built and was in need of an organist; E.H. Turpin applied for this post. The clergy were satisfied with what they heard, but considered him altogether too young. He assured the reverend fathers that he should try for the post again whenever a vacancy occurred. Two years later, in 1850, he applied again and successfully obtained this position at St. Barnabas.[17]

Besides these appointments as organists in local churches in Nottingham, Edmund was also Band Master to the Robin Hood Rifles.[18] At the age of 16 he gave his first London organ recital in 1851 at the Great Exhibition, Hyde Park.[19] Later on he was heard at the Crystal Palace and upon other important organs in London, and from this time onwards he gradually increased his metropolitan work and connection; still, however, retaining his organistship at Nottingham, where he also acted as conductor for several musical societies. In 1857 he settled in London, but retained some appointments in Nottingham.[20] Having been introduced to the Catholic Apostolic (Irvingite) Church by Mr. Pearson, the father of his brother Samuel's wife - an influential member of the Irvingite body in Nottingham - E.H. Turpin was appointed in 1860 as organist and choir-director of the Church of Christ the King, Bloomsbury, the central church of the Catholic and Apostolic Church in London.[21]

The amount of work he did for the Catholic Apostolic Church in London was described as phenomenal by Henry Strange Hume, its chief minister.[22] In the Musical Herald of 1 December 1907 Hume wrote: On the invitation of the chief minister of the church in Duncan Street, Islington, Mr. Turpin came in 1858 to instruct the choir in Plainsong. Two years later he was permanently engaged in the church in Gordon Square as musical director. For many years he assiduously trained the boys in the choir school, and conducted the weekly choir practices. Later, he was relieved of the laborious school work, but he continued to take oversight of the music, and frequently played the organ at the services. Besides this, he wrote almost all the music sung in the church, and here, it may perhaps be said, he put in some of his best work, including some very fine settings of the Te Deum, and many beautiful anthems. In all, he composed nearly fory complete services.[23] His major contributions for the music in the Catholic Apostolic Church were:

Finding as time went on that the continual travelling backwards and forwards to Nottingham (frequently at night) was too great a strain upon his health, he resigned with great regret his post at the Roman Catholic cathedral in Nottingham, and finally, in 1865, he settled for good in London. His brother, James Turpin, succeeded him as organist in Nottingham. Early in 1869, he undertook in addition to all this heavy church work, the duties of organist and choirmaster at St. George's, Bloomsbury. Once settled in London Turpin rapidly made friends, two of the earliest being Edward John Hopkins of the Temple Church, and John Pyke Hullah. Another friend for nearly forty years was Charles William Pearce (1856-1928), organist and later Hon. Treasurer of the Royal College of Organists; the latter wrote E.H. Turpin's biography in 1911.[31] In London, E.H. Turpin studied under John Pyke Hullah as well as Ernst Pauer.[32] It is known that E.H. Turpin also acted as teacher. For example, Edwin Lemare, Henry Houseley and John Cullen received musical education from him.[33] Edwin Lemare even lived with the Turpin family for several years while E.H. Turpin groomed him for a recital career.[34]

In 1863 the idea originated with Mr. Richard Limpus, organist of St Michael's, Cornhill in the City of London, to establish a College of Organists for the purpose of elevating and advancing the professional status of organists.[35] This idea was enthusiastically welcomed by his colleagues. Among the twenty-one members of the Council of the College of Organists were Edward John Hopkins, Dr. Charles Steggall, Dr. Edwin George Monk, William Henry Longhurst, Ebenezer Prout, James Higgs as well as the first honorary Secretary Richard Limpus. E.H. Turpin was made a Fellow (without examinination) in 1869, and became a Member of the Council shortly afterwards. In January 1872, he examined for the first time, and from then until July 1906. When Richard Limpus died in 1875, E.H. Turpin was appointed as honorary secretary of the College of Organists, and during his tenure the college obtained a Royal Charter in 1893 and thus became the Royal College of Organists, something which had always been the intention of Richard Limpus.[36] Edmund Hart Turpin served as Honorary Secretary of the Royal College of Organists from 1875 till 1907.[37] E.H. Turpin's position as Hon Sec. of the College of Organists coupled with his reputation, not only as a fine organ player but as a newspaper writer as well, naturally won for him a great deal of influence in the musical world. For a long time this manifested itself chiefly in the immense number of recitals he was asked to given in connection with the inauguration of new organs in churches, chapels, town halls, and other public buildings.[38]

He was elected as Hon. Member of the Tonic Sol-fa College in 1885.[39] Late in 1887 he resigned the organist's post at St. George's, Bloomsbury, and accepted a similar appointment at St. Bride's Fleet Street, where the fine Renatus Harris organ was a source of great enjoyment to him. He was awarded the Lambeth degree of Mus. Doc. by the Archbishop of Canterbury in 1889.[40][41] John Stainer gave a speech at the dinner on the occasion of his receiving the degree of Doctor of Music.[42] As such, John Stainer was one of those most intimately associated with Dr. Turpin in his connection (which was purely professional) with the Catholic Apostolic Church and a friend for nearly fifty years. As early as 1874 Turpin had been admitted as Hon. Licentiate of Trinity College of Music.[43] He was elected as Hon. Member of the Royal Academy of Music in 1890.[44]

In 1891 and 1901 he was listed as a Professor of Music.[45] In 1892 E.H. Turpin was appointed Warden of Trinity College of Music and for eight years he edited the periodical Musical Standard. Besiding being editor of the Musical Standard he became joint editor in 1891 of Musical News and has contributed many articles to periodical literature, besides giving lectures at the Royal College of Organists, the Musical Association, and other societies. He is widely known as a concert organist, and has opened organs in all parts of the kingdom; he is also a pianist, and plays nearly every instrument in the orchestra.[46] He was also Dean of the Faculty of Music in the University of London, and Secretary to the Board of Musical Studies.[47] Around 1900, Edmund Hart Turpin was interested in poetry as he compiled Saul and other poems (1898), The palace of art and other poems with introduction and notes, (1898) and English and American Sonnets (1902). Dr. Turpin was organist of St. Bride's at the time of his death in 1907. He practically retained his position as organist at the Church of Christ the King, Bloomsbury until his death.[48]

Appointments

Compositions

Hymnbooks

Other books and poetry

Use of Catholic Apostolic psalms and hymns outside the Catholic Apostolic Church

It is known that The Book of Psalms, Pointed in Accordance with the Twelve Ancient Tones has been used in the Church of Scotland.[62] More specifically, it has been drawn upon for the small selection of Gregorian settings which forms the appendix to The Scottish Psalter, 1929 (Prose). In 1935 it is recommended in the pamphlet published by the Committee on Public Worhsip and Aids to Devotion of the Church of Scotland: A Course of Reading for the Church Organist.[63]

Henry Wiseman states in 1967 about “The Book of Psalms, pointed in accordance with the Twelve Ancient Tones” that it is the best adaptation of Gregorian tones to the words of the Bible translation of the Psalms he knows. The system of pointing is easy to follow by anyone who has ’’Words’’ in his heart. The notation of the plain-song is simple to any good solfa-ist. The harmonisation, if an organ accompaniment should be desired, can be founded on a rudimentary knowledge of a few simple chords which, later, can be eked out by the study of some of the numerous works on the harmonisation of plain-song.[64]

Only some hymns of Edward Wilton Eddis published in the Hymns for the Uses of the Churches are found in other hymnbooks:[65]

The tune St. Chrysotom in the Hymn Tunes edited by Edmund Hart Turpin is used in The Hymnal companion to the Book of common prayer with accompanying tunes (1890) edited by Edward Bickersteth, Charles Vincent, Denis John Wood and John Stainer as hymn 259.

References

  1. ↑ Men of Nottingham and Nottinghamshire. R Mellors. S.R. Publishers Ltd. 1969
  2. ↑ Lace maker, cyberhymnal.org, retrieved 25 October 2014
  3. ↑ James Turpin, ebooksread.com, retrieved 9 November 2014
  4. ↑ Birthyear Sarah Anne Watson, familysearch.org, retrieved 30 October 2014
  5. ↑ Time of death Sarah Anne, genesreunited.co.uk, retrieved 7 November 2014
  6. ↑ Charles William Pearce, A Biographical Sketch of Edmund Hart Turpin, 1911, p. 15
  7. ↑ Florence Elizabeth, ancestry.com, Retrieved 7 November 2014
  8. ↑ Charles William Pearce, A Biographical Sketch of Edmund Hart Turpin, 1911
  9. ↑ Death Sarah Hobbs, genesreunited.co.uk, retrieved 7 November 2014
  10. ↑ Miss Hobbs, forgottenbooks.com, retrieved on 29 October 2014
  11. ↑ Charles William Pearce, A Biographical Sketch of Edmund Hart Turpin, 1911, p. 10-11
  12. ↑ Charles William Pearce, A Biographical Sketch of Edmund Hart Turpin, 1911, p. 17
  13. ↑ Charles William Pearce, A Biographical Sketch of Edmund Hart Turpin, 1911, p. 65-66
  14. ↑ Funeral, ebooksread.com, Retrieved 16 December 2015
  15. ↑ Local teachers, ebooksread.com, retrieved 9 November 2014
  16. ↑ Charles William Pearce, A Biographical Sketch of Edmund Hart Turpin, 1911, p. 5-6
  17. ↑ Charles William Pearce, A Biographical Sketch of Edmund Hart Turpin, 1911, p. 8-10
  18. ↑ Charles William Pearce, A Biographical Sketch of Edmund Hart Turpin, 1911, p. 12-13
  19. ↑ First organ recital, cyberhymnal.org, retrieved 25 October 2014
  20. ↑ London settlement, ebooksread.com, retrieved 9 November 2014
  21. ↑ Charles William Pearce, A Biographical Sketch of Edmund Hart Turpin, 1911, p. 15-16
  22. ↑ Charles William Pearce, A Biographical Sketch of Edmund Hart Turpin, 1911, p. 17
  23. ↑ Charles William Pearce, A Biographical Sketch of Edmund Hart Turpin, 1911, p. 17
  24. ↑ Charles Steggall, wikipedia.org, retrieved 29 October 2014
  25. ↑ Versicles and Responses, amazon.co.uk, retrieved 10 November 2014
  26. ↑ Turpin's Psalmbook, forgottenbooks.com, retrieved 30 October 2014
  27. ↑ The Book of Psalms, Pointed in Accordane with the Twelve Ancient Tones, Chiswick Press, London, 1879
  28. ↑ Plainchant, churchservicesociety.org, retrieved 30 October 2014
  29. ↑ Accompanying Harmonies, amazon.co.uk, retrieved on 30 October 2014
  30. ↑ Organ harmonies Psalmbook, forgottenbooks.com, retrieved 30 October 2014
  31. ↑ Charles William Pearce, A Biographical Sketch of Edmund Hart Turpin, 1911, Preface
  32. ↑ Hullah and Pauer, cyberhymnal.org, retrieved 26 October 2014
  33. ↑ John Cullen, books.google.nl, retrieved 16 December 2014
  34. ↑ Lemare living with Turpin's, orgel.com, retrieved 9 November 2014
  35. ↑ Purpose RCO, rco.org.uk, retrieved 7 November 2014
  36. ↑ Royal Charter, rco.org.uk, retrieved 7 November 2014
  37. ↑ Term as Hon. Secretary RCO, cyberhymnal.org, retrieved 26 October 2014
  38. ↑ Charles William Pearce, A Biographical Sketch of Edmund Hart Turpin, 1911
  39. ↑ Sol-fa College, ebooksread.com, retrieved 9 November 2014
  40. ↑ Lambeth DMus, cyberhymnal.org, retrieved 26 October 2014
  41. ↑ Morning Post, 29 November 1889
  42. ↑ Charles William Pearce, A Biographical Sketch of Edmund Hart Turpin, 1911
  43. ↑ Charles William Pearce, A Biographical Sketch of Edmund Hart Turpin, 1911
  44. ↑ Royal Academy of Music, ebooksread.com, retrieved 9 November 2014
  45. ↑ Professor of music, cyberhymnal.org, retrieved 25 October 2014
  46. ↑ Additional activities, ebooksread.com, retrieved 9 November 2014
  47. ↑ Hastings and St Leonards Observer - Saturday 2 November 1907
  48. ↑ Charles William Pearce, A Biographical Sketch of Edmund Hart Turpin, 1911, p. 17
  49. ↑ Charles William Pearce, A Biographical Sketch of Edmund Hart Turpin, 1911, p. 17
  50. ↑ Leeds Times - Saturday 24 March 1888
  51. ↑ Hymns Ancient and Modern, 1875, hymn 469
  52. ↑ Hymns Ancient and Modern, 1875, hymn 470
  53. ↑ Hymns Ancient and Modern, 1875, hymn 471
  54. ↑ Versicles and Responses, amazon.co.uk, retrieved 10 November 2014
  55. ↑ Accompanying Harmonies, amazon.co.uk, retrieved on 30 October 2014
  56. ↑ 20 Responses to the Commandments, amazon.co.uk, retrieved 18 November 2014
  57. ↑ Manipulation wind instruments books.google.nl, retrieved 28 October 2014
  58. ↑ Saul and other poems, books.google.nl, retrieved 18 November 2014
  59. ↑ The palace of art, openlibrary.org, retrieved 17 November 2014
  60. ↑ Study for the Organ Study for the Organ, amazon.com, retrieved 17 November 2014
  61. ↑ Sonnets, biblio.com, retrieved 10 November 2014
  62. ↑ Use Book of Psalms, churchservicesociety.org, retrieved 15 November 2014
  63. ↑ A Course of Reading, books.google.nl, retrieved 15 November 2014
  64. ↑ Wiseman, churchservicesociety.org, retrieved 17 November 2014
  65. ↑ John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology, 1957
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