Eelpout

For Lota lota, sometimes also called eelpout, see burbot.
Eelpout
Gymnelus hemifasciatus
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Family: Zoarcidae
Swainson, 1839
Subfamilies
  • Gymnelinae Gill, 1863
  • Lycodinae Gill, 1861
  • Lycozoarcinae Andriashev, 1939
  • Zoarcinae Swainson, 1839

The eelpouts are the ray-finned fish family Zoarcidae. As the common name suggests, they are somewhat eel-like in appearance, with elongated bodies and the dorsal and anal fins continuous with the caudal fin. All of the roughly 300 species are marine and mostly bottom-dwelling, some at great depths.

They are conventionally placed in the "perciform" assemblage; in fact, the Zoarcoidei seem to be specialized members of the Gasterosteiformes-Scorpaeniformes group of Acanthopterygii.[1]

The largest member of the family is Zoarces americanus, which may reach 1.1 m in length. Other notable family members include Lycodapus and Gymnelus.

Popular culture

The Eelpout Festival that takes place in February in Walker, Minnesota, in the United States, celebrates the burbot, which is actually a cod-like fish misleadingly known locally as the eelpout.[2]

Genera

This family contains about 61 genera and 300 species:

Bothrocara brunneum
Lycodes turneri
Pachycara sp.
Zoarces viviparus

  • Aiakas Gosztonyi, 1977
  • Andriashevia Fedorov & Neyelov, 1978
  • Argentinolycus Matallanas & Corbella, 2012 [3]
  • Austrolycus Regan, 1913
  • Barbapellis Iglésias, Dettai, & Ozouf-Costaz, 2012 [4]
  • Bellingshausenia Matallanas, 2009
  • Bentartia Matallanas, 2010 [5]
  • Bilabria Schmidt, 1936
  • Bothrocara Bean, 1890
  • Bothrocarina Suvorov, 1935
  • Crossostomus Lahille, 1908
  • Dadyanos Whitley, 1951
  • Davidijordania Popov, 1931
  • Derepodichthys Gilbert, 1896
  • Dieidolycus Anderson, 1988
  • Ericandersonia Shinohara & Sakurai, 2006
  • Eucryphycus Anderson, 1988
  • Eulophias Smith, 1902
  • Exechodontes DeWitt, 1977
  • Gosztonyia Matallanas, 2009
  • Gymnelopsis Soldatov, 1922
  • Gymnelus Reinhardt, 1834
  • Hadropareia Schmidt, 1904
  • Hadropogonichthys Schmidt, 1904
  • Iluocoetes Jenyns, 1842
  • Japonolycodes Shinohara, Sakurai & Machida, 2002
  • Krusensterniella Schmidt, 1904
  • Letholycus Anderson, 1988
  • Leucogrammolycus Mincarone & Anderson, 2008
  • Lycenchelys Gill, 1884
  • Lycodapus Gilbert, 1890

  • Lycodes Reinhardt, 1831
  • Lycodichthys Pappenheim, 1911
  • Lycodonus Goode & Bean, 1883
  • Lycogrammoides Soldatov & Lindberg, 1929
  • Lyconema Gilbert, 1896
  • Lycozoarces Popov, 1935
  • Magadanichthys Shinohara, Nazarkin, Yabe & Chereshnev, 2006
  • Maynea Cunningham, 1871
  • Melanostigma Günther, 1881
  • Nalbantichthys Schultz, 1967
  • Neozoarces Steindachner, 1880
  • Notolycodes Gosztonyi, 1977
  • Oidiphorus McAllister & Rees, 1964
  • Opaeophacus Bond & Stein, 1984
  • Ophthalmolycus Regan, 1913
  • Pachycara Zugmayer, 1911
  • Patagolycus Matallanas & Corbella, 2012 [3]
  • Petroschmidtia Taranetz & Andriashev, 1934 [6]
  • Phucocoetes Jenyns, 1842
  • Piedrabuenia Gosztonyi, 1977
  • Plesienchelys Anderson, 1988
  • Pogonolycus Norman, 1937
  • Puzanovia Fedorov, 1975
  • Pyrolycus Machida & Hashimoto, 2002
  • Santelmoa Matallanas, 2010 [5]
  • Seleniolycus Anderson, 1988
  • Taranetzella Andriashev, 1952
  • Thermarces Rosenblatt & Cohen, 1986
  • Zoarces Cuvier, 1829
  • Zoarchias Jordan & Snyder, 1902

Timeline

Quaternary Neogene Paleogene Holocene Pleist. Miocene Oligocene Eocene Paleocene Anarrhichthys Anarhichas Quaternary Neogene Paleogene Holocene Pleist. Miocene Oligocene Eocene Paleocene

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Zoarcidae.
  1. Kawahara, R., Miya, M., Mabuchi, K., Lavoué, S., Inoue, J.G., Satoh, T.P., Kawaguchi, A. & Nishida, M. (2008). "Interrelationships of the 11 gasterosteiform families (sticklebacks, pipefishes, and their relatives): a new perspective based on whole mitogenome sequences from 75 higher teleosts". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 46 (1): 224–36. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2007.07.009.
  2. Bowen, S. Mardi Gras on ice. CNN Money. December 28, 2009.
  3. 1 2 Matallanas J., Corbella C. (2012). "Redescription of Iluocoetes Jenyns, 1842; proposal of a new genus, Argentinolycus, for Iluocoetes elongatus (Smitt, 1898), and description of Patagolycus melastomus gen. et sp. nov. (Teleostei, Zoarcidae)". Zootaxa 3296: 1–18.
  4. Iglésias S.P., Dettai A., Ozouf-Costaz C. (2012). "Barbapellis pterygalces, new genus and new species of a singular eelpout (Zoarcidae: Teleostei) from the Antarctic deep waters". Polar Biology 35 (2): 215–220. doi:10.1007/s00300-011-1057-3.
  5. 1 2 Matallanas J (2010). "Description of two new genera, Santelmoa and Bentartia and two new species of Zoarcidae (Teleostei, Perciformes) from the Southern Ocean". Polar Biology 33 (5): 659–672. doi:10.1007/s00300-009-0742-y.
  6. Nazarkin M.V., Shinohara G., Shirai S.M. (2014). "Phylogeny and taxonomy of Petroschmidtia teraoi (Katayama, 1943) (Osteichthyes: Perciformes: Zoarcidae)". Zootaxa 3780 (1): 171–193. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3780.1.7.


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