Educational therapy

Educational therapy
Intervention
ICD-9-CM	93.82

Educational Therapy is a form of therapy used to treat individuals with learning differences, disabilities, and challenges. This form of therapy offers a wide range of intensive interventions that are designed to remediate learning problems. These interventions are individualized and unique to the specific learner.

This type of therapy helps the student strengthen the ability to learn. The student engages in activities that help academics as well as teach processing, focusing, and memory skills. The difference between traditional tutoring and educational therapy is dramatic. Traditional tutoring deals specifically with academics. Educational therapy deals with processing of information as well as academics. The educational therapist uses a variety of methodologies and teaching materials to help the student reach academic success.

Processing is the way students think and learn. All students learn differently and process information in a unique manner. Information is taken in through the five senses. Some students learn better by watching (visual learning) while others learn better by hearing (auditory learning). The students who seem to do worse in the traditional school setting learn best by doing (kinesthetic learning). If these students are taught to strengthen their weakest learning systems, then learning becomes easier and more efficient.

Some students have focusing problems. Attention deficits make the student less available for learning. If the student isn’t attending to the information being presented, then the student isn’t learning. Traditional methods involve medicating the student, but educational therapists are able to work with students and teach them how to focus and attend. Students today are expected to hold vast amounts of information in their memory banks. Many students are weak in this area as well. Memory skills can be strengthened like any skill, which in turn affects academics in a positive manner.

Cross lateral kinesthetic exercises may be used to strengthen proprioception skills. These physical exercises are thought to strengthen cognitive skills.^[1]

By addressing the processing of information, focusing issues, and memory skills, as well as academics, the educational therapist is better able to treat the underlying problem of the learning difference that is keeping the student from succeeding in the academic arena. This sometimes seems illogical to people, as they feel that the only way to fix an academic problem is to offer more academics. This rarely is a long term solution to the problem of poor academics, since piling on more academics only fatigues and burdens an already frustrated student. Educational therapy is better equipped to deal with the problem of processing information. This in turn leads to stronger academics.

Educational therapy addresses the underlying learning skills that affect academics. These skills would include visual and auditory processing, attention, and focusing as well as memory skills. The student only receives the skills that he/she is weak in. Each student is different and has unique strengths and weaknesses. Therefore, educational therapy is best equipped to deal with helping students with learning differences reach their highest potential.

In the 1940s, parallel development of the field took place in Europe and the United States, influenced by the work of pioneers like August Aichorn and Katrina DeHirsch, in Germany. DeHirsch wrote of the "treatment alliance" between the educational therapist and the child, while distinguishing the differences between educational therapy and psychotherapy. The goals of educational therapy's treatment plan include developing clients' strategic us of strengths to foster learning, develop autonomy and understand the relationship between learning and social/emotional functioning. (Ficksman and Adelizzi, 2010)

In the UK in the 1960s Irene Caspari, Principal Psychologist at the Tavistock Centre,London, became a leading trainer and exponent of a more psychoanalytic version of educational therapy, leaving money for the establishment of a 'Forum for the Advancement of Educational Therapy'. It was Caspari's belief that a child might learn more effectively when an academic learning program went hand in hand with 'expression work' which tapped into a child's deeper feelings, and that it therefore behoved the therapist to be aware of, and to work with, such feelings as well as with his/her own relationship with the child as a learner.^[2]

Educational Therapy has been used to treat:

Dyslexia^[3]
Non-Verbal Learning Disorder
Reading and Writing Difficulties (dysgraphia)^[4]
Math Disabilities (dyscalculia)
Attention Deficit Disorder/ Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Asperger’s Syndrome
Fragile X
Tourette Syndrome
Language Processing Problems
Visual Processing Problems
Poor Motivation
Low Academic Self-esteem
Poor Organizational and Study Skills
School and Test Anxiety
Poor Social Skills
School Placement and Retention

External links

References

↑ PE Dennison, GE Dennison - 1986 - eric.ed.gov
↑ Caspari, Irene - Troublesome Children in Class. Boston: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1976.
↑ E Boder - Annals of Dyslexia, 1973 - Springer
↑ RG Richards - 1998 - eric.ed.gov

Ficksman, M. & Adelizzi, J. (2010). The Clinical Practice of Educational Therapy. New York: Routledge.
Ungerleider, D.(2011). Educational Therapy in Action: Behind and beyond the office door. New York: Routledge.

Physical therapy and rehabilitation (ICD-9-CM V3 93, ICD-10-PCS F)

Physical rehabilitation disciplines	Physical therapy Occupational therapy Speech and language pathology

Education	Doctor of Physical Therapy Master of Physical Therapy Physical therapy education

Intervention techniques	Aquatic therapy Cryotherapy Debridement Diathermy Eccentric training Electrotherapy Fluidotherapy Gait training Heat therapy (Thermotherapy) Hydrotherapy Iontophoresis Joint manipulation Joint mobilization Soft tissue therapy Splint (medicine) Strength training Traction (orthopedics) Therapeutic ultrasound

Professional associations and regulatory agencies	American Board of Physical Therapy Specialties American Occupational Therapy Association American Physical Therapy Association American Speech-Language-Hearing Association Commission on Accreditation in Physical Therapy Education Federation of State Boards of Physical Therapy World Confederation of Physical Therapy World Federation of Occupational Therapists

Other related articles	Allied health professions Assistive technology Disability Evidence-based practice Pain management Physical therapy practice act

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